chore: Update SDK documentation (#4782)

Co-authored-by: marvin-context-protocol[bot] <225465937+marvin-context-protocol[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.claude/skills/review-pr/SKILL.md

@@ -96,12 +96,9 @@ Codex sometimes re-posts old comments that reference code you've already fixed (
 
 ## Labels — never apply or invent them
 
-**Do not apply labels to PRs or issues programmatically, and never create new ones.** Labeling is the maintainer's call (and is often automated). Two hard rules:
+**Do not apply labels to PRs or issues programmatically, and never create new ones.** Issues and PRs in this repo are auto-labeled by a bot based on title, body, and code changes — there's no fixed canonical list to match against, and GitHub's "add labels" API auto-creates any label name that doesn't already exist, so a typo or guessed name silently pollutes the repo's label list with a stray, uncolored duplicate. There is no MCP tool to delete a label, so a mistaken creation can only be cleaned up by hand in repo settings.
 
-- **Never invent a label.** GitHub's "add labels" API *auto-creates* any label name that doesn't already exist — so a typo or a guessed name silently pollutes the repo's label list with a stray, uncolored duplicate. Adding `breaking` (which does not exist) creates it alongside the real `breaking change` label.
-- **Use only labels that already exist.** If you genuinely need to confirm a label, look it up first (`get_label` / the repo's label list) and match the exact name. The canonical names here are specific — e.g. the breaking-change label is **`breaking change`**, not `breaking`; enhancements is **`enhancements`**, features is **`features`**, bugs is **`bugs`**.
-
-When a change warrants a label (e.g. it's breaking), **say so in the PR body and let the maintainer apply the label** rather than applying it yourself. There is no MCP tool to delete a label, so a mistaken creation can only be cleaned up by hand in repo settings — the cost of guessing is high and one-directional.
+Don't call out a "suggested" or "appropriate" label in the PR body either — the bot doesn't read it, and it just adds noise.
 
 ## When a PR is ready
 

.github/actions/run-claude/action.yml

@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ inputs:
     required: false
     default: ""
 
+  extra-allowed-tools:
+    description: "Additional comma-separated tools to append to allowed-tools"
+    required: false
+    default: ""
+
   model:
     description: "Model to use for Claude"
     required: false
@@ -88,7 +93,7 @@ runs:
         track_progress: ${{ inputs.track-progress }}
         prompt: ${{ inputs.prompt }}
         claude_args: |
-          ${{ (inputs.allowed-tools != '' || inputs.extra-allowed-tools != '') && format('--allowedTools {0}{1}', inputs.allowed-tools, inputs.extra-allowed-tools != '' && format(',{0}', inputs.extra-allowed-tools) || '') || '' }}
+          ${{ (inputs.allowed-tools != '' || inputs.extra-allowed-tools != '') && format('--allowedTools ''{0}{1}''', inputs.allowed-tools, inputs.extra-allowed-tools != '' && format(',{0}', inputs.extra-allowed-tools) || '') || '' }}
           ${{ inputs.mcp-servers != '' && format('--mcp-config ''{0}''', inputs.mcp-servers) || '' }}
           --model ${{ inputs.model }}
         settings: |

.github/actions/run-pytest/action.yml

@@ -46,6 +46,16 @@ runs:
           PARALLEL_FLAGS="--numprocesses auto --maxprocesses $MAX_PROCS --dist worksteal"
         fi
 
+        # pytest-timeout has no signal-based method on Windows, so it falls back
+        # to the thread method, which dumps stacks and os._exit()s the process.
+        # Under a contended runner that turns a single slow test into a dead
+        # xdist worker, failing whichever unrelated test that worker happened to
+        # be running. Give parallel Windows runs more headroom so ordinary
+        # scheduling jitter does not take a worker down.
+        if [ "$RUNNER_OS" == "Windows" ] && [ "$MAX_PROCS" != "0" ]; then
+          TIMEOUT=$((TIMEOUT * 4))
+        fi
+
         uv run --no-sync pytest \
           --inline-snapshot=disable \
           --timeout=$TIMEOUT \

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-version: 2
-updates:
-  - package-ecosystem: "pip"
-    directory: "/"
-    schedule:
-      interval: "daily"
-    labels:
-      - "dependencies"
-  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
-    directory: "/"
-    schedule:
-      interval: "weekly"
-    labels:
-      - "dependencies"

.github/workflows/marvin-dedupe-issues.yml

@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@ jobs:
       issues: write
       id-token: write
 
+    # TEMPORARY PIN — see the matching note in marvin-label-triage.yml.
+    # Claude Code 2.1.216 broke every Bash call under the action's subprocess
+    # isolation, which this workflow needs for all of its `gh` searching.
+    # https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code/issues/79997
+    env:
+      PINNED_CLAUDE_CODE_VERSION: "2.1.215"
+
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v7
@@ -91,9 +98,17 @@ jobs:
       - name: Clean up stale Claude locks
         run: rm -rf ~/.claude/.locks ~/.local/state/claude/locks || true
 
+      - name: Install pinned Claude Code
+        id: pin-claude
+        run: |
+          curl -fsSL https://claude.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- "$PINNED_CLAUDE_CODE_VERSION"
+          echo "path=$HOME/.local/bin/claude" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          "$HOME/.local/bin/claude" --version
+
       - name: Run Marvin dedupe command
         uses: anthropics/claude-code-action@v1
         with:
+          path_to_claude_code_executable: ${{ steps.pin-claude.outputs.path }}
           github_token: ${{ steps.marvin-token.outputs.token }}
           bot_name: "Marvin Context Protocol"
           prompt: ${{ steps.dedupe-prompt.outputs.PROMPT }}

.github/workflows/marvin-label-triage.yml

@@ -27,6 +27,22 @@ jobs:
       issues: write
       pull-requests: write
 
+    # TEMPORARY PIN — remove once upstream ships a fix.
+    #
+    # Claude Code 2.1.216 regressed the sandbox that claude-code-action wraps
+    # every Bash call in when `allowed_non_write_users` is set: the mountpoint
+    # walk fails closed, so every command — down to `true` — dies with
+    # `bwrap: Can't create file at /home/.mcp.json: Permission denied`.
+    # Marvin still reads the issue and picks correct labels, then cannot run
+    # the helper that applies them, so triage silently applied zero labels
+    # from 2026-07-20 onward while every run reported success.
+    #
+    # 2.1.215 is the last release without the regression.
+    # https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code/issues/79997
+    # https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code-action/issues/1547
+    env:
+      PINNED_CLAUDE_CODE_VERSION: "2.1.215"
+
     steps:
       - name: Checkout base repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v7
@@ -142,10 +158,21 @@ jobs:
       - name: Clean up stale Claude locks
         run: rm -rf ~/.claude/.locks ~/.local/state/claude/locks || true
 
+      # Mirrors how the action installs Claude Code itself, minus the version
+      # it hardcodes. Passing path_to_claude_code_executable makes the action
+      # skip its own install and use this build.
+      - name: Install pinned Claude Code
+        id: pin-claude
+        run: |
+          curl -fsSL https://claude.ai/install.sh | bash -s -- "$PINNED_CLAUDE_CODE_VERSION"
+          echo "path=$HOME/.local/bin/claude" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          "$HOME/.local/bin/claude" --version
+
       - name: Run Marvin for Issue Triage
         id: marvin
         uses: anthropics/claude-code-action@v1
         with:
+          path_to_claude_code_executable: ${{ steps.pin-claude.outputs.path }}
           github_token: ${{ steps.marvin-token.outputs.token }}
           bot_name: "Marvin Context Protocol"
           prompt: ${{ steps.triage-prompt.outputs.PROMPT }}
@@ -173,7 +200,7 @@ jobs:
       # agent reaching for something never on the allowlist (falling back to
       # `gh issue view` when the API is down, say) is behaving normally, and
       # failing on that would cry wolf during every GitHub incident.
-      - name: Fail if an allowlisted tool was denied
+      - name: Fail if Marvin could not run its tools
         if: always() && steps.marvin.conclusion != 'skipped'
         env:
           EXECUTION_FILE: ${{ steps.marvin.outputs.execution_file }}
@@ -222,9 +249,41 @@ jobs:
             echo "::notice::Marvin was denied $total call(s), none of them to tools this workflow grants. That is expected when it probes for a tool we deliberately withhold; the allowlist is intact."
           fi
 
+          # A granted tool can also fail *after* the permission check, which the
+          # denial count above cannot see. Claude Code 2.1.216 did exactly that:
+          # the sandbox refused to build and every Bash call — including the
+          # labeling helper — exited 1 with `bwrap: ...`, while the run stayed
+          # green. Correlate results back to their Bash tool_use rather than
+          # grepping the whole log, so an issue body quoting a sandbox error
+          # cannot fail an otherwise healthy run.
+          if ! sandbox=$(jq -sr '
+                [ .[] | if type == "array" then .[] else . end ]
+                | map(select(type == "object" and (.type == "assistant" or .type == "user")))
+                | map(.message.content // []) | flatten
+                | map(select(type == "object"))
+                | . as $blocks
+                | ( $blocks
+                    | map(select(.type == "tool_use" and .name == "Bash"))
+                    | map(.id) ) as $bash
+                | $blocks
+                | map(select(.type == "tool_result" and (.tool_use_id as $i | $bash | index($i))))
+                | map(.content | tostring)
+                | map(select(test("bwrap:|Failed to (start|create) sandbox")))
+                | "\(length)\t\(.[0] // "" | gsub("[\t\n]"; " ") | .[0:200])"
+              ' "$file"); then
+            echo "::error::Could not scan Marvin execution log for sandbox failures ($file)."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          IFS=$'\t' read -r sandbox_failures sandbox_sample <<<"$sandbox"
+
+          if [[ "$sandbox_failures" -gt 0 ]]; then
+            echo "::error::Marvin's Bash tool failed $sandbox_failures time(s) inside the action's subprocess sandbox, so it could not apply labels: ${sandbox_sample}. This is an environment failure, not a prompt or allowlist problem — check whether the pinned Claude Code version (${PINNED_CLAUDE_CODE_VERSION}) still avoids the upstream sandbox regression."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
       - name: Upload Marvin execution log
         if: always() && steps.marvin.conclusion != 'skipped'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: marvin-triage-execution-log
           path: |

.github/workflows/marvin-test-failure.yml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
           private-key: ${{ secrets.MARVIN_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
 
       - name: Set up Python 3.10
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v7
         with:
           python-version: "3.10"
 

.github/workflows/publish-fastmcp-tasks.yml

@@ -23,13 +23,29 @@ jobs:
           fetch-depth: 0
           ref: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha || github.sha }}
 
+      # Maintenance branches predate the standalone fastmcp-tasks package and
+      # resolve the `tasks` extra through fastmcp-slim instead. This workflow
+      # runs from the default branch for every fastmcp-slim release, including
+      # those tags, so detect the package rather than assume it is there.
+      - name: Check whether this ref builds fastmcp-tasks
+        id: package_present
+        run: |
+          if [ -d fastmcp_tasks ]; then
+            echo "present=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          else
+            echo "present=false" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "This ref has no fastmcp_tasks package; nothing to publish."
+          fi
+
       - name: Install uv
         uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
 
       - name: Build fastmcp-tasks
+        if: steps.package_present.outputs.present == 'true'
         run: uv build --package fastmcp-tasks
 
       - name: Verify matching fastmcp-slim is published
+        if: steps.package_present.outputs.present == 'true'
         run: |
           SLIM_VERSION=$(python - <<'PY'
           import email.parser
@@ -84,4 +100,5 @@ jobs:
           exit 1
 
       - name: Publish fastmcp-tasks to PyPI
+        if: steps.package_present.outputs.present == 'true'
         run: uv publish -v dist/fastmcp_tasks-*.tar.gz dist/fastmcp_tasks-*.whl

.github/workflows/publish-fastmcp.yml

@@ -134,17 +134,24 @@ jobs:
           # fastmcp-tasks is pinned via the optional `tasks` extra, so its
           # Requires-Dist entry carries an `extra == "tasks"` marker — unlike the
           # base slim dependency, do not skip marked entries here.
+          #
+          # Print nothing when there is no such pin. Release lines that resolve
+          # the `tasks` extra through fastmcp-slim instead of a standalone
+          # fastmcp-tasks package have nothing here to verify.
           for value in metadata.get_all("Requires-Dist", []):
               requirement, _, _marker = value.partition(";")
               match = re.fullmatch(r"fastmcp-tasks==([^;\s]+)", requirement.strip())
               if match:
                   print(match.group(1))
                   break
-          else:
-              raise RuntimeError("Could not find the fastmcp-tasks extra dependency")
           PY
           )
 
+          if [ -z "$TASKS_VERSION" ]; then
+            echo "This build does not pin fastmcp-tasks; the [tasks] extra cannot be uninstallable, so there is nothing to verify."
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
           for attempt in {1..12}; do
             if python - "$TASKS_VERSION" <<'PY'
           import json
@@ -171,19 +178,27 @@ jobs:
         run: uv publish -v dist/fastmcp-*.tar.gz dist/fastmcp-*.whl
 
   update-published-docs:
-    name: Update published-docs branch
+    name: Open published-docs PR
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: pypi-publish
     if: github.event_name == 'workflow_run' && github.event.workflow_run.event == 'release' && needs['pypi-publish'].outputs.is_prerelease != 'true'
-    timeout-minutes: 2
+    timeout-minutes: 5
     permissions:
-      contents: write
+      contents: read
 
     steps:
+      - name: Generate Marvin App token
+        id: marvin-token
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v3
+        with:
+          app-id: ${{ secrets.MARVIN_APP_ID }}
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.MARVIN_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+
       - uses: actions/checkout@v7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           ref: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha }}
+          token: ${{ steps.marvin-token.outputs.token }}
 
       - name: Check release line
         id: release_line
@@ -198,6 +213,26 @@ jobs:
             echo "Release commit is not on ${DEFAULT_BRANCH}; skipping published-docs update."
           fi
 
-      - name: Point published-docs at published release
+      - name: Prepare published docs tree
         if: steps.release_line.outputs.update_published_docs == 'true'
-        run: git push --force origin "HEAD:published-docs"
+        env:
+          RELEASE_SHA: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha }}
+        run: |
+          git fetch origin published-docs
+          git switch --force-create published-docs-sync origin/published-docs
+          git read-tree --reset -u "$RELEASE_SHA"
+          test "$(git write-tree)" = "$(git rev-parse "${RELEASE_SHA}^{tree}")"
+
+      - name: Open published docs PR
+        if: steps.release_line.outputs.update_published_docs == 'true'
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v8
+        with:
+          token: ${{ steps.marvin-token.outputs.token }}
+          base: published-docs
+          branch: marvin/publish-docs-v${{ needs.pypi-publish.outputs.version }}
+          commit-message: "Publish FastMCP v${{ needs.pypi-publish.outputs.version }} docs"
+          title: "Publish FastMCP v${{ needs.pypi-publish.outputs.version }} docs"
+          body: "Updates `published-docs` to the exact release tree. Merging publishes the documentation to production."
+          delete-branch: true
+          author: "marvin-context-protocol[bot] <225465937+marvin-context-protocol[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>"
+          committer: "marvin-context-protocol[bot] <225465937+marvin-context-protocol[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>"

CLAUDE.md

@@ -56,11 +56,13 @@ When modifying MCP functionality, changes typically need to be applied across al
 
 **Read `CONTRIBUTING.md` before opening issues or PRs.** It describes when PRs are appropriate, what we expect from enhancement proposals, and what we'll close without review.
 
+**Review closed contributor PRs.** When reviewing an issue, inspect every associated non-maintainer PR, including closed PRs. External PRs may be closed as part of the issue-link and assignment workflow, so closure alone is not a negative signal. Read `CONTRIBUTING.md` and the PR timeline and comments to understand its status before evaluating it.
+
 ### Git & CI
 
 - Prek hooks are required (run automatically on commits)
 - Never amend commits to fix prek failures
-- Never apply labels manually or invent new ones — the GitHub API auto-creates any unknown label name, polluting the repo's label list. Note the appropriate label in the PR body and let the maintainer/automation apply it. Canonical names: `bugs`, `breaking change`, `enhancements`, `features` (it's `breaking change`, not `breaking`). See the review-pr skill.
+- Never apply labels manually or invent new ones — issues and PRs are auto-labeled by a bot based on title/body/code changes. Don't note a "suggested" or "appropriate" label anywhere in the PR body either. See the review-pr skill.
 - Improvements = enhancements (not features) unless specified
 - **NEVER** force-push on collaborative repos
 - **ALWAYS** run prek before PRs
@@ -68,6 +70,12 @@ When modifying MCP functionality, changes typically need to be applied across al
 - **NEVER** merge a PR marked as do-not-merge or draft. Check title, body, AND labels for `[DNM]`, `DNM`, `DO NOT MERGE`, `DON'T MERGE`, `DONT MERGE`, `do-not-merge`, `dont-merge`, `[DRAFT]`, or `DRAFT` (case-insensitive, any variation — some authors use `[DRAFT]` in the title even when `isDraft` is false). Authors use these as hard stops — respect them even if CI is green and review looks clean. When triaging a batch of PRs, filter these out up front AND re-check each one's labels immediately before merging, since labels can change mid-session.
 - **ALWAYS** read review-bot comments before approving a PR. CodeRabbit and chatgpt-codex-connector (Codex) leave substantive review comments on most PRs in this repo — these bots have read the diff and often flag real issues that aren't in the PR description. Use `gh pr view <num> --comments` and read the bot feedback as part of review. Unlike proposed solutions from issue reporters, review-bot feedback should be evaluated on its merits, not discounted.
 - **Be constructively skeptical of bot review comments on your own PRs.** CodeRabbit, Codex, and claude[bot] run a fresh review pass on every push, which means a PR with active churn can accumulate bot comments in a stream that never really ends — each fix surfaces a new edge case the next pass can flag. Most of the early feedback is real and worth acting on; diminishing returns set in fast. Evaluate each comment on its merits, the same way you would a human reviewer: is this a real bug users will hit, or a hypothetical that requires an adversarial setup? Does the fix introduce more complexity than the problem? Has the bot missed context that's obvious to a human reader (a `*,` keyword-only marker, a design decision documented elsewhere, something already resolved on a later commit)? When a comment is pedantic, a false positive, or flagging something already fixed, reply on the thread explaining the reasoning and move on — don't keep iterating just because more comments arrive. If you find yourself three rounds deep and the feedback is shifting toward "what if someone does X" hypotheticals, you're past the point where each fix is improving the PR. Stop, document the contract as-is, and ship.
+- **Resolve a review thread when you fix it; reply when you're declining it.** A fix explains itself through the commit, so resolving is enough — and it leaves unresolved threads meaning unfinished business, which is the signal worth having. A decline needs a one-line reason in a reply, because resolving collapses the thread and a hidden objection is worse than a visible one. Doing both is noise. Get thread ids from the GraphQL `reviewThreads` field, then resolve:
+
+  ```bash
+  gh api graphql -f query='query($n:Int!){repository(owner:"PrefectHQ",name:"fastmcp"){pullRequest(number:$n){reviewThreads(first:50){nodes{id isResolved path}}}}}' -F n=<pr-number>
+  gh api graphql -f query='mutation($id:ID!){resolveReviewThread(input:{threadId:$id}){thread{isResolved}}}' -F id=PRRT_...
+  ```
 
 ### Outbound Comments and Shell Interpolation
 
@@ -111,7 +119,9 @@ Set `target_commitish` to the same branch that will receive the release tag. For
 
 **Patch releases** (3.1.1, 3.0.2) get 1-2 sentences explaining what broke and what the fix does. Keep it minimal — the auto-generated changelog has the details.
 
-**Merge the docs changelog PR *before* cutting the release, not after.** The post-publish `update-published-docs` job force-pushes the `published-docs` branch (which gofastmcp.com serves) to the released commit for stable releases on the default branch, so the changelog entry only reaches the live site if it's already in the commit being tagged. Land the docs PR on the release target branch first, then cut the release from that branch. If you tag first and merge docs after, this release's changelog won't appear on the live site until the next default-branch stable release force-pushes `published-docs` forward. Maintenance releases from `release/3.x` or `release/2.x` publish packages and GitHub notes without repointing `published-docs`; add their changelog entries on the maintenance branch, slotted into the matching major-version section. Two hand-maintained files mirror the GitHub release and must get a new entry for every version, newest at the top (these are `.mdx` and are not covered by the prek Prettier hook, which only runs on `yaml`/`json5` — match the existing entries' style by hand):
+**Publish docs through a PR.** The `published-docs` branch serves gofastmcp.com, and repository rules reject direct pushes and force-pushes to it. Stable releases from `main` automatically open a publication PR after PyPI succeeds. For prereleases and later docs follow-ups, create the same PR manually: start a temporary branch from the current `published-docs`, make a single commit whose tree exactly matches the desired commit on `main`, and use `published-docs` as the PR base. Merging publishes to production. Never push directly to `published-docs`.
+
+**Merge the docs changelog PR *before* cutting the release, not after.** The post-publish `update-published-docs` job opens a PR that syncs `published-docs` to the released commit for stable releases on the default branch, so the changelog entry only reaches the live site if it's already in the commit being tagged. Land the docs PR on the release target branch first, then cut the release from that branch. If you tag first and merge docs after, this release's publication PR will not include the changelog; publish `main` manually through the PR flow above or wait for the next default-branch stable release. Maintenance releases from `release/3.x` or `release/2.x` publish packages and GitHub notes without repointing `published-docs`; add their changelog entries on the maintenance branch, slotted into the matching major-version section. Two hand-maintained files mirror the GitHub release and must get a new entry for every version, newest at the top (these are `.mdx` and are not covered by the prek Prettier hook, which only runs on `yaml`/`json5` — match the existing entries' style by hand):
 
 - `docs/changelog.mdx` is the full mirror. Add an `<Update label="v<version>" description="YYYY-MM-DD">` block with: a bold linked title (`**[v<version>: <pun>](<release-url>)**`), a condensed 1-paragraph intro (one sentence for patches), the full categorized PR list reformatted from the `--generate-notes` output (`* <title> by [@user](https://github.com/user) in [#NNNN](<pull-url>)`), a `## New Contributors` list (plain `@user`, linked PR), and a `**Full Changelog**: [vA...vB](<compare-url>)` line.
 - `docs/updates.mdx` is the skimmable card feed. Add an `<Update label="FastMCP <version>" description="Month DD, YYYY" tags={["Releases"]}>` wrapping a `<Card>` that links to the GitHub release, with a 1-2 sentence summary and (for point releases) a handful of emoji-bulleted highlights.
@@ -178,6 +188,20 @@ Because the docs land *before* the tag exists, derive the entry from the maintai
 - **Style:** Prose over code comments for important information
 - **Docstrings:** FastMCP docstrings are automatically compiled into MDX documents. Use markdown (single backticks, fenced code blocks), not RST (no double backticks). Bare `{}` in examples will be interpreted as JSX — wrap in backticks instead.
 
+## Code Review Rules
+
+### Framework regressions and root causes
+
+- Review changes carefully for regressions in supported framework behavior, including interactions beyond the immediate diff. Trace relevant callers, shared abstractions, protocol and public API contracts, and all affected MCP component types. Determine whether a change fixes the causal code path or merely compensates for the symptom; side channels and special cases that leave the root cause intact should be treated as suspect.
+
+### Comprehensive first pass
+
+- Review the entire pull request diff against the merge base, not only the latest commits. Inspect every changed file and the relevant surrounding code, collect all independent, substantiated consequential findings before submitting the review, and report the complete set in one review whenever possible. Do not stop after finding the first few issues or defer other already-visible findings to later review cycles.
+
+### Prior discussion and proportionality
+
+- When prior review threads and author or maintainer replies are available, read them before commenting. Evaluate responses on their merits and do not repeat a resolved or convincingly rebutted finding without new evidence. Avoid fixating on speculative edge cases: report an edge case only when it is reachable under supported usage or a credible threat model and has meaningful impact; otherwise omit it or clearly treat it as non-blocking.
+
 ## Critical Patterns
 
 - Never use bare `except` - be specific with exception types

README.md

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 [![Docs](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-gofastmcp.com-blue)](https://gofastmcp.com)
 [![Discord](https://img.shields.io/badge/community-discord-5865F2?logo=discord&logoColor=white)](https://discord.gg/uu8dJCgttd)
 [![PyPI - Version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastmcp.svg)](https://pypi.org/project/fastmcp)
+[![TypeScript](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/%40prefecthq%2Ffastmcp-ts?label=typescript&color=3178c6)](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp-ts)
 [![Tests](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/actions/workflows/run-tests.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/actions/workflows/run-tests.yml)
 [![License](https://img.shields.io/github/license/PrefectHQ/fastmcp.svg)](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/LICENSE)
 
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@
 
 ---
 
-The [Model Context Protocol](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/) (MCP) connects LLMs to tools and data. FastMCP gives you everything you need to go from prototype to production:
+The [Model Context Protocol](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/) (MCP) connects LLMs to tools and data. FastMCP is a full MCP application framework for servers, clients, and interactive apps. A server starts with ordinary Python:
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import FastMCP
@@ -77,13 +78,15 @@ FastMCP has three pillars:
 
 **[Servers](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/server)** wrap your Python functions into MCP-compliant tools, resources, and prompts. **[Clients](https://gofastmcp.com/clients/client)** connect to any server with full protocol support. And **[Apps](https://gofastmcp.com/apps/overview)** give your tools interactive UIs rendered directly in the conversation.
 
+**Building in TypeScript?** [FastMCP for TypeScript](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp-ts) is the official counterpart, built and maintained by the same team. Same pillars, same ideas, `npm install @prefecthq/fastmcp-ts`.
+
 Ready to build? Start with the [installation guide](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/installation) or jump straight to the [quickstart](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/quickstart).
 
-## Run FastMCP in production with Horizon
+## Scale MCP with Horizon
 
-FastMCP is the standard way to build MCP servers. **[Prefect Horizon](https://www.prefect.io/horizon?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme&utm_campaign=readme_horizon&utm_content=readme_body)** is the enterprise MCP gateway for running them safely.
+FastMCP handles the MCP application layer. **[Prefect Horizon](https://www.prefect.io/horizon?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme&utm_campaign=readme_horizon&utm_content=readme_body)** is the enterprise MCP gateway for scaling servers and tools across teams, with centralized governance over how they are deployed, discovered, secured, and used.
 
-Built by the FastMCP team, Horizon packages the best practices we've learned shipping the world's most popular MCP framework.
+FastMCP and Horizon are built by the same team at [Prefect](https://www.prefect.io/).
 
 Deploy FastMCP servers from GitHub with branch previews and instant rollback. Create a private registry of every MCP your company uses. Secure access with SSO and tool-level RBAC. Get audit logs, observability, and governance across your MCP stack. Remix approved tools into purpose-built endpoints for teams and agents.
 
@@ -91,21 +94,19 @@ Start with FastMCP. [Scale with Horizon →](https://www.prefect.io/horizon?utm_
 
 ## Installation
 
-We recommend installing FastMCP with [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/):
+We recommend adding FastMCP to your project with [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/):
 
 ```bash
-uv pip install fastmcp
+uv add fastmcp
 ```
 
 For full installation instructions, including verification and upgrading, see the [**Installation Guide**](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/installation).
 
 **Upgrading?** We have guides for:
-- [Upgrading from FastMCP v2](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-2)
-- [Upgrading from the MCP Python SDK](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk)
-- [Upgrading from the low-level SDK](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk)
-
-> [!NOTE]
-> If `import fastmcp` fails right after a `pip` upgrade from FastMCP 3.2 or earlier, run `pip install --force-reinstall fastmcp`. See [Troubleshooting](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/installation#troubleshooting) for why this happens (`uv` is unaffected).
+- [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3)
+- [Upgrading from FastMCP 2](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-2)
+- [Upgrading from MCP SDK v1](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1) or [v2](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v2)
+- [Upgrading from the low-level SDK v1](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1) or [v2](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v2)
 
 ## 📚 Documentation
 

dev-docs/v3-notes/v3-features.md

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ Key features:
 - Fuzzy tool name matching suggests alternatives on typos
 - Interactive terminal elicitation for tools that request user input mid-execution
 
-Documentation: [CLI Querying](/cli/client)
+Documentation: [CLI Querying](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/cli/client)
 
 ### CLI: `fastmcp discover` and name-based resolution
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ fastmcp call cursor:weather get_forecast city=London
 fastmcp discover --source claude-code --source cursor
 ```
 
-Documentation: [CLI Querying](/cli/client)
+Documentation: [CLI Querying](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/cli/client)
 
 ### CLI: Expanded Reload File Watching
 
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ Key details:
 - Servers fetch and cache documents with standard HTTP caching (ETag, Last-Modified, Cache-Control)
 - CIMD is a protocol-level feature — any auth provider implementing the spec can support it
 
-Documentation: [CIMD Authentication](/clients/auth/cimd), [OAuth Proxy CIMD config](/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#cimd-support)
+Documentation: [CIMD Authentication](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/clients/auth/cimd), [OAuth Proxy CIMD config](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#cimd-support)
 
 ### Pre-Registered OAuth Clients
 
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ async with Client(
 
 The static credentials are injected before the OAuth flow begins, so the client never attempts DCR. If the server rejects the credentials, the error surfaces immediately rather than retrying with fresh registration (which can't help for fixed credentials). Public clients can omit `client_secret`.
 
-Documentation: [Pre-Registered Clients](/clients/auth/oauth#pre-registered-clients)
+Documentation: [Pre-Registered Clients](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/clients/auth/oauth#pre-registered-clients)
 
 ### CLI: `fastmcp generate-cli`
 
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ python my_weather_cli.py read-resource docs://readme
 
 The generated script embeds the resolved transport (URL or stdio command), so it's self-contained — users don't need to know about MCP or FastMCP to use it. Supports `-f` to overwrite existing files, and name-based resolution via `fastmcp discover`.
 
-Documentation: [Generate CLI](/cli/generate-cli)
+Documentation: [Generate CLI](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/cli/generate-cli)
 
 ### CLI: Goose Integration
 
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ fastmcp install goose server.py
 fastmcp install goose server.py --with pandas --python 3.11
 ```
 
-Also adds a full integration guide at [Goose Integration](/integrations/goose).
+Also adds a full integration guide at [Goose Integration](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/integrations/goose).
 
 ### ResponseLimitingMiddleware
 
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ Key features:
 - Size metadata added to result's `meta` field for monitoring
 - Configurable `raise_on_structured` and `raise_on_unstructured` behavior
 
-Documentation: [Middleware](/servers/middleware)
+Documentation: [Middleware](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/servers/middleware)
 
 ### Background Task Context (SEP-1686)
 
@@ -1112,7 +1112,7 @@ Features:
 - **Package support**: Directories with `__init__.py` support relative imports
 - **Warning deduplication**: Broken imports warn once per file modification
 
-Documentation: [FileSystemProvider](/servers/providers/filesystem)
+Documentation: [FileSystemProvider](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/servers/providers/filesystem)
 
 ---
 
@@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@ Each subdirectory with a `SKILL.md` file becomes a discoverable skill. Clients s
 
 **Progressive disclosure**: By default, supporting files are hidden from `list_resources()` and accessed via template. Set `supporting_files="resources"` for full enumeration.
 
-Documentation: [Skills Provider](/servers/providers/skills)
+Documentation: [Skills Provider](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/servers/providers/skills)
 
 ---
 
@@ -1183,7 +1183,7 @@ trace.set_tracer_provider(provider)
 
 Components provide their own span attributes through a `get_span_attributes()` method that subclasses override—this lets LocalProvider, FastMCPProvider, and ProxyProvider each include relevant context (original names, backend URIs, etc.).
 
-Documentation: [Telemetry](/servers/telemetry)
+Documentation: [Telemetry](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/servers/telemetry)
 
 ---
 
@@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ async with Client(server) as client:
         result = await client.list_tools_mcp(cursor=result.next_cursor)
 ```
 
-Documentation: [Pagination](/servers/pagination)
+Documentation: [Pagination](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/servers/pagination)
 
 ---
 
@@ -1250,7 +1250,7 @@ from fastmcp.utilities.lifespan import combine_lifespans
 app = FastAPI(lifespan=combine_lifespans(app_lifespan, mcp_app.lifespan))
 ```
 
-Documentation: [Lifespan](/servers/lifespan)
+Documentation: [Lifespan](https://gofastmcp.com/v3/servers/lifespan)
 
 ---
 
@@ -1456,7 +1456,7 @@ auth = GitHubProvider(
 )
 ```
 
-See `docs/development/v3-notes/auth-provider-env-vars.mdx` for rationale.
+See `dev-docs/v3-notes/auth-provider-env-vars.md` for rationale.
 
 #### Server Banner Environment Variable
 

dev-docs/v4-notes/background-tasks.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 title: Background Tasks (SEP-2663)
 ---
 
-**Status: Shipped (#4602, #4603).** This page is the approved design for rebuilding FastMCP's background-task support on the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension. It supersedes the earlier "delete the task machinery" direction recorded during the SDK v2 migration. The [Feature Program](/development/v4-notes/feature-program#background-tasks-sep-2663) carries the one-line status; user-facing usage is documented at [Background Tasks](/servers/tasks) and [Background Tasks (client)](/clients/tasks).
+**Status: Shipped (#4602, #4603).** This page is the approved design for rebuilding FastMCP's background-task support on the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension. It supersedes the earlier "delete the task machinery" direction recorded during the SDK v2 migration. The [Feature Program](feature-program.md#background-tasks-sep-2663) carries the one-line status; user-facing usage is documented at [Background Tasks](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/tasks) and [Background Tasks (client)](https://gofastmcp.com/clients/tasks).
 
 ## TL;DR
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ async def crunch(dataset: str) -> str:
 
 The extension API contributes a negotiated capability, additive request methods, and a `tools/call` interceptor — with access to FastMCP-level constructs the SDK's `Extension` withholds (the component registry, `Context`, auth scope). It is **designed against tasks** because tasks exercises the full surface (capability + methods + interception + client claims + notifications), where Apps exercises only a subset. Apps migrates onto the extension API as a fast-follow, deleting the hand-rolled splices and confirming the design generalizes.
 
-**Extension vs. middleware** — the discriminator, so we do not over-apply this: an extension is a *negotiated contract change the client must understand*; middleware is *unilateral server behavior the client never sees*. PII detection, auth, rate limiting → [middleware](/servers/middleware). Tasks, Apps → extensions. Litmus test: delete the capability advertisement — if nothing about the client's behavior changes, it was middleware.
+**Extension vs. middleware** — the discriminator, so we do not over-apply this: an extension is a *negotiated contract change the client must understand*; middleware is *unilateral server behavior the client never sees*. PII detection, auth, rate limiting → [middleware](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/middleware). Tasks, Apps → extensions. Litmus test: delete the capability advertisement — if nothing about the client's behavior changes, it was middleware.
 
 ### Client experience
 

dev-docs/v4-notes/change-register.md

@@ -4,28 +4,45 @@ title: Change Register
 
 This is the complete register of user-facing changes from the MCP Python SDK v2 migration ([PR #4437](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4437)), organized by subsystem. It doubles as a review lens: take one subsystem, read its claimed changes, and verify each against the diff.
 
-Each entry is tagged **Absorbed** (public surface unchanged), **Bridged** (shim keeps old code working, usually warning), **Breaking** (user code must change), or **Deprecated** (works, warns, slated for removal). See the [overview](/development/v4-notes/index) for what each disposition means.
+Each entry is tagged **Absorbed** (public surface unchanged), **Bridged** (shim keeps old code working, usually warning), **Breaking** (user code must change), or **Deprecated** (works, warns, slated for removal). See the [overview](index.md) for what each disposition means.
 
-**Empirical validation (WS2 upgrade reality-check).** The register's compatibility claims are verified, not predicted. Running unchanged 3.x-era code against this branch, all 11 upgrade scenarios pass or warn — the only failures are the two predicted breaks, user `mcp.types` imports and positional `McpError(ErrorData(...))` construction. Cross-version wire interop between a 3.4.3 peer and this branch is bidirectionally clean across 9 operations (3.4.3 client ↔ v4 server and v4 client ↔ 3.4.3 server over HTTP). All 29 `_ALIASES` bridge entries warn correctly with actionable messages.
+**Empirical validation (WS2 upgrade reality-check).** The register's compatibility claims are verified, not predicted. Running unchanged 3.x-era code against this branch, all 11 upgrade scenarios pass or warn — the only failures were the two predicted breaks, user `mcp.types` imports and positional `McpError(ErrorData(...))` construction — and the first of those went away when the stable SDK restored `mcp.types` (below). Cross-version wire interop between a 3.4.3 peer and this branch is bidirectionally clean across 9 operations (3.4.3 client ↔ v4 server and v4 client ↔ 3.4.3 server over HTTP). All 29 `_ALIASES` bridge entries warn correctly with actionable messages.
 
 ## Environment
 
 ### Dependency floors: pydantic >= 2.12, Starlette >= 1.0 — Breaking (environment)
 
-The SDK v2 raises FastMCP's dependency floors. Projects pinning an older pydantic (e.g. `2.11.*`) hit an unsatisfiable-resolution error at install time and must bump their pin; unpinned projects get pydantic upgraded silently. The server extra floors Starlette at `>=1.0.1` — modern FastAPI (0.11x+) already runs Starlette 1.x, so coexistence is clean (verified with FastAPI 0.138.2); only very old FastAPI pinned below Starlette 1.0 conflicts. Both are documented in the [upgrade guide's Environment requirements](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3#environment-requirements).
+The SDK v2 raises FastMCP's dependency floors. Projects pinning an older pydantic (e.g. `2.11.*`) hit an unsatisfiable-resolution error at install time and must bump their pin; unpinned projects get pydantic upgraded silently. The server extra floors Starlette at `>=1.0.1` — modern FastAPI (0.11x+) already runs Starlette 1.x, so coexistence is clean (verified with FastAPI 0.138.2); only very old FastAPI pinned below Starlette 1.0 conflicts. Both are documented in the [upgrade guide's Environment requirements](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3#environment-requirements).
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/pyproject.toml` (`pydantic[email]>=2.12.0` core, `starlette>=1.0.1` server extra); WS2 environment-upgrade scenario.
 
 ## Types and imports
 
-The SDK v2 split protocol types into a standalone `mcp_types` package and renamed every field from camelCase to snake_case. This is the single largest source of user-facing change, and FastMCP absorbs nearly all of it.
+The SDK v2 moved protocol types into a standalone `mcp_types` package — still importable as `mcp.types` — and renamed every model field from camelCase to snake_case in Python. The wire format is unchanged: the models keep their camelCase aliases and the SDK serializes with `by_alias=True`, so this renames the attributes code reads, not the JSON on the connection. This is the single largest source of user-facing change, and FastMCP absorbs nearly all of it.
 
 ### `mcp.types` split into `mcp_types` — Breaking (by omission)
 
+<Note>
+Superseded by the stable SDK — see "`mcp.types` restored as a permanent alias" below. The betas this section was written against had no `mcp.types`; `2.0.0` brought it back, so the break never reached a release.
+</Note>
+
 The `mcp.types` module no longer exists. Any `from mcp.types import X` or `import mcp.types` in user code raises `ImportError`. This is the one import change users cannot avoid.
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/types.py`, and grep the diff for the doc migration `from mcp.types import` → `from fastmcp.types import` (30 sites).
 
+### `mcp.types` restored as a permanent alias — Absorbed (stable-SDK change)
+
+The SDK betas removed `mcp.types` outright, which made user imports the one unavoidable break in the migration. SDK `2.0.0` reintroduced it as a permanent alias for `mcp_types`: a wildcard mirror where every name is the *same object* (`mcp.types.Tool is mcp_types.Tool`), with matching `__all__` and the same snake_case fields. It is not a v1 restoration — only the import path came back. So `from mcp.types import X` keeps working, and the break is gone.
+
+This leaves the two spellings pointing at one package, and FastMCP uses each in a different place on purpose:
+
+- **User-facing docs and examples use `mcp.types`.** Anyone installing `fastmcp` gets the full SDK (`fastmcp` → `fastmcp-slim[client,server]` → `[mcp]` → `mcp`), so the aliased path always resolves and is the spelling the SDK prefers. It also means a user's own dependency list needs only `mcp`, without naming `mcp-types` to satisfy a linter.
+- **FastMCP's own source uses `mcp_types`.** `mcp.types` is a submodule of `mcp`, so importing it requires the whole SDK. `mcp-types` is a *core* `fastmcp-slim` dependency while `mcp` sits behind the `[mcp]` extra, and a bare `fastmcp-slim` install must import without the SDK present — a guarantee `test_bare_slim_import_needs_only_mcp_types` pins. Reaching for `mcp.types` in core modules (`exceptions.py`, `_compat.py`, `tools/`, `resources/`) would pull the full SDK into the slim floor and break it.
+
+The rule of thumb: import `mcp_types` in library code, write `mcp.types` in anything a user copies. Both resolve to the same objects, so neither choice constrains the other.
+
+*Verify:* `.venv/.../mcp/types/__init__.py` (the wildcard mirror), `fastmcp_slim/pyproject.toml` (`mcp-types` core vs `mcp` in the `[mcp]` extra), `tests/client/test_slim_package_boundaries.py::test_bare_slim_import_needs_only_mcp_types`, and `tests/test_upgrade_from_v3.py::TestRemovedSurfacesFailLoudly::test_mcp_types_import_path_restored_by_stable_sdk`.
+
 ### `fastmcp.types` is the stable home — Bridged
 
 <Note>
@@ -82,7 +99,7 @@ import fastmcp
 fastmcp.settings.mcp_camelcase_compat = False  # now takes effect immediately
 ```
 
-The setting is documented in [Settings](/more/settings) as `FASTMCP_MCP_CAMELCASE_COMPAT`.
+The setting is documented in [Settings](https://gofastmcp.com/more/settings) as `FASTMCP_MCP_CAMELCASE_COMPAT`.
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py` (setting), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/_compat.py` (per-read gate), commit `d9659453`.
 
@@ -142,7 +159,7 @@ Server-side middleware is a new first-class SDK concept: `Server.middleware` is
 
 ### Middleware observes every inbound message — New (coverage)
 
-FastMCP's `Middleware` chain used to begin *inside* the per-method handlers, so `on_message`/`on_request`/`on_notification` only fired for messages that reached a tool/resource/prompt handler. Notifications, cancellations, and malformed or unroutable requests were invisible to middleware. `FastMCPServerMiddleware` — FastMCP's entry in the SDK's own middleware list — is now the dispatch root: it runs the `on_message`/`on_request`/`on_notification` pass for every message the interior handlers do not dispatch (all notifications including `notifications/cancelled`, `ping`, `logging/setLevel`, unknown methods, and component requests that fail validation before the handler runs). The component methods keep their interior dispatch unchanged, so `on_call_tool` and friends still receive the typed component result and a tool exception still propagates through `on_message`/`on_request` exactly where the built-in error/logging/timing middleware expect it — each hook fires exactly once per message. Multi-round (SEP-2322) calls compose cleanly with this: each round is a complete request→response cycle through the full chain, and an asking round's `call_next` returns the ask as an ordinary `InputRequiredToolResult` value (see the MRTR entry below). All thirteen built-in middleware pass their suites unmodified. See [What middleware sees](/servers/middleware#what-middleware-sees).
+FastMCP's `Middleware` chain used to begin *inside* the per-method handlers, so `on_message`/`on_request`/`on_notification` only fired for messages that reached a tool/resource/prompt handler. Notifications, cancellations, and malformed or unroutable requests were invisible to middleware. `FastMCPServerMiddleware` — FastMCP's entry in the SDK's own middleware list — is now the dispatch root: it runs the `on_message`/`on_request`/`on_notification` pass for every message the interior handlers do not dispatch (all notifications including `notifications/cancelled`, `ping`, `logging/setLevel`, unknown methods, and component requests that fail validation before the handler runs). The component methods keep their interior dispatch unchanged, so `on_call_tool` and friends still receive the typed component result and a tool exception still propagates through `on_message`/`on_request` exactly where the built-in error/logging/timing middleware expect it — each hook fires exactly once per message. Multi-round (SEP-2322) calls compose cleanly with this: each round is a complete request→response cycle through the full chain, and an asking round's `call_next` returns the ask as an ordinary `InputRequiredToolResult` value (see the MRTR entry below). All thirteen built-in middleware pass their suites unmodified. See [What middleware sees](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/middleware#what-middleware-sees).
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py` (`FastMCPServerMiddleware` root dispatch, `_INTERIOR_METHODS`), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/middleware/middleware.py` (`MiddlewarePhase`, `mark_interior_dispatched`), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py` (`_dispatch_component_middleware`), `tests/server/middleware/test_message_visibility.py`.
 
@@ -162,11 +179,11 @@ SDK v2 declares `extensions` as a real field on `ClientCapabilities`, so a clien
 
 The SEP-1686 task CRUD protocol (`tasks/get`, `tasks/result`, `tasks/list`, `tasks/cancel`) is entirely FastMCP-owned — the SDK ships no task store. Task detection moves to a params field: `params.task is not None` on `CallToolRequestParams`, with `ttl` from `params.task.ttl`. The four task handlers port to `add_request_handler`.
 
-The SDK has a real gap here (see [Known Gaps](/development/v4-notes/known-gaps) and sdk-feedback #1): it ships the task result types but omits them from the method registries, so a background-task `tools/call` returning a `CreateTaskResult` fails validation. FastMCP installs a registry-widening shim in `_sdk_patches.py` that adds `CreateTaskResult` to the `tools/call` result union and registers the `tasks/*` rows. It is a temporary patch with a self-documented removal trigger.
+The SDK has a real gap here (see [Known Gaps](known-gaps.md) and sdk-feedback #1): it ships the task result types but omits them from the method registries, so a background-task `tools/call` returning a `CreateTaskResult` fails validation. FastMCP installs a registry-widening shim in `_sdk_patches.py` that adds `CreateTaskResult` to the `tools/call` result union and registers the `tasks/*` rows. It is a temporary patch with a self-documented removal trigger.
 
 Resources and prompts have **no `task` field** on their params in b1, so task-augmented resource reads and prompt gets are not wire-expressible — a documented capability regression, tracked by xfails, not a bug FastMCP fixes.
 
-This section records the migration's *handling* of the SEP-1686 wire layer as it stood at merge. That layer is not the end state: it is slated for removal and rebuild on the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension (SEP-2663) as the `fastmcp-tasks` package. See [Background Tasks (SEP-2663)](/development/v4-notes/background-tasks) for the forward plan; the `_sdk_patches.py` shim and the `server/tasks/*` wire handlers described here go away with it, while the Docket execution engine moves into `fastmcp-tasks`.
+This section records the migration's *handling* of the SEP-1686 wire layer as it stood at merge. That layer is not the end state: it is slated for removal and rebuild on the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension (SEP-2663) as the `fastmcp-tasks` package. See [Background Tasks (SEP-2663)](background-tasks.md) for the forward plan; the `_sdk_patches.py` shim and the `server/tasks/*` wire handlers described here go away with it, while the Docket execution engine moves into `fastmcp-tasks`.
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/_sdk_patches.py`, `server/tasks/*`.
 
@@ -176,11 +193,13 @@ SDK v2 seeds an `OpenTelemetryMiddleware` into every lowlevel `Server`, so each
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py` (the `OpenTelemetryMiddleware` filter); `tests/server/telemetry/test_server_tracing.py::TestSingleServerSpan`.
 
-### Telemetry on by default, with an explicit off-switch — Absorbed
+### Telemetry on by default, with a three-way mode setting — Absorbed
 
-FastMCP's OpenTelemetry instrumentation is on by default. Because FastMCP uses only the OpenTelemetry API, span creation is a no-op with negligible overhead (the API's `NonRecordingSpan`) unless the user configures an SDK and exporter — so being always-on costs nothing until you opt into collection. The new `FASTMCP_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` setting (`fastmcp.settings.enable_telemetry`, default `true`) is the explicit off-switch: set it to `false` and `get_tracer()` returns a genuine no-op tracer, so no FastMCP spans are created even when an SDK is configured. The off-switch governs FastMCP's own spans (all SERVER spans, plus FastMCP's high-level CLIENT span); the SDK's low-level `mcp-python-sdk` `MCP send <method>` CLIENT spans are governed by the user's OpenTelemetry SDK, not this setting. FastMCP's SERVER span now also carries `mcp.protocol.version` — the attribute the dropped SDK `OpenTelemetryMiddleware` set — restoring parity with the SDK's semantic conventions.
+FastMCP's OpenTelemetry instrumentation is on by default. Because FastMCP uses only the OpenTelemetry API, span creation is a no-op with negligible overhead (the API's `NonRecordingSpan`) unless the user configures an SDK and exporter — so being always-on costs nothing until you opt into collection. `FASTMCP_TELEMETRY_MODE` (`fastmcp.settings.telemetry_mode`, default `native`) controls how much is active: `native` emits spans and propagates trace context; `propagation_only` emits no FastMCP spans but still extracts the incoming `_meta` context and attaches it, so downstream spans are parented to the calling trace; `off` is a full pass-through that touches neither spans nor context. The setting governs FastMCP's own spans (all SERVER spans, plus FastMCP's high-level CLIENT span); the SDK's low-level `mcp-python-sdk` `MCP send <method>` CLIENT spans are governed by the user's OpenTelemetry SDK, not this setting. `suppress_fastmcp_telemetry()` applies `propagation_only` semantics to a single block for library authors who own the MCP hierarchy for one operation rather than process-wide; it cannot override `off`. FastMCP's SERVER span now also carries `mcp.protocol.version` — the attribute the dropped SDK `OpenTelemetryMiddleware` set — restoring parity with the SDK's semantic conventions.
 
-*Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py` (`enable_telemetry`); `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py` (`get_tracer` off-switch); `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py` (`get_protocol_span_attributes`); `tests/server/telemetry/test_server_tracing.py::TestTelemetryEnabledByDefault`, `::TestProtocolVersionAttribute`.
+`propagation_only` is applied at the seam span, which is where the incoming `_meta` parent context is established for the whole request; suppressing only the deeper `server_span` would leave the per-request SERVER span intact and defeat the mode.
+
+*Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py` (`telemetry_mode`); `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py` (`telemetry_mode`, `get_tracer`, `suppress_fastmcp_telemetry`); `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py` (`_propagation_only_span`, `seam_span`, `get_protocol_span_attributes`); `tests/server/telemetry/test_server_tracing.py::TestTelemetryEnabledByDefault`, `::TestProtocolVersionAttribute`; `tests/telemetry/test_interop.py`.
 
 ### Spec-correct error codes via a central translator — Breaking (wire error code)
 
@@ -288,7 +307,7 @@ client = Client("my_mcp_server.py", timeout=30.0)  # also works
 
 ### Connection settings passed to `connect_session` — Breaking (custom transports)
 
-`ClientTransport.connect_session` takes a new keyword-only `transport_options: TransportOptions | None`, describing how the connecting client wants its session built: which `ClientSession` class to instantiate, and whether to forward the caller's authorization header upstream. Proxies use it to relay backend results without enforcing their output schema (see [Proxy Servers](/servers/providers/proxy#tool-results-are-relayed-not-inspected)).
+`ClientTransport.connect_session` takes a new keyword-only `transport_options: TransportOptions | None`, describing how the connecting client wants its session built: which `ClientSession` class to instantiate, and whether to forward the caller's authorization header upstream. Proxies use it to relay backend results without enforcing their output schema (see [Proxy Servers](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/providers/proxy#tool-results-are-relayed-not-inspected)).
 
 These settings previously lived on the transport instance, so a transport shared between clients leaked one client's configuration into another — including credential forwarding, which `create_proxy(some_client)` would silently enable on the caller's own client. They now travel with the client that wants them, and `forward_incoming_headers` is no longer a settable transport attribute.
 
@@ -379,7 +398,7 @@ async with Client("https://example.com/mcp", auth=auth) as client:
 
 ## HTTP
 
-The maintainer asked whether FastMCP can now delete its custom HTTP app and let the SDK's `Server.streamable_http_app()` handle everything. The answer for this PR is **no** — every override earns its keep. Convergence is a v4 project gated on three upstream additions (see [Feature Program](/development/v4-notes/feature-program)).
+The maintainer asked whether FastMCP can now delete its custom HTTP app and let the SDK's `Server.streamable_http_app()` handle everything. The answer for this PR is **no** — every override earns its keep. Convergence is a v4 project gated on three upstream additions (see [Feature Program](feature-program.md)).
 
 ### Kept overrides — Absorbed
 
@@ -431,32 +450,45 @@ The push-style Context features that require the server to call back into the cl
 | --- | --- | --- |
 | `ctx.info` / logging notifications | Supported | Supported |
 | Tools, resources, prompts, completions | Supported | Supported |
-| `ctx.elicit` (imperative) | Supported | Not on the back-channel — use [elicitation on the modern protocol](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol) |
-| `ctx.sample` / `ctx.sample_step` | Supported (deprecated) | Removed — call an LLM server-side |
-| `ctx.list_roots` | Supported | Via the [guard pattern](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol) |
+| `ctx.elicit` (imperative) | Supported | Not on the back-channel — use [elicitation on the modern protocol](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol) |
+| `ctx.sample` / `ctx.sample_step` | Not in the API | Not in the API — call an LLM server-side |
+| `ctx.list_roots` | Not in the API | Not in the API — take paths as arguments, or use the [guard pattern](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol) |
+| `client.set_logging_level()` | Supported | Raises — `logging/setLevel` is absent from the era's registry |
 | Background tasks (`task=True`) | Runs synchronously — never tasked | Supported via the tasks extension |
 
-Tools that rely on `ctx.elicit` or `ctx.list_roots` continue to work against clients on the session-based eras. On the modern era, elicitation is reachable through the multi-round "guard" pattern instead (a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult`; see the New entry below). Sampling is the exception: it is deprecated on every era and will not return on modern connections (see the Deprecated entry below).
+Tools that rely on `ctx.elicit` continue to work against clients on the session-based eras; on the modern era, elicitation is reachable through the multi-round "guard" pattern instead (a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult`; see the New entry below). Sampling and roots have no era row to speak of — they left the server API entirely (see the Removed entry below).
 
-Ordinary `ctx.info` usage emits an SDK-level `MCPDeprecationWarning` ("The logging capability is deprecated as of 2026-07-28 (SEP-2577)"). That warning comes from the SDK, not FastMCP, and is benign — logging keeps working on session-based connections per the matrix. `ctx.sample`/`ctx.sample_step` additionally emit a FastMCP-owned `FastMCPDeprecationWarning` (see below). The upgrade guide calls both out explicitly.
+Ordinary `ctx.info` usage emits an SDK-level `MCPDeprecationWarning` ("The logging capability is deprecated as of 2026-07-28 (SEP-2577)"). That warning comes from the SDK, not FastMCP, and is benign — logging *notifications* ride the request's own stream and work on every era, including the modern one. The upgrade guide calls it out explicitly.
 
 Wire interop across the transition is verified: a 3.4.3 client against a v4 server and a v4 client against a 3.4.3 server are bidirectionally clean across 9 operations over HTTP (WS2).
 
 *Verify:* `docs/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3.mdx` (the published matrix and SDK-warning note), `tests/server/test_protocol_eras.py`.
 
-### Sampling deprecated, era-gated — Deprecated
+### Server-initiated sampling and roots removed from the server API — Breaking
 
-`ctx.sample()` and `ctx.sample_step()` are deprecated and slated for removal in a future FastMCP release. Server-initiated sampling relies on the `createMessage` back-channel that SEP-2577 removed from the wire as of `2026-07-28`, and unlike elicitation it has no multi-round-trip replacement (the agentic loop would exhaust the round-trip budget). Both methods now emit a `FastMCPDeprecationWarning` once per process (gated on `settings.deprecation_warnings`), and on a `2026-07-28` connection they raise a clear `ToolError` before touching the wire. The client-side sampling handler infrastructure (anthropic/openai/google_genai) is retained for future MRTR work and is not deprecated. The migration is to call an LLM directly from your server rather than borrowing the client's model.
+FastMCP 4 is a modern MCP toolkit, so the capabilities the modern protocol removed are not in its server-authoring API. `Context.sample()`, `Context.sample_step()`, and `Context.list_roots()` are gone, along with the whole `fastmcp/server/sampling/` package (`SamplingTool`, `SampleStep`, `SamplingResult`, the tool loop, structured-result sampling) and the server-side handler arguments `FastMCP(sampling_handler=..., sampling_handler_behavior=...)`. These were previously deprecated-and-era-gated; they are now absent. Calling them raises `AttributeError`; the constructor kwargs raise a `TypeError` naming SEP-2577 and the migration.
 
-The dead TODO at `server/context.py` (a background-task sampling relay that was never built) is removed: that relay is not being built, so the note is gone rather than left as a promise.
+The motivating failure is that the gate had become the default experience. `Client` now defaults to `mode="auto"`, which negotiates `2026-07-28` against a FastMCP server, so an unmodified `ctx.sample()` server failed on an ordinary client connection. Four shipped examples (`examples/sampling/`) were broken by that flip; they are deleted rather than ported, and remain available on `release/3.x`.
 
-*Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py` (`_warn_sampling_deprecated`, `_is_modern_protocol`, the `sample`/`sample_step` gates), `docs/servers/sampling.mdx` (deprecation banner), `tests/server/test_protocol_eras.py` (warning + era-gate tests).
+Server-initiated sampling and roots are *requests* — the server sends one and blocks for the answer — which needs a back-channel the sessionless protocol does not have. What the protocol removed is the *pushing*, not the asking: both capabilities remain reachable through the guard pattern, where a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` whose `input_requests` map carries a `CreateMessageRequest` or a `ListRootsRequest`, the client answers it, and the tool re-runs and reads `ctx.input_responses`. `Client._drive_input_required()` dispatches those to the same `sampling_handler` / `roots` handler a handshake-era server would have pushed to, and `tests/conformance/server.py` exercises both routes. For roots that guard round is the recommended modern path. For generation it is available but usually the wrong tool — each round is a full request-response cycle, so an agentic loop exhausts the round-trip budget — and the recommended migration stays a direct LLM call from the server.
+
+**What is deliberately kept.** Client-side `Client(sampling_handler=..., roots=...)` and the provider handlers (anthropic/openai/google_genai) stay: a FastMCP client must still answer a legacy server's requests, and removing them would break interop with older servers. `docs/clients/sampling.mdx` and `docs/clients/roots.mdx` stay as real documentation. Logging is untouched — `ctx.log`/`info`/`debug`/`warning`/`error` are notifications that ride the request's own stream and work on every era.
+
+**Proxy relay.** `ProxyClient`'s default `roots` and `sampling_handler` are client-side handlers that relay a handshake-era backend's requests to the proxy's own front client. They are kept, because a proxy is a client to its backend and falls squarely under the interop guarantee above. They no longer route through the removed `Context` methods: both now call the SDK session directly (`ctx.session.list_roots()` / `ctx.session.create_message()`), an internal path with no public authoring surface. The relay is reachable only when both legs speak the handshake era.
+
+*Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py` (no `sample`/`sample_step`/`list_roots`), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py` (`_REMOVED_KWARGS`), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/providers/proxy.py` (`default_proxy_roots_handler`, `default_proxy_sampling_handler`), `docs/servers/sampling.mdx` (rewritten in place as the explainer), `tests/server/test_protocol_eras.py` (`test_removed_server_initiated_methods_are_absent`), `tests/server/providers/proxy/test_proxy_client.py` (relay still green).
+
+### `client.set_logging_level()` era-gated — Breaking (modern era)
+
+`logging/setLevel` asks a server to remember a level for the rest of the session, and it is absent from the `2026-07-28` method registry because that era has no session to remember it in. It previously surfaced the SDK's opaque "Method not found". `Client.set_logging_level()` now raises a `RuntimeError` naming the era and pointing at level-filtering in the client's `log_handler`; it is unchanged on handshake-era connections. It is never a silent no-op.
+
+*Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/client/client.py` (`set_logging_level`), `tests/server/test_protocol_eras.py` (`test_set_logging_level_is_era_gated_on_modern`).
 
 ### Push-feature degradation quality — Resolved (was sdk-feedback #10)
 
-On a `2026-07-28` connection the degradation error used to differ by feature: `ctx.list_roots` raised a clear `NoBackChannelError`, while `ctx.elicit` / `ctx.sample` surfaced a bare "Method not found" because those methods attach a `related_request_id` and reach client dispatch before failing. FastMCP now era-gates `ctx.elicit` and `ctx.sample`/`ctx.sample_step` to raise a clear, era-aware `ToolError` before the wire ("server-initiated sampling is not available on MCP 2026-07-28 connections…" and "elicitation via server-initiated requests is unavailable on 2026-07-28 connections."). The strict xfail that captured #10 is flipped to a passing test.
+On a `2026-07-28` connection `ctx.elicit` used to surface a bare "Method not found", because it attaches a `related_request_id` and reaches client dispatch before failing. FastMCP now era-gates `ctx.elicit` to raise a clear, era-aware `ToolError` before the wire ("elicitation via server-initiated requests is unavailable on 2026-07-28 connections."). The strict xfail that captured #10 is flipped to a passing test. The sampling half of #10 is moot: `ctx.sample` no longer exists.
 
-*Verify:* `tests/server/test_protocol_eras.py` (`test_elicit_sample_degradation_message_is_clear_on_modern`, now a real test), `server/context.py` (era gates).
+*Verify:* `tests/server/test_protocol_eras.py` (`test_elicit_degradation_message_is_clear_on_modern`, now a real test), `server/context.py` (era gate).
 
 ### Server-level cache hints (SEP-2549) — New (opt-in feature)
 
@@ -466,7 +498,7 @@ A FastMCP server can emit SEP-2549 freshness hints so a caching client (`fastmcp
 
 ### Elicitation on the modern protocol (SEP-2322), guard form — New (opt-in feature)
 
-A tool can gather client input across rounds on a `2026-07-28` call by returning an `InputRequiredResult` (see [Elicitation on the modern protocol](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)). Each round is a complete request→response cycle: the tool re-runs per round and reads the client's answers off two new `Context` properties, `ctx.input_responses` (`None` on the first round) and `ctx.request_state` (the echoed opaque state) — thin passthroughs matching the SDK's mcpserver semantics. This is the modern-era elicitation path the earlier per-feature matrix flagged as "MRTR rewrite pending"; it mirrors the SDK's base guard model exactly (tool re-runs, checks whether answers are present, returns to ask for more), with no FastMCP-invented resolver or annotation layer. For authoring these requests, `InputRequiredResult`, `ElicitRequest`, and `ElicitRequestFormParams` import from `mcp_types`. The `request_state` channel is sealed by the framework, not the author: FastMCP installs the SDK's `RequestStateBoundary` middleware on its low-level server, which seals every outgoing `request_state` and unseals and verifies every inbound echo before a tool runs — so a tool only ever sees plaintext and a tampered, expired, or foreign token is rejected with a frozen wire error. `FastMCP(request_state_security=RequestStateSecurity(keys=[...]))` supplies shared keys for multi-replica deployments; omitted, each process seals under an ephemeral key (correct single-process). Returning this result on a handshake-era (≤ 2025-11-25) connection raises a clear era error naming the mismatch rather than failing as a generic invalid result. The client half (`fastmcp.Client` at `mode="auto"`) drives the loop through its existing elicitation/sampling/roots handlers, capped by `input_required_max_rounds`.
+A tool can gather client input across rounds on a `2026-07-28` call by returning an `InputRequiredResult` (see [Elicitation on the modern protocol](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)). Each round is a complete request→response cycle: the tool re-runs per round and reads the client's answers off two new `Context` properties, `ctx.input_responses` (`None` on the first round) and `ctx.request_state` (the echoed opaque state) — thin passthroughs matching the SDK's mcpserver semantics. This is the modern-era elicitation path the earlier per-feature matrix flagged as "MRTR rewrite pending"; it mirrors the SDK's base guard model exactly (tool re-runs, checks whether answers are present, returns to ask for more), with no FastMCP-invented resolver or annotation layer. For authoring these requests, `InputRequiredResult`, `ElicitRequest`, and `ElicitRequestFormParams` import from `mcp_types`. The `request_state` channel is sealed by the framework, not the author: FastMCP installs the SDK's `RequestStateBoundary` middleware on its low-level server, which seals every outgoing `request_state` and unseals and verifies every inbound echo before a tool runs — so a tool only ever sees plaintext and a tampered, expired, or foreign token is rejected with a frozen wire error. `FastMCP(request_state_security=RequestStateSecurity(keys=[...]))` supplies shared keys for multi-replica deployments; omitted, each process seals under an ephemeral key (correct single-process). Returning this result on a handshake-era (≤ 2025-11-25) connection raises a clear era error naming the mismatch rather than failing as a generic invalid result. The client half (`fastmcp.Client` at `mode="auto"`) drives the loop through its existing elicitation/sampling/roots handlers, capped by `input_required_max_rounds`.
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py` (`input_responses`/`request_state` properties), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py` (`RequestStateBoundary` install), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py` (`request_state_security` param), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/mixins/mcp_operations.py` (`_on_call_tool` input-required passthrough + era gate), `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/tools/base.py` (`InputRequiredToolResult`), `tests/server/test_mrtr_guards.py`.
 
@@ -496,7 +528,7 @@ A proxy is a server on its front and a client on its back, and the two eras have
 
 ### The xfail register — Known gap
 
-Roughly forty `xfail` markers across the test tree (concentrated in `tests/server/tasks/`, `tests/client/tasks/`, and `test_protocol_eras.py`) are the built-in beta tracker: each names the SDK gap it waits on. They are enumerated and mapped to sdk-feedback findings on the [Known Gaps](/development/v4-notes/known-gaps) page.
+Roughly forty `xfail` markers across the test tree (concentrated in `tests/server/tasks/`, `tests/client/tasks/`, and `test_protocol_eras.py`) are the built-in beta tracker: each names the SDK gap it waits on. They are enumerated and mapped to sdk-feedback findings on the [Known Gaps](known-gaps.md) page.
 
 ## Security
 
@@ -510,7 +542,7 @@ FastMCP keeps its own DCR redirect-URI hardening (PRs #4419, #4408) regardless o
 
 ### Identity assertion (SEP-990 ID-JAG) — Added (beta)
 
-`OAuthProxy` (and `OIDCProxy`, which inherits it) accepts an optional `identity_assertion=IdentityAssertion(trusted_issuers=[...])`. When configured, the token endpoint accepts the RFC 7523 `urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:jwt-bearer` grant carrying an enterprise IdP-issued ID-JAG, validates it (signature against the trusted issuer's JWKS, `iss`/`aud`/`exp`, `typ` of `oauth-id-jag+jwt`, mandatory `sub`, signed `client_id`/`resource` binding, and `jti` replay rejection), and mints a short-lived FastMCP access token carrying the asserted subject with no refresh token. Authorization server metadata advertises the `jwt-bearer` grant type and the `urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-profile:id-jag` profile when enabled. This is server-side only; the client-side wrapper ships separately. See [Identity Assertion](/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#identity-assertion-sep-990).
+`OAuthProxy` (and `OIDCProxy`, which inherits it) accepts an optional `identity_assertion=IdentityAssertion(trusted_issuers=[...])`. When configured, the token endpoint accepts the RFC 7523 `urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:jwt-bearer` grant carrying an enterprise IdP-issued ID-JAG, validates it (signature against the trusted issuer's JWKS, `iss`/`aud`/`exp`, `typ` of `oauth-id-jag+jwt`, mandatory `sub`, signed `client_id`/`resource` binding, and `jti` replay rejection), and mints a short-lived FastMCP access token carrying the asserted subject with no refresh token. Authorization server metadata advertises the `jwt-bearer` grant type and the `urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-profile:id-jag` profile when enabled. This is server-side only; the client-side wrapper ships separately. See [Identity Assertion](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#identity-assertion-sep-990).
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/auth/identity_assertion.py`, the `exchange_identity_assertion` and `get_routes` changes in `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/auth/oauth_proxy/proxy.py`, and the jwt-bearer dispatch in `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/auth/auth.py` (`TokenHandler._maybe_handle_id_jag`).
 
@@ -518,7 +550,7 @@ FastMCP keeps its own DCR redirect-URI hardening (PRs #4419, #4408) regardless o
 
 Every templated resource now has its extracted parameter values screened for path-traversal (`..` segments), absolute paths, and null bytes **before the handler runs** — on by default, at the server's read chokepoint, covering local and provider-sourced (mounted/proxied) templates alike. Previously these payloads reached handlers raw; a template whose parameter flowed into a filesystem path or upstream URL was exposed unless the author added their own check. A rejected read now surfaces a non-leaky "resource not found" error (`-32602`) and a debug log.
 
-The check is component-based, matching the SDK's `contains_path_traversal`: only a standalone `..` segment is traversal, so values that merely contain dots (`HEAD~3..HEAD`, `file.tar.gz`) and dotfiles (`.env`) still pass. This can break a template that legitimately accepts `..`-bearing or absolute values — exempt the parameter with `ResourceSecurity(exempt_params={...})`, disable per-component with `security=None`, or set a server-wide default with `FastMCP(resource_security=...)`. See [Resources → Path Security](/servers/resources#path-security).
+The check is component-based, matching the SDK's `contains_path_traversal`: only a standalone `..` segment is traversal, so values that merely contain dots (`HEAD~3..HEAD`, `file.tar.gz`) and dotfiles (`.env`) still pass. This can break a template that legitimately accepts `..`-bearing or absolute values — exempt the parameter with `ResourceSecurity(exempt_params={...})`, disable per-component with `security=None`, or set a server-wide default with `FastMCP(resource_security=...)`. See [Resources → Path Security](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/resources#path-security).
 
 *Verify:* `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/resources/security.py` (`ResourceSecurity`), the screening block in `FastMCP.read_resource` (`fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py`), and `tests/resources/test_resource_security.py`.
 
@@ -551,9 +583,13 @@ The `_REMOVED_KWARGS` constructor shim (which raises helpful `TypeError`s for kw
 
 ### Tool and component parameters
 
-- **Tool-level `serializer` parameter** — removed from `@tool` / `mcp.tool()`, `Tool.from_function`, `Tool.from_tool`, `TransformedTool.from_tool`, the OpenAPI `OpenAPITool`, and the `mcp_mixin` tool decorator. Return a `ToolResult` from your tool for full control over serialization instead (see [Custom Serialization](/servers/tools#custom-serialization)). The server-level `tool_serializer` constructor kwarg was already removed in 3.0.
+- **Tool-level `serializer` parameter** — removed from `@tool` / `mcp.tool()`, `Tool.from_function`, `Tool.from_tool`, `TransformedTool.from_tool`, the OpenAPI `OpenAPITool`, and the `mcp_mixin` tool decorator. Return a `ToolResult` from your tool for full control over serialization instead (see [Custom Serialization](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/tools#custom-serialization)). The server-level `tool_serializer` constructor kwarg was already removed in 3.0.
 - **Tool `exclude_args` parameter** — removed from the tool decorator and its plumbing (`ParsedFunction.from_function`, `Tool.from_function`, `mcp.tool()`). Use dependency injection with `Depends()` to hide parameters from the tool schema instead.
 - **`decorator_mode` setting** (`FASTMCP_DECORATOR_MODE`) and its `"object"` mode — removed. Decorators always return the original function with metadata attached; the object-returning machinery is gone. Access component objects through the server (e.g. `await mcp.get_tool("name")`) rather than the decorated function.
-- **Component-import compatibility shims** — the `__getattr__` shims that re-exported `FunctionTool` / `ParsedFunction` / `tool` from `fastmcp.tools.tool`, `FunctionResource` / `resource` from `fastmcp.resources.resource`, and `FunctionPrompt` / `prompt` from `fastmcp.prompts.prompt` are removed. Import these from their canonical modules (`fastmcp.tools.function_tool`, `fastmcp.resources.function_resource`, `fastmcp.prompts.function_prompt`) instead.
+- **Component-import compatibility shims** — Breaking. `fastmcp.tools.tool`, `fastmcp.resources.resource`, and `fastmcp.prompts.prompt` no longer exist as modules. Two separate mechanisms kept them alive and both are now gone: the `__getattr__` shims that re-exported `FunctionTool` / `ParsedFunction` / `tool`, `FunctionResource` / `resource`, and `FunctionPrompt` / `prompt`; and the `sys.modules` aliases that pointed each old module name at its renamed `base.py`. Import the component types from the package itself — `from fastmcp.tools import Tool, ToolResult` — and the function-backed classes from their canonical modules (`fastmcp.tools.function_tool`, `fastmcp.resources.function_resource`, `fastmcp.prompts.function_prompt`).
+- **`fastmcp.experimental.sampling`** and **`fastmcp.experimental.sampling.handlers`** (2.x-era re-export shims) — Breaking. These aliased the client-side sampling handlers without warning. Import from `fastmcp.client.sampling.handlers.openai` instead. Note this is unrelated to the SEP-2577 removal of *server-initiated* sampling: a FastMCP client still answers a legacy-era server's sampling requests, so `Client(sampling_handler=...)` and the Anthropic / OpenAI / Google GenAI handlers under `fastmcp.client.sampling.handlers` remain fully supported.
+- **`fastmcp.server.auth.authorization`** (3.0-era re-export shim) — Breaking. The module was a pass-through sitting between the `fastmcp.server.auth` package and the real implementation in `fastmcp.utilities.authorization`, and FastMCP's own middleware and local-provider decorators imported through it. Everything internal now imports from `fastmcp.utilities.authorization` directly. The documented public path is unchanged: `from fastmcp.server.auth import require_scopes, require_roles, restrict_tag, run_auth_checks, AuthCheck, AuthContext`. Two names the old module also exported — `run_auth_checks_with_shortfall` and `scope_requirements` — are *not* re-exported from `fastmcp.server.auth` and must be imported from `fastmcp.utilities.authorization`. They are middleware plumbing with no documented user-facing use, so they were deliberately not widened onto the auth package's surface; the upgrade guide names the utilities path for them explicitly.
+- **`SkillsProvider`** (3.0-era rename alias) — Breaking. Use `SkillsDirectoryProvider` from `fastmcp.server.providers.skills`. The alias was also re-exported from `fastmcp.server.providers`; both are gone.
+- **`ctx.elicit()` without `response_type`** (deprecated 3.2, warned through 3.4.4) — Breaking. The parameter is now required, and passing `None` explicitly raises `TypeError`. The empty-object schema it produced was ambiguous under the MCP spec and left some clients (e.g. VS Code) rendering an empty, non-functional form. Pass a type describing the data you expect back; `bool` covers confirmations. This is the server-authoring API only — the *client* elicitation handler still receives `response_type=None` for URL requests and for empty schemas sent by other servers, which is unchanged.
 
 *Verify:* deletions of `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/proxy.py`, `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/openapi/`, `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/experimental/server/openapi/`, `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/experimental/utilities/openapi/`, `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/apps.py`, `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/app.py`; the removed classes in `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/middleware/tool_injection.py`; the removed parameter in `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/client/transports/http.py`; `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py`; `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/tools/base.py`, `tools/function_tool.py`, `tools/tool_transform.py`, `tools/function_parsing.py`; `fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py`, `resources/function_resource.py`, `prompts/function_prompt.py`, and the local-provider decorators; `resources/base.py`, `prompts/base.py`.

dev-docs/v4-notes/feature-program.md

@@ -13,21 +13,15 @@ Code blocks marked as sketches show the *intended* API and do not resolve agains
 
 ## Sampling removal
 
-**Status: Deprecation and era-gating shipped (#4448); removal slated for 4.0.**
+**Status: Shipped in 4.0.**
 
-Sampling is the push-shaped API where a server borrows the client's model mid-call (`ctx.sample`, `ctx.sample_step`). The `2026-07-28` era removes server-initiated requests, so this API cannot work on modern connections. Background-task sampling is dead under v2 — a worker's back-channel is gone once the submitting request returns, and no sampling relay was ever built (sdk-feedback #9).
+Sampling was the push-shaped API where a server borrows the client's model mid-call (`ctx.sample`, `ctx.sample_step`). The `2026-07-28` era removes server-initiated requests, so it cannot work on modern connections, and `Client`'s flip to `mode="auto"` made a modern connection the default — the era gate had become the default experience rather than an edge case. Background-task sampling was dead under v2 in any event: a worker's back-channel is gone once the submitting request returns, and no relay was ever built (sdk-feedback #9).
 
-The plan is Option A: **deprecate the push-sampling API now and remove it in the 4.0 release.** The first two steps shipped in #4448:
+Deprecation and era-gating shipped in #4448. The removal completes the plan: `ctx.sample`, `ctx.sample_step`, `ctx.list_roots`, `server/sampling/` (including `SamplingTool` and structured-result sampling), `FastMCP(sampling_handler=..., sampling_handler_behavior=...)`, and `examples/sampling/` are all gone. The server-authoring API is now the modern protocol's API, with nothing in it that only works against old clients.
 
-- **Done:** `ctx.sample` / `ctx.sample_step` emit a `FastMCPDeprecationWarning` (once per process, gated on `settings.deprecation_warnings`).
-- **Done:** both are era-gated to raise a clear, era-aware `ToolError` on `2026-07-28` before the wire, which also fixed the opaque "Method not found" of sdk-feedback #10.
-- **Pending 4.0:** remove `ctx.sample`, `ctx.sample_step`, `server/sampling/`, `SamplingTool`, and structured-result sampling.
+The migration story is honest: there is **no drop-in**. The guidance is architectural — call an LLM from your server directly, with your own API key, rather than borrowing the client's model. For roots, take paths as tool arguments or ask through the guard pattern, whose `input_requests` map still carries a `ListRootsRequest`.
 
-The migration story is honest: there is **no drop-in** on modern connections. The guidance is architectural — call an LLM from your server directly, with your own API key, rather than borrowing the client's model. That shift is the real answer, and it is why the removal justifies a major version.
-
-The client-side provider handlers (Anthropic, OpenAI, Google GenAI) are **retained** regardless: MRTR needs them to answer sampling input-requests from the client side. What is removed is the server-side push emitter, which the SDK never built for the modern era.
-
-Sampling still functions on the legacy eras. Users also see an SDK-level `MCPDeprecationWarning` on ordinary `ctx.sample` usage (the SDK deprecated the capability wire-side per SEP-2577). FastMCP's own deprecation — the warning with migration guidance, plus the era-gating — shipped in #4448; only the final removal remains for 4.0.
+The client-side provider handlers (Anthropic, OpenAI, Google GenAI) and `Client(sampling_handler=..., roots=...)` are **retained**: a FastMCP client still has to answer a legacy server's requests, and MRTR needs them from the client side. What is removed is the server-side push emitter. `ProxyClient`'s default relay handlers are retained for the same interop reason and now call the SDK session directly.
 
 ## MRTR elicitation
 
@@ -35,11 +29,11 @@ Sampling still functions on the legacy eras. Users also see an SDK-level `MCPDep
 
 Elicitation survives the modern era through multi-round-trip (MRTR). The 2026 wire envelope carries elicitation as a multi-round input-request: a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` and re-runs per round, each round a complete request→response cycle. Imperative `ctx.elicit` relies on the session back-channel, which is gone on `2026-07-28` foreground calls; on the modern era, elicitation is reachable through MRTR instead.
 
-The **guard form** of this is shipped in 4.0 (see [Elicitation on the modern protocol](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)): a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` and reads the client's answers off `ctx.input_responses` / `ctx.request_state`, re-running each round. It mirrors the SDK's base guard model exactly — no FastMCP-invented DX, the framework owns `request_state` sealing, and returning this result on a handshake-era connection produces a clear era error.
+The **guard form** of this is shipped in 4.0 (see [Elicitation on the modern protocol](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)): a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` and reads the client's answers off `ctx.input_responses` / `ctx.request_state`, re-running each round. It mirrors the SDK's base guard model exactly — no FastMCP-invented DX, the framework owns `request_state` sealing, and returning this result on a handshake-era connection produces a clear era error.
 
 What remains is the declarative `Resolve(...)` layer that sits *on top of* that shipped primitive. It is designed, not built: a new `fastmcp.elicitation` module — `Resolve`, `Elicit`, and `ElicitationResult` — thin wrappers over the SDK's resolver, wired into FastMCP's own tool layer (FastMCP tools do not inherit the SDK's auto-resolver wiring). It would detect `Annotated[_, Resolve(...)]` parameters, build resolver plans, and return the SDK's `InputRequiredResult` instead of the tool body on the first round.
 
-Imperative `ctx.elicit` is **not** re-plumbed to survive the modern era. It works on the legacy eras through the session back-channel, and on `2026-07-28` foreground calls it is era-gated to raise a clear error (shipped in #4448) pointing at the guard form. The earlier plan to keep imperative `ctx.elicit` alive on modern connections through a background-task relay is dead twice over: the guard model shipped in its place, and the 2025 task machinery the relay depended on is slated for removal (see [Known Gaps](/development/v4-notes/known-gaps#the-xfail-register)).
+Imperative `ctx.elicit` is **not** re-plumbed to survive the modern era. It works on the legacy eras through the session back-channel, and on `2026-07-28` foreground calls it is era-gated to raise a clear error (shipped in #4448) pointing at the guard form. The earlier plan to keep imperative `ctx.elicit` alive on modern connections through a background-task relay is dead twice over: the guard model shipped in its place, and the 2025 task machinery the relay depended on is slated for removal (see [Known Gaps](known-gaps.md#the-xfail-register)).
 
 The intended declarative DX (sketch — the module does not exist yet):
 
@@ -100,7 +94,7 @@ The migration already routed `initialize` interception through the SDK's `Server
 
 The decision here was **compose, not wrap** (D16): rebuild `fastmcp.Client` on the SDK's high-level `mcp.Client` rather than wrapping `mcp.ClientSession`. The parts that compose cleanly have shipped. The rest is **blocked upstream on two counts**. First, `mcp.Client` constructs its `ClientSession` at a single hardcoded site with no injection hook, while FastMCP's `session_class` is load-bearing (`ProxyClient` substitutes a session that skips result validation so a backend's schema violation surfaces at the end client rather than becoming a proxy error) — a `session_factory=` hook on `mcp.Client`, the same shape as the `notification_bindings=` parameter added earlier, would solve this. Second, `mcp.Client.__aenter__` refuses reentry, but FastMCP's client is deliberately reentrant (its refcounted context manager exists to fix a proxy session-reuse deadlock), so the rebuild also needs the SDK client to tolerate reentrant entry. Both must land upstream before the full rebuild is possible; `session_factory=` alone is necessary but not sufficient.
 
-This workstream also owns the server-side statelessness design holes — `ctx.session_id` / `set_state` round-tripping and stateful-proxy affinity — since they turn on the same "what is a session without a session?" question. See [Statelessness on 2026-07-28](/development/v4-notes/known-gaps#statelessness-on-2026-07-28) for the full accounting.
+This workstream also owns the server-side statelessness design holes — `ctx.session_id` / `set_state` round-tripping and stateful-proxy affinity — since they turn on the same "what is a session without a session?" question. See [Statelessness on 2026-07-28](known-gaps.md#statelessness-on-2026-07-28) for the full accounting.
 
 ## Subscriptions, cache hints, extensions, OTel
 
@@ -109,7 +103,7 @@ This workstream also owns the server-side statelessness design holes — `ctx.se
 A cluster of protocol features tracked for v4. Their statuses have diverged:
 
 - **Cache hints — shipped (#4464).** Server-level authoring (`FastMCP(cache_ttl=..., cache_scope=...)`, SEP-2549) stamps every cacheable result, and the FastMCP client honors hints with an opt-in response cache.
-- **OpenTelemetry — shipped (#4481).** Spans are on by default (a no-op without an exporter), with SDK-aligned attributes and a `FASTMCP_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=false` off-switch.
+- **OpenTelemetry — shipped (#4481).** Spans are on by default (a no-op without an exporter), with SDK-aligned attributes and a `FASTMCP_TELEMETRY_MODE` setting (`native` / `propagation_only` / `off`).
 - **Extensions — client side shipped (#4572).** `Client(extensions=..., result_claims=...)` advertises opt-in client extensions (SEP-2133). The server side is a Designed workstream in its own right (see [FastMCP-native extension API](#fastmcp-native-extension-api)). The cross-era reconciliation of the `extensions` / MCP Apps capability advertisement is still open (the capability is stripped at pre-2026 negotiated versions — sdk-feedback #2).
 - **Subscriptions — not started.** A `subscriptions/listen` surface backed by a subscription bus.
 
@@ -121,7 +115,7 @@ MCP extensions (SEP-2133) are optional, capability-negotiated protocol features
 
 FastMCP already forwards `ClientExtension` natively (`Client(extensions=...)`, #4572). The **server** side does not use the SDK's `Extension` class at all: MCP Apps predates the abstraction, so FastMCP hand-splices the `ui` capability into `get_capabilities()` on the low-level server and walks tool metadata directly. That worked for one extension, but every new protocol extension currently means bespoke surgery on core.
 
-The Designed work is a FastMCP-native server extension API — a single registration point (`mcp.add_extension(...)`) that contributes a negotiated capability, request methods, and a `tools/call` interceptor, with access to FastMCP-level constructs the SDK's `Extension` withholds (the component registry, `Context`, auth scope). It is designed against the SEP-2663 tasks extension because tasks exercises the full surface — capability *and* methods *and* interception *and* client claims/notifications — where MCP Apps exercises only a subset. Tasks is the pathfinder; MCP Apps migrates onto the extension API as a fast-follow, deleting the hand-rolled splices, and confirms the design generalizes. The discriminator that keeps the extension API distinct from [middleware](/servers/middleware): an extension is a *negotiated contract change* the client must understand, where middleware is unilateral server behavior the client never sees. Delete a capability advertisement and nothing about the client changes — that is middleware, not an extension.
+The Designed work is a FastMCP-native server extension API — a single registration point (`mcp.add_extension(...)`) that contributes a negotiated capability, request methods, and a `tools/call` interceptor, with access to FastMCP-level constructs the SDK's `Extension` withholds (the component registry, `Context`, auth scope). It is designed against the SEP-2663 tasks extension because tasks exercises the full surface — capability *and* methods *and* interception *and* client claims/notifications — where MCP Apps exercises only a subset. Tasks is the pathfinder; MCP Apps migrates onto the extension API as a fast-follow, deleting the hand-rolled splices, and confirms the design generalizes. The discriminator that keeps the extension API distinct from [middleware](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/middleware): an extension is a *negotiated contract change* the client must understand, where middleware is unilateral server behavior the client never sees. Delete a capability advertisement and nothing about the client changes — that is middleware, not an extension.
 
 ## Background tasks (SEP-2663)
 
@@ -129,7 +123,7 @@ The Designed work is a FastMCP-native server extension API — a single registra
 
 Background tasks return to the modern era as `fastmcp-tasks`, an in-repo optional package rebuilt on the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension (SEP-2663, Final, merged upstream 2026-05-15). SEP-2663 supersedes SEP-1686 but keeps its polling core: a client that advertises the tasks capability issues an augmented `tools/call`; the server decides whether to run it as a task and returns a `CreateTaskResult` carrying a server-generated task id; the client polls `tasks/get` until terminal and reads the result inlined there. FastMCP's existing SEP-1686 wire layer is removed while the Docket/Redis execution engine underneath moves into `fastmcp-tasks` intact — the spec moved toward what FastMCP already built, so the rebuild is mostly deletion plus a thin wire adapter. `task=True` stays the authoring surface (gated by the `fastmcp[tasks]` extra and an explicit `mcp.add_extension(TasksExtension(...))`, the first consumer of the [extension API](#fastmcp-native-extension-api) above), so a server that already uses tasks needs no code change. Scope for v1 is polling-only and `tools/call`-only.
 
-The full design — wire delta, the engine/wire split, packaging, client experience, sequencing, risks, and the five resolved decisions — is on the dedicated [Background Tasks (SEP-2663)](/development/v4-notes/background-tasks) page.
+The full design — wire delta, the engine/wire split, packaging, client experience, sequencing, risks, and the five resolved decisions — is on the dedicated [Background Tasks (SEP-2663)](background-tasks.md) page.
 
 ## SDK delegation, round two
 
@@ -141,6 +135,6 @@ The real HTTP simplification is a v4 project, not this PR. FastMCP can collapse
 2. a user-middleware injection hook,
 3. a lifespan hook.
 
-The payoff is not only less code — FastMCP would also inherit the SDK's session-owner credential enforcement, a security gain it lacks today. These are the three upstream feature requests to file (alongside the advisory dossier described in [Known Gaps](/development/v4-notes/known-gaps)). Until they land, the four HTTP overrides in the [Change Register](/development/v4-notes/change-register#http) stay.
+The payoff is not only less code — FastMCP would also inherit the SDK's session-owner credential enforcement, a security gain it lacks today. These are the three upstream feature requests to file (alongside the advisory dossier described in [Known Gaps](known-gaps.md)). Until they land, the four HTTP overrides in the [Change Register](change-register.md#http) stay.
 
 One latent capability worth surfacing on FastMCP's side: `session_idle_timeout` is accepted by the manager but never set by `create_streamable_http_app` — a one-line plumb if FastMCP wants to expose it.

dev-docs/v4-notes/index.md

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ title: v4.0 Development Notes
 
 This directory is the working map of FastMCP v4.0: the complete register of user-facing changes from the MCP Python SDK v2 migration ([PR #4437](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4437)), plus the forward v4 feature program. It plays three roles at once.
 
-1. **A change register.** Every user-visible change from the migration, organized by subsystem, with a note on how FastMCP handles it (absorbed, bridged, breaking, or deprecated) and where to find it in the diff. This is the [Change Register](/development/v4-notes/change-register).
-2. **A feature program.** The forward v4 work — sampling removal, multi-round-trip elicitation, the first-class 2026 client, a FastMCP-native extension API, the SEP-2663 background-tasks rebuild, and the SDK-delegation round-two convergence — now a mix of shipped, designed, and pending. Multi-round-trip guard tools (#4544), the client's `mode="auto"` default with a partial SDK-composition (#4572/#4574, full composition blocked upstream), the extension API (#4602), and background tasks on SEP-2663 (#4603) have shipped; sampling removal and SDK delegation remain ahead. Each carries an explicit status in the [Feature Program](/development/v4-notes/feature-program). The shipped side — what a v4 deployment provides on the modern protocol today, including the complete server-side SEP-990 identity assertion implementation — is cataloged in [2026-07-28 Protocol Support](/development/v4-notes/protocol-2026).
-3. **A review lens.** Because the migration PR is too large to review line by line, the change register is organized so a reviewer can take one subsystem, read its claimed changes, and verify each against the diff. The [Known Gaps](/development/v4-notes/known-gaps) page collects the deliberate xfails and the upstream dependencies that gate the follow-up work.
+1. **A change register.** Every user-visible change from the migration, organized by subsystem, with a note on how FastMCP handles it (absorbed, bridged, breaking, or deprecated) and where to find it in the diff. This is the [Change Register](change-register.md).
+2. **A feature program.** The forward v4 work — sampling removal, multi-round-trip elicitation, the first-class 2026 client, a FastMCP-native extension API, the SEP-2663 background-tasks rebuild, and the SDK-delegation round-two convergence — now a mix of shipped, designed, and pending. Multi-round-trip guard tools (#4544), the client's `mode="auto"` default with a partial SDK-composition (#4572/#4574, full composition blocked upstream), the extension API (#4602), and background tasks on SEP-2663 (#4603) have shipped; sampling removal and SDK delegation remain ahead. Each carries an explicit status in the [Feature Program](feature-program.md). The shipped side — what a v4 deployment provides on the modern protocol today, including the complete server-side SEP-990 identity assertion implementation — is cataloged in [2026-07-28 Protocol Support](protocol-2026.md).
+3. **A review lens.** Because the migration PR is too large to review line by line, the change register is organized so a reviewer can take one subsystem, read its claimed changes, and verify each against the diff. The [Known Gaps](known-gaps.md) page collects the deliberate xfails and the upstream dependencies that gate the follow-up work.
 
 ## Why v4 exists
 
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ FastMCP v4.0 is an engine swap. Three forces drive the major version:
 
 **Protocol version 2026-07-28.** The SDK v2 serves multiple protocol eras from one server. Alongside the session-based handshake eras, it introduces the sessionless `2026-07-28` era, which discovers capabilities through `server/discover` and removes server-initiated requests (SEP-2577). This formally supersedes FastMCP's earlier "latest protocol only" stance: a single server now works with clients across the protocol transition.
 
-**Sampling removal.** The `2026-07-28` era removes the server's ability to push a request back to the client mid-call. That takes the push-shaped sampling API (`ctx.sample`, `ctx.sample_step`) off the table on modern connections. Rather than leave it half-working, v4 deprecates it now and removes it in the 4.0 release — a real architectural shift for servers that borrowed the client's model, and one that justifies the major bump.
+**Sampling and roots removed from the server API.** The `2026-07-28` era removes the server's ability to push a request back to the client mid-call, which takes `ctx.sample`, `ctx.sample_step`, and `ctx.list_roots` off the table. Rather than leave them half-working against old clients only, 4.0 removes them from the server API entirely — a real architectural shift for servers that borrowed the client's model, and one that justifies the major bump. Client-side handlers stay, because a modern client still has to answer a legacy server.
 
 ## Release strategy
 
 The migration merges to `main` and development continues there with subsequent PRs. Releases follow the SDK's own beta timeline:
 
-- **`main` carries the beta pins.** While the SDK is on `mcp==2.0.0b1` / `mcp-types==2.0.0b1`, `main` cuts **pre-releases** (`4.0.0b1`, `4.0.0b2`, …). No stable PyPI release goes out until `mcp 2.0.0` reaches GA — at which point the pins swap to the stable SDK and `4.0.0` ships. The pin-swap is a tracked checklist item on the [Known Gaps](/development/v4-notes/known-gaps) page.
+- **`main` carries the beta pins.** While the SDK is on `mcp==2.0.0b1` / `mcp-types==2.0.0b1`, `main` cuts **pre-releases** (`4.0.0b1`, `4.0.0b2`, …). No stable PyPI release goes out until `mcp 2.0.0` reaches GA — at which point the pins swap to the stable SDK and `4.0.0` ships. The pin-swap is a tracked checklist item on the [Known Gaps](known-gaps.md) page.
 - **`release/3.x` is the maintenance line.** A `release/3.x` branch is cut from pre-merge `main`. It stays on the SDK v1 line, receives upstream security patches, and serves users who cannot move to the SDK v2 beta yet.
 
 ### Release codenames
@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ Following the pun-title convention (`v<version>: <pun>`), the v4 line runs a sin
 
 ## How to read the register
 
-Each subsystem section in the [Change Register](/development/v4-notes/change-register) tags its changes with one of four dispositions:
+Each subsystem section in the [Change Register](change-register.md) tags its changes with one of four dispositions:
 
 - **Absorbed** — the SDK changed underneath, but FastMCP's public surface is identical. Nothing for users to do.
 - **Bridged** — a compatibility shim keeps old code working, usually with a `FastMCPDeprecationWarning`. Users should migrate but are not forced to.
 - **Breaking** — user code must change. These are the headline migration items.
 - **Deprecated** — still works, warns now, slated for removal in a later release.
 
-The user-facing summary of the migration lives in the published [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3) guide. These development notes are the exhaustive version behind it.
+The user-facing summary of the migration lives in the published [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3) guide. These development notes are the exhaustive version behind it.

dev-docs/v4-notes/known-gaps.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The migration ships with a set of deliberate gaps: temporary shims, xfailed test
 
 Roughly forty `xfail` markers across the test tree name the SDK gaps and removed protocol surfaces they wait on. Re-running the suite against a new SDK beta surfaces which have closed (a strict xfail that starts passing fails the suite, prompting removal of the marker). They cluster in three areas — but the largest cluster is no longer a set of gaps to close.
 
-**Task suite (`tests/server/tasks/`, `tests/client/tasks/`) — SEP-1686 wire layer being removed; engine rebuilt on SEP-2663.** The large majority. These cover the 2025 task protocol (SEP-1686), which left the core MCP spec and was reworked into the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension (SEP-2663). FastMCP's SEP-1686 *wire* machinery (capability advertisement, the `tasks/get|result|list|cancel` handlers, the push notification/elicitation relay) is slated for removal, so the wire-protocol xfails disappear with the code they cover — they are not waiting on an SDK fix. The Docket/Redis *execution engine* underneath is not discarded: it is extracted into the planned `fastmcp-tasks` package and re-adapted to the SEP-2663 polling shape (see [Background Tasks (SEP-2663)](/development/v4-notes/background-tasks)). The two SDK gaps these were originally filed against — **sdk-feedback #1** (SEP-1686 task result types omitted from the method registries) and **sdk-feedback #3** (no `task` field on `ReadResourceRequestParams` / `GetPromptRequestParams`) — are moot: they patched the SEP-1686 wire shape, which SEP-2663 replaces with a `CreateTaskResult` claimed on `tools/call`. The gap that matters for the rebuild is **sdk-feedback #2** (extensions capability stripped at pre-2026 negotiated versions) — it now gates a flagship feature and is escalated accordingly.
+**Task suite (`tests/server/tasks/`, `tests/client/tasks/`) — SEP-1686 wire layer being removed; engine rebuilt on SEP-2663.** The large majority. These cover the 2025 task protocol (SEP-1686), which left the core MCP spec and was reworked into the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension (SEP-2663). FastMCP's SEP-1686 *wire* machinery (capability advertisement, the `tasks/get|result|list|cancel` handlers, the push notification/elicitation relay) is slated for removal, so the wire-protocol xfails disappear with the code they cover — they are not waiting on an SDK fix. The Docket/Redis *execution engine* underneath is not discarded: it is extracted into the planned `fastmcp-tasks` package and re-adapted to the SEP-2663 polling shape (see [Background Tasks (SEP-2663)](background-tasks.md)). The two SDK gaps these were originally filed against — **sdk-feedback #1** (SEP-1686 task result types omitted from the method registries) and **sdk-feedback #3** (no `task` field on `ReadResourceRequestParams` / `GetPromptRequestParams`) — are moot: they patched the SEP-1686 wire shape, which SEP-2663 replaces with a `CreateTaskResult` claimed on `tools/call`. The gap that matters for the rebuild is **sdk-feedback #2** (extensions capability stripped at pre-2026 negotiated versions) — it now gates a flagship feature and is escalated accordingly.
 
 **Protocol eras (`tests/server/test_protocol_eras.py`).** One remaining strict xfail, and it too is task-related: the v2 SDK high-level client exposes no `task=` parameter on `call_tool`, so a SEP-1686 task-augmented `tools/call` cannot be submitted through it. It resolves with the SEP-1686 wire-layer removal above; the SEP-2663 rebuild submits tasks by advertising the extension capability and claiming a `CreateTaskResult`, not through a `task=` params field. The earlier strict xfail for the `ctx.elicit` / `ctx.sample` "Method not found" degradation (sdk-feedback #10) is **gone** — the era-gating shipped in #4448 flipped it to a passing test.
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ These work on `2026-07-28` today because they never leaned on a protocol session
 
 ### Design holes deferred to the multi-protocol workstream
 
-The remaining items are real holes, deferred to the [first-class 2026 client](/development/v4-notes/feature-program#first-class-2026-client) workstream because they all reduce to one unanswered question — *what is a session when the protocol has none?* The danger in each is that the code currently returns without erroring, which reads as "works" but is actually silent degradation. Again: these affect `2026-07-28` connections only; on the handshake eras every one of them behaves correctly.
+The remaining items are real holes, deferred to the [first-class 2026 client](feature-program.md#first-class-2026-client) workstream because they all reduce to one unanswered question — *what is a session when the protocol has none?* The danger in each is that the code currently returns without erroring, which reads as "works" but is actually silent degradation. Again: these affect `2026-07-28` connections only; on the handshake eras every one of them behaves correctly.
 
 - **`ctx.session_id` and `ctx.set_state` / `ctx.get_state` (broken even single-replica).** On a modern request `ctx.session_id` mints a fresh `uuid4`, cached on the per-request `connection.state` that is discarded when the request returns. So `ctx.set_state` and `ctx.get_state` silently never round-trip across requests — no error, just lost data. The open design decision is whether `session_id` should become `None` with `set_state` documented as session-era-only, or be re-based on an app-level key (the auth subject, or a client-supplied header).
 - **Task push and in-task input — resolved by the SEP-2663 design, not a statelessness hole.** This was previously framed as a hole because SEP-1686 leaned on a push back-channel (the notification/elicitation relay) that dies once the submitting request returns. SEP-2663 removes the dependency: in-task input is *poll-based* — the task enters `input_required`, surfaces its outstanding elicit/sample/roots requests in an `inputRequests` map on `tasks/get`, and the client answers via `tasks/update`. That round-trips through the durable store with no session affinity, so it is stateless-safe by construction. The SEP-1686 push relay (`server/tasks/elicitation.py`, `notifications.py`) is removed; the `fastmcp-tasks` rebuild implements the poll-based channel instead. Foreground (non-task) elicitation on 2026 remains the guard-mode `InputRequiredResult`.
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ FastMCP acts as an advisor to the SDK team. The migration produced a dossier of
 
 Filing is gated on maintainer approval of each issue text.
 
-Separately, the [SDK delegation round two](/development/v4-notes/feature-program#sdk-delegation-round-two) work depends on **three upstream feature requests** — per-session event-store scoping, a user-middleware injection hook, and a lifespan hook — that would let FastMCP collapse its HTTP builders onto the SDK's and inherit the SDK's session-owner credential enforcement.
+Separately, the [SDK delegation round two](feature-program.md#sdk-delegation-round-two) work depends on **three upstream feature requests** — per-session event-store scoping, a user-middleware injection hook, and a lifespan hook — that would let FastMCP collapse its HTTP builders onto the SDK's and inherit the SDK's session-owner credential enforcement.
 
 ## GA transition checklist
 

dev-docs/v4-notes/protocol-2026.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ auth = OAuthProxy(
 mcp = FastMCP("Internal API", auth=auth)
 ```
 
-Behind that one parameter, FastMCP performs the full SEP-990 §5.1 / RFC 7523 §3 processing: JWKS-based signature verification with automatic OIDC discovery of issuer keys, `typ`/`iss`/`aud`/`sub` validation, temporal checks (`exp`, `iat`, `nbf`, maximum assertion lifetime), enforcement of the assertion's signed `client_id` and `resource` bindings, `jti` replay rejection, scope derivation from the signed assertion (client requests can narrow but never widen), short-lived token issuance with no refresh token, and revocation tracking for the issued tokens. The asserted subject flows into the normal FastMCP auth context, so tools read it through `get_access_token()` like any other identity. See [Identity Assertion](/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#identity-assertion-sep-990) for the full documentation.
+Behind that one parameter, FastMCP performs the full SEP-990 §5.1 / RFC 7523 §3 processing: JWKS-based signature verification with automatic OIDC discovery of issuer keys, `typ`/`iss`/`aud`/`sub` validation, temporal checks (`exp`, `iat`, `nbf`, maximum assertion lifetime), enforcement of the assertion's signed `client_id` and `resource` bindings, `jti` replay rejection, scope derivation from the signed assertion (client requests can narrow but never widen), short-lived token issuance with no refresh token, and revocation tracking for the issued tokens. The asserted subject flows into the normal FastMCP auth context, so tools read it through `get_access_token()` like any other identity. See [Identity Assertion](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#identity-assertion-sep-990) for the full documentation.
 
 This slots into FastMCP's existing authorization-server stack — the OAuth proxy's dynamic client registration, the consent flow, and self-issued JWTs — which is what makes a one-parameter enterprise deployment possible.
 
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@ The complete picture of what a FastMCP v4 server and client provide on the `2026
 | **Distributed response caching** | `KeyValueResponseCacheStore` backs the client cache with any key-value store (Redis, memory, filetree), so a fleet of clients or proxy replicas shares cache fills across processes. |
 | **Resource path security** | Templated resource parameters are screened for traversal, absolute paths, and null bytes before handlers run — on by default, including provider-sourced and mounted templates. |
 | **Client protocol negotiation** | `Client(mode="auto")` — the default as of v4 — probes `server/discover` and falls back to the classic handshake; the client answers multi-round-trip `input_required` requests through its existing handlers. Pin `mode="legacy"` to force the handshake. |
-| **Elicitation on the modern protocol (SEP-2322)** | Tools request user input via multi-round trips: a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` and re-runs per round, reading the client's answers off `ctx.input_responses` / `ctx.request_state` (the [guard pattern](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)). Each round is a complete request→response cycle; the framework seals `request_state` on the wire and unseals it before the tool runs, and a shared-key `request_state_security` policy carries state across replicas. On handshake-era connections returning this result produces a clear era error. |
+| **Elicitation on the modern protocol (SEP-2322)** | Tools request user input via multi-round trips: a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` and re-runs per round, reading the client's answers off `ctx.input_responses` / `ctx.request_state` (the [guard pattern](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)). Each round is a complete request→response cycle; the framework seals `request_state` on the wire and unseals it before the tool runs, and a shared-key `request_state_security` policy carries state across replicas. On handshake-era connections returning this result produces a clear era error. |
 | **Spec-standard errors (SEP-2164)** | Missing-resource reads return `-32602`; push-feature calls on modern connections fail with clear era-specific errors rather than generic method-not-found. |
 | **Middleware** | Typed per-method hooks (`on_call_tool`, `on_list_tools`, …) and a suite of built-ins (auth, rate limiting, caching, error handling, logging, timing, and more). |
 | **Composition** | `mount()`, providers, proxying, and tool transforms compose servers dynamically at runtime, with lifespans and middleware driven through the SDK session manager. |
 | **Pagination** | Declarative `FastMCP(list_page_size=...)` paginates all list operations in the high-level server; the client auto-paginates with cycle detection. |
-| **Telemetry** | OpenTelemetry spans on by default (no-op without an exporter), SDK-aligned attributes (`mcp.method.name`, `mcp.protocol.version`, `gen_ai.*`), plus auth and provider-delegation spans; `FASTMCP_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=false` disables cleanly. |
-| **Background tasks (SEP-2663)** | `fastmcp-tasks` implements the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension end to end: `mcp.add_extension(TasksExtension())` plus `task=True` runs a tool as a background task, driven by the same Docket engine FastMCP 3 used. A client transparently completes a tasked call; gathering input mid-task uses the same guard pattern as foreground multi-round-trip tools, so a tool is written once and works either way. Modern-protocol only — the `task=True` runtime this replaced (SEP-1686) is gone entirely, not bridged. See [Background Tasks (SEP-2663)](/development/v4-notes/background-tasks) for the design and [servers/tasks](/servers/tasks) for usage. |
+| **Telemetry** | OpenTelemetry spans on by default (no-op without an exporter), SDK-aligned attributes (`mcp.method.name`, `mcp.protocol.version`, `gen_ai.*`), plus auth and provider-delegation spans; `FASTMCP_TELEMETRY_MODE` selects `native`, `propagation_only` (interop with an outer MCP instrumentation layer), or `off`. |
+| **Background tasks (SEP-2663)** | `fastmcp-tasks` implements the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension end to end: `mcp.add_extension(TasksExtension())` plus `task=True` runs a tool as a background task, driven by the same Docket engine FastMCP 3 used. A client transparently completes a tasked call; gathering input mid-task uses the same guard pattern as foreground multi-round-trip tools, so a tool is written once and works either way. Modern-protocol only — the `task=True` runtime this replaced (SEP-1686) is gone entirely, not bridged. See [Background Tasks (SEP-2663)](background-tasks.md) for the design and [servers/tasks](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/tasks) for usage. |
 
 ## Still in the program
 
-Elicitation on the modern protocol is now shipped in its **guard form** — a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` and re-runs per round to gather user input via multi-round trips (see [Elicitation on the modern protocol](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)). The declarative `Resolve(...)` layer over that primitive remains staged, tracked in the [Feature Program](/development/v4-notes/feature-program), along with the unified `subscriptions/listen` stream. The [Known Gaps](/development/v4-notes/known-gaps) page tracks the upstream dependencies that gate them.
+Elicitation on the modern protocol is now shipped in its **guard form** — a tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` and re-runs per round to gather user input via multi-round trips (see [Elicitation on the modern protocol](https://gofastmcp.com/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)). The declarative `Resolve(...)` layer over that primitive remains staged, tracked in the [Feature Program](feature-program.md), along with the unified `subscriptions/listen` stream. The [Known Gaps](known-gaps.md) page tracks the upstream dependencies that gate them.

docs/apps/architecture.mdx

@@ -61,17 +61,43 @@ The final tool result has two parts: `content` (a list of `TextContent` blocks f
 
 ## Tool call routing
 
-Normal tool calls go through the provider chain, which applies transforms (namespace prefixes, visibility filters) before resolving by name. App UI calls need a different path.
+A tool has two things that behave very differently. Its **name** is unstable by design — namespace transforms rename it, so `save_contact` becomes `contacts_save_contact` in one composition and something else in another. Its **identity** is a hash of the app name and the registered tool name, written once at registration and never changed.
 
-### The hashed lookup bypass
+A UI is serialized during the entry tool's call, deep inside whatever composition the server happens to have, so it cannot know what its backend tools will be called by the time the payload reaches a host.
 
-Backend tools are typically hidden from the model (`visibility=["app"]`). Visibility transforms would filter them out of normal resolution. And namespace transforms might rename them — `save_contact` becomes `contacts_save_contact` — while the renderer needs a stable way to call the original backend.
+### Late-bound tool names
 
-Hashed lookup solves both problems. FastMCP first tries normal tool resolution. If no visible tool matches and the requested name looks like `<hash>_<local_name>`, FastMCP calls `get_tool_by_hash(hash, local_name)`. That lookup walks the provider tree directly, skipping transforms. It finds an app-visible tool by its original registered name and verifies that its stored `meta["fastmcp"]["_tool_hash"]` matches the requested hash.
+The payload leaves the app addressed by identity, and every FastMCP server rewrites those references on the way out to whatever it lists that tool as. Servers unwind innermost-first, so the outermost server rewrites last — and its names are the only ones a client can actually invoke.
 
-That's why `CallTool(save_contact)` keeps working when the server is mounted under a namespace. The renderer sends a deterministic hashed backend name; the server uses `get_tool_by_hash` to find the original tool without transforms in the way.
+Rewriting a name in place would destroy the identity for the next layer up, so the payload carries a name-to-identity map under `_meta.fastmcp.toolNames`. Each layer resolves through the map and updates it. The action objects keep the exact shape `prefab_ui` defines: only the value of `tool` changes, and only ever to another valid tool name.
 
-Authorization still applies. The hashed bypass skips name and visibility transforms, but auth checks still run against the tool's `auth` config before execution.
+The result is that a renderer receives names that exist in the listing the host is looking at. Under three layers of namespacing the button calls `c_b_a_save`; behind a gateway it calls whatever the gateway lists. No intermediary has to understand a FastMCP-specific convention.
+
+A reference this server cannot resolve is left alone rather than corrupted. This is what keeps apps working behind [tool search](/servers/transforms/tool-search) and code mode, which replace `tools/list` with a handful of synthetic tools: there is no better name to bind to, so the reference stays identity-addressed and the fallback below carries it.
+
+### One copy of an app per server
+
+**An app name must be unique within a server.** Composing the same app twice breaks its UI, and no namespace or mount arrangement makes it work.
+
+The reason is structural. Identity is derived from the app name and the tool's registered name, and deliberately nothing else — that is what makes it survive renaming. Two copies of one app therefore produce two tools claiming a single identity, and no fact anywhere in the listing says which copy a given button belongs to. The information needed to choose was never recorded.
+
+FastMCP declines to bind rather than picking a copy, so buttons stop working instead of quietly invoking the wrong tenant's tool. Expect a message naming the cause:
+
+```
+Ambiguous app tool 'save': 2 components share the identity '10c0803009ff'.
+The same app is composed more than once, so this call cannot be routed to a
+single tool.
+```
+
+Give each copy its own app name. Two tenants running the same product want `FastMCPApp("contacts-acme")` and `FastMCPApp("contacts-globex")` — not two instances of `FastMCPApp("contacts")` under different namespaces, since namespaces rename tools and identity is immune to renaming by design.
+
+### The hashed lookup fallback
+
+The identity-addressed form `<hash>_<local_name>` remains callable. FastMCP first tries normal tool resolution; if no tool matches and the name has that shape, it calls `get_tool_by_hash(hash, local_name)`, which walks the provider tree directly, skipping transforms.
+
+When one identity is claimed by more than one tool — which happens when the same app is composed into two branches — the call is refused rather than resolved, since picking either one would silently route into the wrong branch.
+
+Authorization still applies. The hashed path skips name and visibility transforms, but auth checks still run against the tool's `auth` config before execution.
 
 ### Provider delegation
 

docs/apps/fastmcp-app.mdx

@@ -89,7 +89,11 @@ A fair question. Any [Interactive Tool](/apps/prefab) can call a server tool —
 - What happens to `CallTool("add_note")` when you mount this server under a namespace and the tool becomes `notes_add_note`?
 - How do you keep it all wired correctly as you compose servers?
 
-`FastMCPApp` owns these concerns. Entry points register as model-visible. Backend tools register as UI-only by default. Backend tools get globally stable identifiers that survive namespacing, and `CallTool` accepts function references, so references stay valid when you compose servers.
+`FastMCPApp` owns these concerns. Entry points register as model-visible, backend tools register as UI-only, and hosts act on those declarations to decide what the model sees.
+
+Composition is handled by never writing the name down. `CallTool` takes a function reference, and FastMCP resolves it when the UI is serialized — to whatever that tool is actually called by then. Mount the server under a namespace and the button calls `notes_add_note`; put a gateway in front and it calls whatever the gateway lists. Since you never wrote a name, renaming cannot break it. [The architecture page](/apps/architecture) covers how that resolution works.
+
+The one rule that comes with this: **an app name must be unique within a server.** Composing the same app twice breaks its UI — two copies of `FastMCPApp("notes")` are indistinguishable no matter what namespaces you mount them under, so FastMCP declines to bind rather than picking one. Name apps for what they serve: `FastMCPApp("notes-acme")` and `FastMCPApp("notes-globex")`. [The architecture page](/apps/architecture) explains why identity works this way.
 
 The rest of this page covers each piece in turn.
 

docs/apps/low-level.mdx

@@ -70,11 +70,15 @@ def my_tool() -> str:
 The `visibility` field controls where a tool appears:
 
 - `["model"]` — visible to the LLM (the default behavior)
-- `["app"]` — only callable from within the app UI, hidden from the LLM
+- `["app"]` — callable from within the app UI, kept out of the LLM's tool list
 - `["model", "app"]` — both
 
 This is useful when you have tools that only make sense as part of the app's interactive flow, not as standalone LLM actions.
 
+Visibility is a declaration, and on `tools/list` the host does the filtering — the division the MCP Apps specification defines. Every tool is advertised carrying its `visibility` metadata, which is also what lets a proxy or gateway forward it: an intermediary can only route to a tool it can see.
+
+That division assumes a host stands between the server and the model. Where one doesn't, FastMCP applies the declaration itself. [Tool search](/servers/transforms/tool-search) and code mode reach the model as ordinary tool output rather than as an advertised listing, and their call-tool proxies execute a name the model supplies — nothing downstream can filter either, so app-only tools are excluded from both. The app's own UI still reaches its backends, because a UI calling by identity is not the model.
+
 ```python
 @mcp.tool(
     app=AppConfig(
@@ -216,7 +220,7 @@ import qrcode
 from fastmcp import FastMCP
 from fastmcp.apps import AppConfig, ResourceCSP
 from fastmcp.tools import ToolResult
-from mcp_types import ImageContent
+from mcp.types import ImageContent
 
 mcp = FastMCP("QR Code Server")
 

docs/apps/providers/file-upload.mdx

@@ -59,16 +59,24 @@ This works with **stdio**, **SSE**, and **stateful HTTP** transports, where sess
 In **stateless HTTP** mode, each request creates a new session object with a new ID. Files stored during one request (e.g. the UI upload) will be invisible to the next request (e.g. the LLM calling `list_files`). You **must** override `_get_scope_key` to use a stable identifier like a user ID from your auth token.
 </Warning>
 
-For stateless deployments, override `_get_scope_key` to return a stable identifier. For example, to scope files by authenticated user:
+For stateless deployments, override `_get_scope_key` to return a stable identifier. To scope files by authenticated user, read the caller from `get_access_token()`.
+
+Reject the request when there is no subject to key on. `get_access_token()` returns `None` on an unauthenticated request, and `subject` is optional even on a valid token, since not every verifier populates it. Returning a fallback in either case would put every such caller in one shared bucket, so they would see each other's uploads.
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp.apps.file_upload import FileUpload
+from fastmcp.server.dependencies import get_access_token
 
 class UserScopedUpload(FileUpload):
     def _get_scope_key(self, ctx):
-        return ctx.access_token["sub"]
+        token = get_access_token()
+        if token is None or not token.subject:
+            raise ValueError("File scoping requires an authenticated user with a subject")
+        return token.subject
 ```
 
+If your provider carries the user identity in a different claim, read it from `token.claims` and validate it the same way.
+
 For process-wide shared storage (all users see all files):
 
 ```python
@@ -85,10 +93,17 @@ The default implementation stores files in memory for the lifetime of the server
 import base64
 
 from fastmcp.apps.file_upload import FileUpload
+from fastmcp.server.dependencies import get_access_token
 
 class S3Upload(FileUpload):
+    def _get_scope_key(self, ctx):
+        token = get_access_token()
+        if token is None or not token.subject:
+            raise ValueError("File scoping requires an authenticated user with a subject")
+        return token.subject
+
     def on_store(self, files, ctx):
-        user_id = ctx.access_token["sub"]
+        user_id = self._get_scope_key(ctx)
         for f in files:
             s3.put_object(
                 Bucket="uploads",
@@ -98,7 +113,7 @@ class S3Upload(FileUpload):
         return self.on_list(ctx)
 
     def on_list(self, ctx):
-        user_id = ctx.access_token["sub"]
+        user_id = self._get_scope_key(ctx)
         objects = s3.list_objects(Bucket="uploads", Prefix=f"{user_id}/")
         return [
             {
@@ -112,7 +127,7 @@ class S3Upload(FileUpload):
         ]
 
     def on_read(self, name, ctx):
-        user_id = ctx.access_token["sub"]
+        user_id = self._get_scope_key(ctx)
         obj = s3.get_object(Bucket="uploads", Key=f"{user_id}/{name}")
         content = obj["Body"].read()
         return {

docs/changelog.mdx

@@ -5,6 +5,218 @@ rss: true
 tag: NEW
 ---
 
+<Update label="v3.4.6" description="2026-08-05">
+
+**[v3.4.6: Trust, but Proxy](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/releases/tag/v3.4.6)**
+
+FastMCP 3.4.6 backports trusted-proxy support for SSRF-protected OAuth metadata and JWKS fetches. Deployments can now route these requests through a mandated corporate proxy while preserving custom CA certificates; FastMCP refuses the fetch when no proxy is configured instead of risking an unprotected direct request.
+
+### Fixes 🐞
+* Backport #4412 to 3.x: support trusted SSRF proxies by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4755](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4755)
+
+### Docs 📚
+* Docs: add v3.4.6 changelog entries by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4761](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4761)
+
+**Full Changelog**: [v3.4.5...v3.4.6](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/compare/v3.4.5...v3.4.6)
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="v4.0.0b1" description="2026-07-28">
+
+**[v4.0.0b1: Fourgone Conclusion](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/releases/tag/v4.0.0b1)**
+
+FastMCP 4 makes stateful MCP applications work on the sessionless `2026-07-28` protocol while one deployment continues serving handshake-era clients. Tools can ask follow-up questions across requests, preserve authenticated user state, and move long-running work into background tasks without sticky sessions. Protocol extensions and enterprise identity become first-class surfaces, and most FastMCP 3 servers upgrade unchanged even though MCP Python SDK v2 rewrote the engine underneath them. Server-initiated sampling and roots are removed from the server API; the [upgrade guide](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3) covers their replacements.
+
+### New Features 🎉
+* Migrate to MCP Python SDK v2 by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4437](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4437)
+* Teach fastmcp.Client the modern protocol: mode negotiation, MRTR driver, response cache by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4450](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4450)
+* Forward-port Hugging Face auth provider by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4475](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4475)
+* Add server-side identity assertion (SEP-990 ID-JAG) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4483](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4483)
+* Add guard-mode multi-round-trip tools (SEP-2322) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4544](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4544)
+* Add FastMCP-native server extension API (SEP-2133) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4602](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4602)
+* Add stateless session state (UserSession / SessionId) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4604](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4604)
+* Add background tasks via the io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks extension (SEP-2663) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4603](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4603)
+### Breaking Changes ⚠️
+* Emit one SERVER span per request and adopt spec-correct error codes by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4445](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4445)
+* Remove 3.x deprecated module shims and dead parameters by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4447](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4447)
+* Remove 3.0-deprecated FastMCP server methods by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4451](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4451)
+* Remove 3.x deprecated parameters and object-mode decorators by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4453](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4453)
+* Migrate to MCP SDK v2.0.0b2 (httpx2) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4503](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4503)
+* Fix typos by [@szepeviktor](https://github.com/szepeviktor) in [#4498](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4498)
+* Stop proxies from validating backend results or mutating shared transports by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4552](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4552)
+* Surface resource, prompt, and proxy errors on the modern protocol by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4579](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4579)
+* Negotiate the best mutual protocol era by default by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4572](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4572)
+* Remove server-initiated sampling and roots from the server API by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4648](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4648)
+* Remove 3.x-era compatibility shims by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4661](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4661)
+### Enhancements ✨
+* Deprecate ctx.sample and add clear errors for push features on 2026 connections by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4448](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4448)
+* Add server-level cache hints (SEP-2549) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4464](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4464)
+* Add KeyValueResponseCacheStore for distributed client response caching by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4479](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4479)
+* Test lifespan fires once per process over HTTP by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4480](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4480)
+* Add telemetry off-switch and mcp.protocol.version span attribute by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4481](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4481)
+* Trace client task management requests by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4525](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4525)
+* Stabilize upgraded ty checks by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4526](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4526)
+* Improve DescopeProvider scope discovery and well-known URL support by [@gaokevin1](https://github.com/gaokevin1) in [#4489](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4489)
+* Add examples/ to the ty static-analysis gate by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4466](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4466)
+* Expose telemetry attributes on span start by [@zzstoatzz](https://github.com/zzstoatzz) in [#4487](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4487)
+* Fix-issue-4284 : Add Auth0MCPProvider for Auth0 Auth for MCP by [@vijaydeepsinha](https://github.com/vijaydeepsinha) in [#4411](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4411)
+* Run FastMCP middleware for every inbound message by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4553](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4553)
+* Add 'prs welcome' label to waive the PR assignment gate by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4557](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4557)
+* Rename martian workflows to marvin by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4558](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4558)
+* Bump pinned Claude models to current versions by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4561](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4561)
+* Make the unit suite fast: in-process HTTP tests, no real sleeps, parallel Windows CI by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4554](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4554)
+* Mirror the frontend's protocol era on a proxy's backend connection by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4573](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4573)
+* Drop forked client protocol helpers in favor of the SDK's by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4574](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4574)
+* Bring the v4 developer notes up to date with what shipped by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4581](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4581)
+* Trim fastmcp.types to FastMCP-unique types by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4584](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4584)
+* Let a server answer argument-completion requests by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4582](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4582)
+* Add machine-to-machine client authentication by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4583](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4583)
+* Expose era-neutral client server metadata by [@zzstoatzz](https://github.com/zzstoatzz) in [#4599](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4599)
+* Support routable transport headers for gateways (SEP-2243) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4622](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4622)
+* Emit scope step-up challenges for incremental authorization (SEP-2350) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4623](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4623)
+* Honor OAuth application_type in DCR (SEP-837) by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4621](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4621)
+* Drop stale label-noting instructions from CLAUDE.md by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4654](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4654)
+* Add require_roles auth check by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4656](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4656)
+* Add `valid_scopes` parameter to OIDC proxy valid scopes by [@Educg550](https://github.com/Educg550) in [#4660](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4660)
+* feat: Add telemetry interop mode for FastMCP by [@strawgate](https://github.com/strawgate) in [#4046](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4046)
+* Note that review comment threads should get an acknowledgement by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4678](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4678)
+* Soften the review-comment reply guidance by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4683](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4683)
+* Resolve review threads on fix, reply on decline by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4685](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4685)
+* Move to the stable MCP Python SDK 2.0.0 by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4655](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4655)
+### Security 🔒
+* Drive the FastMCP lifespan through the SDK session manager by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4446](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4446)
+* Route skill file access through SDK path-security primitives by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4449](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4449)
+* Screen templated resource parameters for path traversal by default by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4482](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4482)
+* [codex] Add OAuthProxy RFC 9207 issuer responses by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4438](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4438)
+* Apply app visibility where no host can by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4692](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4692)
+### Fixes 🐞
+* Capture SharedContext for task-enabled Docket servers by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4443](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4443)
+* Fix stale mcp.types imports in examples by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4452](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4452)
+* Forward-port HTTP host guard compatibility by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4474](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4474)
+* Fix Azure scope fallback by [@zzstoatzz](https://github.com/zzstoatzz) in [#4469](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4469)
+* fix(server): omit ScalarElicitationType wrapper title from elicitation schemas by [@syf2211](https://github.com/syf2211) in [#4502](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4502)
+* Skip unsupported JWKS keys instead of failing the whole key set (#4515) by [@earfman](https://github.com/earfman) in [#4517](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4517)
+* Don't mutate the caller's schema in compress_schema by [@winklemad](https://github.com/winklemad) in [#4492](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4492)
+* Forward upstream instructions through create_proxy by [@verdie-g](https://github.com/verdie-g) in [#4512](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4512)
+* Serialize deep object query parameters by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4523](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4523)
+* Reject positional-only tool parameters by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4524](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4524)
+* Clarify PR-reopen flow and fix label-race that broke auto-reopen by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4518](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4518)
+* Clean up disconnected task sessions by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4519](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4519)
+* Handle expired OAuth client registrations by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4520](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4520)
+* Fix OAuth request annotation after httpx2 migration by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4534](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4534)
+* Fix docs banner contrast by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4522](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4522)
+* Preserve component metadata in response cache by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4521](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4521)
+* Clean up task sessions on connection exit by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4535](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4535)
+* Include scopes in auth challenges by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4527](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4527)
+* Make examples/ actually trigger the ty gate by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4541](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4541)
+* Add subject field to AccessToken initialization by [@piaudonn](https://github.com/piaudonn) in [#4267](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4267)
+* Restore Mintlify's fixed banner positioning by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4542](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4542)
+* Fix #4292: SSRF guard breaks OAuth/JWKS fetches behind a corporate HTTP proxy by [@endofcake](https://github.com/endofcake) in [#4412](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4412)
+* Preserve telemetry attributes when a sampler does not forward them by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4539](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4539)
+* Speed up the unit test suite, and fix the task-notification race it surfaced by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4550](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4550)
+* Fix label triage applying no labels, and make blocked tool calls fail by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4555](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4555)
+* Fix AI workflow allowlists being destroyed by tokenization by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4560](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4560)
+* Make transformed tool `required` order deterministic by [@Kludex](https://github.com/Kludex) in [#4564](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4564)
+* Stop gather() from creating coroutines it may never schedule by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4559](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4559)
+* Restore upgraded dependency checks by [@zzstoatzz](https://github.com/zzstoatzz) in [#4576](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4576)
+* Fix skill frontmatter parsing with UTF-8 BOM by [@hxaxd](https://github.com/hxaxd) in [#4533](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4533)
+* Fix File helper extension handling by [@VectorPeak](https://github.com/VectorPeak) in [#4531](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4531)
+* Fix percent-encoded skill file names unreadable in resources mode by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4590](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4590)
+* Fix flaky stdio crash-recovery tests by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4594](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4594)
+* Bridge camelCase ToolAnnotations reads by [@zzstoatzz](https://github.com/zzstoatzz) in [#4597](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4597)
+* Preserve raw CallToolResult tool returns by [@LarryHu0217](https://github.com/LarryHu0217) in [#4587](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4587)
+* Advertise only supported token endpoint auth methods in OAuthProxy metadata by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4608](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4608)
+* Fix OAuth proxy override typing by [@zzstoatzz](https://github.com/zzstoatzz) in [#4612](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4612)
+* Pin burner-redis below the Windows-crashing 0.1.7 release by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4618](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4618)
+* fix : canonical mime type mapping from formats to remove inconsistency #4627 by [@Aman071106](https://github.com/Aman071106) in [#4628](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4628)
+* fix: accept callable roots handlers by [@ShuyingZhang](https://github.com/ShuyingZhang) in [#4639](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4639)
+* Pass the MCP conformance suite's draft and pending scenarios by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4650](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4650)
+* Use issuer_url for OAuth issuer identity by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4652](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4652)
+* Fix the ty failure blocking upgrade checks on main by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4657](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4657)
+* Bind CIMD assertion audience to the advertised token endpoint by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4659](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4659)
+* Record effective scopes on the OAuth transaction by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4670](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4670)
+* Copy schemas iteratively so deep nesting still compresses by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4671](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4671)
+* Fix OpenAPI allOf reference fields by [@hxaxd](https://github.com/hxaxd) in [#4653](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4653)
+* Flatten OpenAPI discriminator subtypes into request bodies by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4677](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4677)
+* Let maintenance releases publish without fastmcp-tasks by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4676](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4676)
+* Read CLI-scanned MCP config files as UTF-8 explicitly by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4690](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4690)
+* Late-bind app tool names so UIs survive composition by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4682](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4682)
+### Docs 📚
+* Docs: forward-port v3.4.4 changelog entries by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4476](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4476)
+* Document icon theme support by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4537](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4537)
+* Add missing 4.0.0 version badge to Path Security docs by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4540](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4540)
+* Align server component docs by [@strawgate](https://github.com/strawgate) in [#4260](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4260)
+* Align CLI, deployment, and config docs by [@strawgate](https://github.com/strawgate) in [#4259](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4259)
+* Align client, Apps, and integration docs by [@strawgate](https://github.com/strawgate) in [#4261](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4261)
+* Fix stale MRTR/elicitation framing in client and upgrade docs by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4551](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4551)
+* docs: quote pip extras install examples by [@RachGranville](https://github.com/RachGranville) in [#4568](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4568)
+* Document Windows CI parallelism and the subprocess_heavy marker by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4575](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4575)
+* Document v3->v4 removals and add upgrade-reality tests by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4585](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4585)
+* Archive v3 docs and publish v4 as the primary version by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4613](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4613)
+* Document targeted v4 prerelease installation by [@zzstoatzz](https://github.com/zzstoatzz) in [#4598](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4598)
+* Fix stale Mac/Windows-vs-Linux OAuth key/storage docs by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4617](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4617)
+* v4 docs quality pass: stale task/era claims, broken links, polish by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4619](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4619)
+* whats-new: add the argument completion capability by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4620](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4620)
+* docs: fix ProxyProvider docstring example calling nonexistent with_namespace() by [@andrew-stelmach-fleet](https://github.com/andrew-stelmach-fleet) in [#4633](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4633)
+* Unpublish v4 development notes; prep docs for beta 1 by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4644](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4644)
+* Expand the FAQ for the v4 transition by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4649](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4649)
+* Document the issuer_url identity change for upgraders by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4658](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4658)
+* Cover require_roles in the v4 highlights by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4666](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4666)
+* Fix FAQ: sampling/roots/elicitation legacy-mode advice, SessionProvider registration by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4672](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4672)
+* Audit v4 docs: fix missing version badges, fill whats-new gaps by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4668](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4668)
+* Docs: add v3.4.5 changelog entries to main by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4674](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4674)
+* Split the SDK upgrade guides by SDK version by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4684](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4684)
+### Dependencies 📦
+* chore(deps): bump mcp from 1.26.0 to 1.27.2 in /examples/testing_demo in the uv group across 1 directory by [@dependabot](https://github.com/apps/dependabot) in [#4514](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4514)
+* chore(deps): bump actions/setup-node from 6 to 7 by [@dependabot](https://github.com/apps/dependabot) in [#4546](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4546)
+* Bump actions/upload-artifact from 4 to 7 by [@dependabot](https://github.com/apps/dependabot) in [#4640](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4640)
+* Bump actions/setup-python from 6 to 7 by [@dependabot](https://github.com/apps/dependabot) in [#4641](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4641)
+* chore(deps): bump mcp from 1.27.2 to 1.28.1 in /examples/testing_demo in the uv group across 1 directory by [@dependabot](https://github.com/apps/dependabot) in [#4614](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4614)
+### Other Changes 🦾
+* Test: HTTP lifespan fires once per process across sessions by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4470](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4470)
+## New Contributors
+* @syf2211 made their first contribution in [#4502](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4502)
+* @earfman made their first contribution in [#4517](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4517)
+* @winklemad made their first contribution in [#4492](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4492)
+* @verdie-g made their first contribution in [#4512](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4512)
+* @vijaydeepsinha made their first contribution in [#4411](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4411)
+* @piaudonn made their first contribution in [#4267](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4267)
+* @szepeviktor made their first contribution in [#4498](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4498)
+* @endofcake made their first contribution in [#4412](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4412)
+* @Kludex made their first contribution in [#4564](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4564)
+* @RachGranville made their first contribution in [#4568](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4568)
+* @hxaxd made their first contribution in [#4533](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4533)
+* @VectorPeak made their first contribution in [#4531](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4531)
+* @LarryHu0217 made their first contribution in [#4587](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4587)
+* @andrew-stelmach-fleet made their first contribution in [#4633](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4633)
+* @Aman071106 made their first contribution in [#4628](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4628)
+* @ShuyingZhang made their first contribution in [#4639](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4639)
+* @Educg550 made their first contribution in [#4660](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4660)
+
+**Full Changelog**: [v3.4.5...v4.0.0b1](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/compare/v3.4.5...v4.0.0b1)
+
+</Update>
+
+<Update label="v3.4.5" description="2026-07-27">
+
+**[v3.4.5: Key Change](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/releases/tag/v3.4.5)**
+
+FastMCP 3.4.5 collects five fixes for the 3.x line, led by `JWTVerifier` no longer rejecting every token when an authorization server publishes an unrecognized key type such as Ed25519.
+
+### Fixes 🐞
+* Backport #4517 to release/3.x: skip unsupported JWKS keys (#4515) by [@kakiii](https://github.com/kakiii) in [#4631](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4631)
+* Backport #4469 to release/3.x: fix Azure scope fallback by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4662](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4662)
+* Backport #4523 to release/3.x: serialize deep object query parameters by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4664](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4664)
+* Backport #4564 to release/3.x: make transformed tool required order deterministic by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4665](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4665)
+* Backport #4492 to release/3.x: don't mutate the caller's schema in compress_schema by [@jlowin](https://github.com/jlowin) in [#4663](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4663)
+
+## New Contributors
+* @kakiii made their first contribution in [#4631](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/pull/4631)
+
+**Full Changelog**: [v3.4.4...v3.4.5](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/compare/v3.4.4...v3.4.5)
+
+</Update>
+
 <Update label="v3.4.4" description="2026-07-08">
 
 **[v3.4.4: Host in Translation](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/releases/tag/v3.4.4)**

docs/cli/overview.mdx

@@ -89,10 +89,10 @@ To skip authentication entirely — useful for local development servers — pas
 fastmcp call http://localhost:8000/mcp my_tool --auth none
 ```
 
-You can also pass a bearer token directly:
+You can also pass a bearer token directly. Give the token value on its own; FastMCP adds the `Bearer` prefix when it builds the `Authorization` header.
 
 ```bash
-fastmcp list http://localhost:8000/mcp --auth "Bearer sk-..."
+fastmcp list http://localhost:8000/mcp --auth "sk-..."
 ```
 
 ## Transport Override

docs/clients/client.mdx

@@ -144,12 +144,12 @@ async with Client(mcp) as client:
     print(f"Capabilities: {client.server_capabilities.tools}")
 ```
 
-For advanced scenarios where you need precise control over when initialization happens, disable automatic initialization and call `initialize()` manually:
+For advanced scenarios where you need precise control over when initialization happens, disable automatic initialization and call `initialize()` manually. `initialize()` is a handshake-era operation, so pin the connection with `mode="legacy"`: the modern protocol has no `initialize` round trip, and calling it on a modern connection raises.
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import Client
 
-client = Client("my_mcp_server.py", auto_initialize=False)
+client = Client("my_mcp_server.py", auto_initialize=False, mode="legacy")
 
 async with client:
     # Connection established, but not initialized yet
@@ -185,16 +185,11 @@ Set `mode="legacy"` to force the initialize handshake. This behaves identically
 client = Client("https://example.com/mcp", mode="legacy")
 ```
 
-Legacy mode is also what you need for the capabilities that depend on a live session between client and server. The handshake opens a persistent back-channel the server can push requests down, and the modern era removed it. Pin `mode="legacy"` when your code relies on any of these:
-
-- **[Sampling](/clients/sampling)** — server-initiated LLM completion requests
-- **[Roots](/clients/roots)** — server-initiated requests for the client's roots
-- **[Elicitation](/clients/elicitation)** — server-initiated requests for user input, which modern connections replace with [input-required rounds](/clients/elicitation#input-required-rounds)
-- `client.ping()` and `transport.get_session_id()`
+Legacy mode is also what carries the *pushed* form of a server's requests. The handshake opens a persistent back-channel down which a server can send a sampling, roots, or elicitation request mid-call, and the modern era removed it. Your handlers are unaffected by that: a [sampling](/clients/sampling), [roots](/clients/roots), or [elicitation](/clients/elicitation) handler you register answers a modern server's [input-required rounds](/clients/elicitation#input-required-rounds) from the same registration. Pin `mode="legacy"` when you connect to a server that pushes, or when your code calls `client.ping()` or `transport.get_session_id()`, which need the session the modern era does not open.
 
 Conversely, [background tasks](/clients/tasks) are **modern-only**: the tasks capability is negotiated over `2026-07-28` connections, so `mode="legacy"` never triggers one and a task-enabled tool just runs synchronously.
 
-A FastMCP server serves both eras, so a default client negotiates the modern one and these raise an era-specific error. Pinning the handshake restores them.
+A FastMCP server serves both eras, so a default client negotiates the modern one and the session-dependent calls raise an era-specific error there. Pinning the handshake restores them.
 
 You can also pin a specific modern protocol version to adopt it directly, without a discovery probe:
 
@@ -224,7 +219,7 @@ The SSE transport is legacy-only — it cannot carry the sessionless modern era
 
 <VersionBadge version="4.0.0" />
 
-The client can cache the results of `list_tools`, `list_resources`, `list_prompts`, and `read_resource` so that repeated calls avoid a network round-trip. Caching is opt-in and honors the server's own cache hints, so it only takes effect against modern-era servers that advertise them — a cache is inert on a legacy connection.
+The client can cache the results of `list_tools`, `list_resources`, and `list_prompts` so that repeated calls avoid a network round-trip. Caching is opt-in and honors the server's own cache hints, so it only takes effect against modern-era servers that advertise them — a cache is inert on a legacy connection.
 
 Enable the default in-memory cache by passing `cache=True`. It respects the `ttlMs` and `cacheScope` hints the server attaches to each response.
 
@@ -248,7 +243,7 @@ config = CacheConfig(target_id="weather-api", default_ttl_ms=60_000)
 client = Client("https://example.com/mcp", mode="auto", cache=config)
 ```
 
-The high-level `list_tools`, `list_resources`, `list_prompts`, and `read_resource` methods always use the cache when one is configured. To override the behavior for a single call, use the lower-level `*_mcp` variants, which accept a `cache_mode` argument: `"use"` (the default) serves and stores, `"refresh"` stores a fresh result without serving a cached one, and `"bypass"` skips the cache entirely.
+The high-level `list_tools`, `list_resources`, and `list_prompts` methods always use the cache when one is configured. To override the behavior for a single call, use the lower-level `list_tools_mcp`, `list_resources_mcp`, `list_resource_templates_mcp`, and `list_prompts_mcp` variants, which accept a `cache_mode` argument: `"use"` (the default) serves and stores, `"refresh"` stores a fresh result without serving a cached one, and `"bypass"` skips the cache entirely.
 
 ```python
 async with client:
@@ -342,7 +337,7 @@ See [Prompts](/clients/prompts) for detailed documentation including argument se
 
 The client supports callback handlers for advanced server interactions. These let you respond to server-initiated requests and receive notifications.
 
-Sampling, elicitation, and roots are all server-initiated, so they belong to the handshake era described under [protocol negotiation](#protocol-negotiation). A default client negotiates the newest era both peers share, where the server has no back-channel to push those requests down, so an example that exercises them pins `mode="legacy"`. Logging and progress arrive as notifications on the response stream and work in either era.
+Sampling, elicitation, and roots are the requests a server makes of the client. A server reaches your handler by whichever route its [era](#protocol-negotiation) allows — pushed down the open session on the handshake, returned as an input-required result on the modern protocol — and both routes dispatch to the same handler, so one registration covers both. Logging and progress arrive as notifications on the response stream and work in either era.
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import Client
@@ -360,7 +355,6 @@ async def sampling_handler(messages, params, context):
 
 client = Client(
     "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
     log_handler=log_handler,
     progress_handler=progress_handler,
     sampling_handler=sampling_handler,

docs/clients/elicitation.mdx

@@ -13,10 +13,8 @@ Use this when you need to respond to server requests for user input during tool
 
 Elicitation allows MCP servers to request structured input from users during operations. Instead of requiring all inputs upfront, servers can interactively ask for missing parameters, request clarification, or gather additional context.
 
-Two routes reach that outcome, and the protocol version the client negotiates decides which one applies. On older versions the server pushes an elicitation request down to the client, over the connection the `initialize` handshake opens; that is the flow the next few sections describe. On `2026-07-28` and later the server instead returns a description of what it needs, and the client answers with a fresh call — see [input-required rounds](#input-required-rounds). You write the same `elicitation_handler` either way — FastMCP routes it to whichever mechanism the connection supports.
-
 <Note>
-**This page shows the older protocol's elicitation flow.** On protocol version `2026-07-28` the server instead returns a description of what it needs and the client answers with a new call — see [input-required rounds](#input-required-rounds). The same `elicitation_handler` serves both. Clients default to `mode="auto"`, so the examples below pass `mode="legacy"` to exercise the server-initiated flow. See [protocol negotiation](/clients/client#protocol-negotiation).
+**These sections show the server-initiated flow, which the handshake-era protocol uses.** On `2026-07-28` the server asks by returning a request instead — see [input-required rounds](#input-required-rounds). One `elicitation_handler` serves both, so the examples below pin `mode="legacy"` only to exercise the pushed form.
 </Note>
 
 ## Handler Template

docs/clients/logging.mdx

@@ -28,7 +28,16 @@ logging.basicConfig(
 )
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-LOGGING_LEVEL_MAP = logging.getLevelNamesMapping()
+LOGGING_LEVEL_MAP = {
+    "DEBUG": logging.DEBUG,
+    "INFO": logging.INFO,
+    "NOTICE": logging.INFO,
+    "WARNING": logging.WARNING,
+    "ERROR": logging.ERROR,
+    "CRITICAL": logging.CRITICAL,
+    "ALERT": logging.CRITICAL,
+    "EMERGENCY": logging.CRITICAL,
+}
 
 async def log_handler(message: LogMessage):
     """Forward MCP server logs to Python's logging system."""

docs/clients/notifications.mdx

@@ -47,23 +47,23 @@ For fine-grained targeting, subclass `MessageHandler` to use specific hooks:
 ```python
 from fastmcp import Client
 from fastmcp.client.messages import MessageHandler
-import mcp_types
+import mcp.types
 
 class MyMessageHandler(MessageHandler):
     async def on_tool_list_changed(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.ToolListChangedNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.ToolListChangedNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Handle tool list changes."""
         print("Tool list changed - refreshing available tools")
 
     async def on_resource_list_changed(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.ResourceListChangedNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.ResourceListChangedNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Handle resource list changes."""
         print("Resource list changed")
 
     async def on_prompt_list_changed(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.PromptListChangedNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.PromptListChangedNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Handle prompt list changes."""
         print("Prompt list changed")
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ client = Client(
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp.client.messages import MessageHandler
-import mcp_types
+import mcp.types
 
 class MyMessageHandler(MessageHandler):
     async def on_message(self, message) -> None:
@@ -86,49 +86,49 @@ class MyMessageHandler(MessageHandler):
         pass
 
     async def on_notification(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.ServerNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.ServerNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Called for notifications (fire-and-forget)."""
         pass
 
     async def on_tool_list_changed(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.ToolListChangedNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.ToolListChangedNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Called when the server's tool list changes."""
         pass
 
     async def on_resource_list_changed(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.ResourceListChangedNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.ResourceListChangedNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Called when the server's resource list changes."""
         pass
 
     async def on_prompt_list_changed(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.PromptListChangedNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.PromptListChangedNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Called when the server's prompt list changes."""
         pass
 
     async def on_progress(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.ProgressNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.ProgressNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Called for progress updates during long-running operations."""
         pass
 
     async def on_resource_updated(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.ResourceUpdatedNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.ResourceUpdatedNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Called when a specific resource changes."""
         pass
 
     async def on_cancelled(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.CancelledNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.CancelledNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Called when a request is cancelled."""
         pass
 
     async def on_logging_message(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.LoggingMessageNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.LoggingMessageNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Called for log messages from the server."""
         pass
@@ -141,14 +141,14 @@ A practical example of maintaining a tool cache that refreshes when tools change
 ```python
 from fastmcp import Client
 from fastmcp.client.messages import MessageHandler
-import mcp_types
+import mcp.types
 
 class ToolCacheHandler(MessageHandler):
     def __init__(self):
         self.cached_tools = []
 
     async def on_tool_list_changed(
-        self, notification: mcp_types.ToolListChangedNotification
+        self, notification: mcp.types.ToolListChangedNotification
     ) -> None:
         """Clear tool cache when tools change."""
         print("Tools changed - clearing cache")

docs/clients/resources.mdx

@@ -58,18 +58,25 @@ async with client:
 
 Binary resources include images, PDFs, and other non-text data:
 
+Binary resources arrive as `BlobResourceContents`, whose `blob` field is a base64 **string**, so decode it before writing bytes to disk:
+
 ```python
+import base64
+
+from mcp_types import BlobResourceContents
+
 async with client:
     content = await client.read_resource("resource://images/logo.png")
 
     for item in content:
-        if hasattr(item, 'blob'):
-            print(f"Binary content: {len(item.blob)} bytes")
+        if isinstance(item, BlobResourceContents):
+            data = base64.b64decode(item.blob)
+            print(f"Binary content: {len(data)} bytes")
             print(f"MIME type: {item.mime_type}")
 
             # Save to file
             with open("downloaded_logo.png", "wb") as f:
-                f.write(item.blob)
+                f.write(data)
 ```
 
 ## Multi-Server Clients

docs/clients/roots.mdx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: Client Roots
 sidebarTitle: Roots
-description: Provide local context and resource boundaries to MCP servers.
+description: Tell servers which local paths your client can reach.
 icon: folder-tree
 ---
 
@@ -11,29 +11,26 @@ import { VersionBadge } from '/snippets/version-badge.mdx'
 
 Use this when you need to tell servers what local resources the client has access to.
 
-Roots inform servers about resources the client can provide. Servers can use this information to adjust behavior or provide more relevant responses.
+A root is a path your client is willing to expose — a project directory, a workspace, a document store. Servers read them to scope their work, so a tool that searches files searches where you pointed it, and a server that gets no roots has to ask the user for paths instead. Roots describe where the client can reach; the server takes them as its working boundary.
 
-<Note>
-**Roots require the older MCP protocol.** A server reads roots by sending a request down to the client, and protocol version `2026-07-28` removed the server's ability to do that. Clients default to `mode="auto"`, which negotiates the newest version both sides support, so the examples below pass `mode="legacy"`. See [protocol negotiation](/clients/client#protocol-negotiation).
-</Note>
+Register them once with `roots=`, and the client answers however the server asks. A handshake-era server pushes a `roots/list` request down the open session and reads the reply mid-call; a modern (`2026-07-28`) server has no such channel, so it returns a roots request and `fastmcp.Client` fulfils it from the same registration and re-issues the call with the answer attached. The default `mode="auto"` negotiates whichever era the server speaks, so the examples below work on either — see [protocol negotiation](/clients/client#protocol-negotiation) for how that choice is made, and [the guard pattern](/servers/elicitation#sampling-and-roots) for how a server issues the modern form.
 
 ## Static Roots
 
-Provide a list of roots when creating the client:
+When the paths are known up front, pass them as a list. The client holds them for the life of the connection and hands back the same set every time a server asks.
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import Client
 
 client = Client(
     "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
-    roots=["/path/to/root1", "/path/to/root2"]
+    roots=["file:///path/to/root1", "file:///path/to/root2"]
 )
 ```
 
 ## Dynamic Roots
 
-Use a callback to compute roots dynamically when the server requests them:
+Pass a callback instead when the roots depend on something the client learns at runtime, such as the workspace the user has open. It runs at the moment a server asks, on either route, and receives the request context so you can see which request it is answering:
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import Client
@@ -41,11 +38,10 @@ from fastmcp.client.roots import RequestContext
 
 async def roots_callback(context: RequestContext) -> list[str]:
     print(f"Server requested roots (Request ID: {context.request_id})")
-    return ["/path/to/root1", "/path/to/root2"]
+    return ["file:///path/to/root1", "file:///path/to/root2"]
 
 client = Client(
     "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
     roots=roots_callback
 )
 ```

docs/clients/sampling.mdx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: LLM Sampling
 sidebarTitle: Sampling
-description: Handle server-initiated LLM completion requests.
+description: Answer a server's request for an LLM completion.
 icon: robot
 ---
 
@@ -9,57 +9,46 @@ import { VersionBadge } from "/snippets/version-badge.mdx";
 
 <VersionBadge version="2.0.0" />
 
-Use this when you need to respond to server requests for LLM completions.
+Use this when a server asks your client to run an LLM completion on its behalf.
 
-MCP servers can request LLM completions from clients during tool execution. This enables servers to delegate AI reasoning to the client, which controls which LLM is used and how requests are made.
+Sampling is how a server borrows your model. Rather than hold an API key of its own, the server describes the messages it wants completed and asks you to run them — you pick the model, and you pay for the tokens. Your side of that arrangement is one function, a **sampling handler**, registered when you create the client.
 
-<Note>
-**Sampling requires the older MCP protocol.** A server requests sampling by sending a request down to the client, and protocol version `2026-07-28` removed the server's ability to do that. Clients default to `mode="auto"`, which negotiates the newest version both sides support, so every example on this page passes `mode="legacy"`. See [protocol negotiation](/clients/client#protocol-negotiation).
-</Note>
+The handler receives the conversation the server wants completed, the parameters it asked for, and a request context carrying metadata about the call. Return the generated text as a string and FastMCP wraps it in the protocol's result for you; return a `CreateMessageResult` yourself when you want to report the real model name or hand back content that isn't text. If the handler raises, the client sends the error back in place of a completion and the server's tool decides what to do about it.
 
 ## Handler Template
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import Client
 from fastmcp.client.sampling import SamplingMessage, SamplingParams, RequestContext
+from mcp.types import TextContent
+
 
 async def sampling_handler(
     messages: list[SamplingMessage],
     params: SamplingParams,
-    context: RequestContext
+    context: RequestContext,
 ) -> str:
-    """
-    Handle server requests for LLM completions.
-
-    Args:
-        messages: Conversation messages to send to the LLM
-        params: Sampling parameters (temperature, max_tokens, etc.)
-        context: Request context with metadata
-
-    Returns:
-        Generated text response from your LLM
-    """
-    # Extract message content
-    conversation = []
-    for message in messages:
-        content = message.content.text if hasattr(message.content, 'text') else str(message.content)
-        conversation.append(f"{message.role}: {content}")
-
-    # Use the system prompt if provided
+    """Run the server's messages against your LLM and return the completion."""
+    conversation = [
+        f"{message.role}: {message.content.text}"
+        for message in messages
+        if isinstance(message.content, TextContent)
+    ]
     system_prompt = params.system_prompt or "You are a helpful assistant."
 
-    # Integrate with your LLM service here
+    # Call your LLM here with `conversation` and `system_prompt`.
     return "Generated response based on the messages"
 
-client = Client(
-    "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
-    sampling_handler=sampling_handler,
-)
+
+client = Client("my_mcp_server.py", sampling_handler=sampling_handler)
 ```
 
+The client answers with this handler however the server asks for a completion. The default `mode="auto"` negotiates whichever protocol era the server speaks, and one handler covers both of the routes an era can use — see [Request Routes](#request-routes).
+
 ## Handler Parameters
 
+Everything the server sends arrives in the first two arguments. The messages are the conversation to complete; the parameters are how the server would like it completed. You decide how much of that to honor, since the client owns the model — a preference your provider cannot express is yours to ignore.
+
 <Card icon="code" title="SamplingMessage">
 <ResponseField name="role" type='Literal["user", "assistant"]'>
   The role of the message
@@ -71,11 +60,11 @@ client = Client(
 </Card>
 
 <Card icon="code" title="SamplingParams">
-<ResponseField name="systemPrompt" type="str | None">
+<ResponseField name="system_prompt" type="str | None">
   Optional system prompt the server wants to use
 </ResponseField>
 
-<ResponseField name="modelPreferences" type="ModelPreferences | None">
+<ResponseField name="model_preferences" type="ModelPreferences | None">
   Server preferences for model selection (hints, cost/speed/intelligence priorities)
 </ResponseField>
 
@@ -83,11 +72,11 @@ client = Client(
   Sampling temperature
 </ResponseField>
 
-<ResponseField name="maxTokens" type="int">
+<ResponseField name="max_tokens" type="int">
   Maximum tokens to generate
 </ResponseField>
 
-<ResponseField name="stopSequences" type="list[str] | None">
+<ResponseField name="stop_sequences" type="list[str] | None">
   Stop sequences for sampling
 </ResponseField>
 
@@ -95,14 +84,14 @@ client = Client(
   Tools the LLM can use during sampling
 </ResponseField>
 
-<ResponseField name="toolChoice" type="ToolChoice | None">
+<ResponseField name="tool_choice" type="ToolChoice | None">
   Tool usage behavior (`auto`, `required`, or `none`)
 </ResponseField>
 </Card>
 
 ## Built-in Handlers
 
-FastMCP provides built-in handlers for OpenAI, Anthropic, and Google Gemini APIs that support the full sampling API including tool use.
+Writing the provider call yourself is rarely worth it. FastMCP ships handlers for OpenAI, Anthropic, and Google Gemini that implement the full sampling API, tool use included, and translate the protocol's parameters into each provider's own. Give one a default model and pass it where your own handler would go. Write a custom handler when you need routing across providers, caching, or a provider FastMCP does not cover.
 
 ### OpenAI Handler
 
@@ -114,19 +103,19 @@ from fastmcp.client.sampling.handlers.openai import OpenAISamplingHandler
 
 client = Client(
     "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
     sampling_handler=OpenAISamplingHandler(default_model="gpt-4o"),
 )
 ```
 
-For OpenAI-compatible APIs (like local models):
+Point the handler at any OpenAI-compatible API, including a local model server, by passing your own provider client:
 
 ```python
+from fastmcp import Client
+from fastmcp.client.sampling.handlers.openai import OpenAISamplingHandler
 from openai import AsyncOpenAI
 
 client = Client(
     "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
     sampling_handler=OpenAISamplingHandler(
         default_model="llama-3.1-70b",
         client=AsyncOpenAI(base_url="http://localhost:8000/v1"),
@@ -148,7 +137,6 @@ from fastmcp.client.sampling.handlers.anthropic import AnthropicSamplingHandler
 
 client = Client(
     "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
     sampling_handler=AnthropicSamplingHandler(default_model="claude-sonnet-4-5"),
 )
 ```
@@ -167,7 +155,6 @@ from fastmcp.client.sampling.handlers.google_genai import GoogleGenaiSamplingHan
 
 client = Client(
     "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
     sampling_handler=GoogleGenaiSamplingHandler(default_model="gemini-2.0-flash"),
 )
 ```
@@ -176,25 +163,32 @@ client = Client(
 Install the Google Gemini handler with `pip install 'fastmcp[gemini]'`.
 </Note>
 
-## Sampling Capabilities
+The [source of these handlers](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/tree/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/client/sampling/handlers) is the best reference for writing your own.
 
-When you provide a `sampling_handler`, FastMCP automatically advertises full sampling capabilities to the server, including tool support. To disable tool support for simpler handlers:
+## Tool Use
+
+A sampling request can carry tools. When it does, your handler passes them to the model and returns whatever comes back, tool calls included — the server executes the tools itself and sends a follow-up sampling request with the results if it needs another turn. Your handler never runs a tool.
+
+Registering any `sampling_handler` advertises full sampling support, tools included. A handler that only generates text should say so, so servers know not to send tools it will drop:
 
 ```python
-from mcp_types import SamplingCapability
+from fastmcp import Client
+from mcp.types import SamplingCapability
+
+
+async def text_only_handler(messages, params, context) -> str:
+    return "Generated response based on the messages"
+
 
 client = Client(
     "my_mcp_server.py",
-    mode="legacy",
-    sampling_handler=basic_handler,
-    sampling_capabilities=SamplingCapability(),  # No tool support
+    sampling_handler=text_only_handler,
+    sampling_capabilities=SamplingCapability(),
 )
 ```
 
-## Tool Execution
+## Request Routes
 
-Tool execution happens on the server side. The client's role is to pass tools to the LLM and return the LLM's response (which may include tool use requests). The server then executes the tools and may send follow-up sampling requests with tool results.
+Servers reach your handler by two routes, and which one applies depends on the protocol era the connection negotiated. A handshake-era server pushes a `sampling/createMessage` request down the open session while a tool is running and waits for the reply. A modern (`2026-07-28`) connection has no such channel, so the tool ends its round by returning a request for a completion instead; the client answers from your handler and calls the tool again with the result attached.
 
-<Tip>
-To implement a custom sampling handler, see the [handler source code](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/tree/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/client/sampling/handlers) as a reference.
-</Tip>
+One registration covers both, so this is rarely something you configure — it matters only when you pin an era, since `mode="legacy"` is the sole route that carries a pushed request. See [protocol negotiation](/clients/client#protocol-negotiation) for how the era is chosen, and [Sampling](/servers/sampling) under Servers for how a server issues these requests.

docs/css/language-dropdown.css

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/* Language dropdown: injected by language-dropdown.js into the sidebar
+   footer, to the right of Mintlify's theme selector. Mirrors the almond
+   theme pill's exact metrics (lg:h-7 desktop / 2.375rem mobile, rounded-full,
+   border-gray-200/70, dark:border-white/[0.07]) so the two controls read as
+   one family. */
+#language-switch {
+  margin-left: auto;
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+}
+
+#language-switch select {
+  appearance: none;
+  -webkit-appearance: none;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: 1px solid rgb(229 231 235 / 0.7);
+  border-radius: 9999px;
+  color: rgb(107 114 128);
+  cursor: pointer;
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  line-height: 1rem;
+  height: 2.375rem;
+  padding: 0 1.375rem 0 0.75rem;
+  /* Chevron, drawn in the same gray as the label text. */
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='%236b7280' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'%3E%3Cpath d='m6 9 6 6 6-6'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+  background-repeat: no-repeat;
+  background-position: right 0.5rem center;
+  background-size: 0.7rem;
+  transition: border-color 0.2s;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1024px) {
+  #language-switch select {
+    height: 1.75rem;
+  }
+}
+
+#language-switch select:hover {
+  color: rgb(75 85 99);
+  border-color: rgb(229 231 235);
+}
+
+#language-switch select:focus-visible {
+  outline: 2px solid rgb(45 0 247 / 0.4);
+  outline-offset: 1px;
+}
+
+.dark #language-switch select {
+  border-color: rgb(255 255 255 / 0.07);
+  color: rgb(156 163 175);
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='%239ca3af' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'%3E%3Cpath d='m6 9 6 6 6-6'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+}
+
+.dark #language-switch select:hover {
+  color: rgb(209 213 219);
+  border-color: rgb(255 255 255 / 0.1);
+}

docs/deployment/http.mdx

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ If you're mounting an authenticated server under a path prefix, see [Mounting Au
 
 ### Host and Origin Protection
 
-FastMCP can validate `Host` and browser `Origin` headers for Streamable HTTP requests before they reach MCP session handling. This request guard protects localhost-bound servers from DNS rebinding attacks, and it remains opt-in in FastMCP 3.x to preserve compatibility with existing ASGI, serverless, and reverse-proxy deployments.
+FastMCP can validate `Host` and browser `Origin` headers for Streamable HTTP requests before they reach MCP session handling. This request guard protects localhost-bound servers from DNS rebinding attacks, and it stays opt-in to preserve compatibility with existing ASGI, serverless, and reverse-proxy deployments.
 
 Think of this as a request guard rather than CORS middleware. It decides whether a request can reach MCP session handling. CORS remains a separate browser response-header policy; configure CORS middleware separately when browser JavaScript must read cross-origin responses.
 
@@ -149,6 +149,48 @@ export FASTMCP_HTTP_ALLOWED_ORIGINS='["https://app.example.com"]'
 
 Use `host_origin_protection="auto"` to protect localhost-bound direct servers while allowing ASGI, serverless, and reverse-proxy deployments to keep their existing Host handling unless they configure explicit trust rules. Use `host_origin_protection=False` to keep the request guard disabled.
 
+### Gateway Routing Headers
+
+<VersionBadge version="4.0.0" />
+
+A gateway, load balancer, or reverse proxy in front of your MCP server often needs to route a request before it reads the JSON-RPC body — the body may be an SSE stream, or the gateway may simply want to avoid parsing it. On a connection that negotiates the modern `2026-07-28` protocol, Streamable HTTP clients built on the MCP Python SDK (including FastMCP's own client) attach routing information to each request as HTTP headers so an intermediary can dispatch on headers alone:
+
+- `Mcp-Method` carries the JSON-RPC method (for example `tools/call`) on every request.
+- `Mcp-Name` carries the target's name on named operations — the tool name for `tools/call`, the prompt name for `prompts/get`, the resource URI for `resources/read`.
+- `Mcp-Param-*` carries selected argument values for a `tools/call`, one header per opted-in parameter.
+
+FastMCP's HTTP transport neither strips nor rewrites these headers, so a gateway sees them exactly as the client sent them. The `Host`/`Origin` request guard inspects only `Host` and `Origin` and leaves the routing headers untouched.
+
+<Warning>
+These headers are a feature of the modern `2026-07-28` protocol. A client connected over an earlier protocol revision — including one running in legacy mode or one that has fallen back to a legacy server — sends no routing headers at all. Design gateway routing to require the headers rather than assume their presence: if a request arrives without them, fall back to inspecting the body or route it to a default backend, rather than dropping it.
+</Warning>
+
+To expose an argument as an `Mcp-Param-*` header, annotate the parameter with the `x-mcp-header` JSON Schema extension. FastMCP carries the annotation into the tool's advertised input schema, and a conforming client mirrors the argument into a header named `Mcp-Param-<token>`:
+
+```python
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("My Server")
+
+@mcp.tool
+def query_tenant(
+    tenant: Annotated[str, Field(json_schema_extra={"x-mcp-header": "Tenant"})],
+    sql: str,
+) -> str:
+    """A call to this tool sends the tenant value as an `Mcp-Param-Tenant` header."""
+    ...
+```
+
+A gateway can now route on `Mcp-Param-Tenant` — for example, pinning each tenant to a dedicated backend — without inspecting the request body. The annotation is only permitted on `string`, `integer`, and `boolean` parameters. These headers advertise routing intent; treat them as untrusted hints, since the server still validates the request body as the source of truth.
+
+<Tip>
+When you put a FastMCP [proxy](/servers/providers/proxy) in front of another server, the proxy re-advertises each backend tool's `x-mcp-header` annotation, so routing headers work across the proxy hop as well. The headers themselves are regenerated per hop rather than forwarded verbatim, since each describes a single HTTP request.
+</Tip>
+
 ### Health Checks
 
 Health check endpoints are essential for monitoring your deployed server and ensuring it's responding correctly. FastMCP allows you to add custom routes alongside your MCP endpoints, making it easy to implement health checks that work with both deployment approaches.
@@ -504,7 +546,7 @@ base_url="http://localhost:8000/api"  # Includes mount prefix
 mcp_path="/mcp"  # Internal MCP path, NOT the mount prefix
 ```
 
-**`issuer_url`** (optional) controls the authorization server identity for OAuth discovery. Defaults to `base_url`.
+**`issuer_url`** (optional) controls the authorization server identity for OAuth discovery. Defaults to `base_url`. It sets the `issuer` advertised in the authorization server metadata and the `iss` on issued tokens, while the endpoints in that metadata continue to point at `base_url`.
 
 ```python
 # Usually not needed - just set base_url and it works
@@ -658,7 +700,7 @@ When deploying FastMCP behind a load balancer or running multiple server instanc
 
 #### Understanding Sessions
 
-By default, FastMCP's Streamable HTTP transport maintains server-side sessions. Sessions enable stateful MCP features like [elicitation](/servers/elicitation) and [sampling](/servers/sampling), where the server needs to maintain context across multiple requests from the same client.
+By default, FastMCP's Streamable HTTP transport maintains server-side sessions. A session holds the context a server keeps across multiple requests from the same client, and it carries the handshake-era back-channel that server-initiated requests like [elicitation](/servers/elicitation) push down.
 
 This works perfectly for single-instance deployments. However, sessions are stored in memory on each server instance, which creates challenges when scaling horizontally.
 

docs/deployment/prefect-horizon.mdx

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ description: The MCP platform from the FastMCP team
 icon: cloud
 ---
 
-[Prefect Horizon](https://www.prefect.io/horizon) is a platform for deploying and managing MCP servers. Built by the FastMCP team at [Prefect](https://www.prefect.io), Horizon provides managed hosting, authentication, access control, and a registry of MCP capabilities.
+[Prefect Horizon](https://www.prefect.io/horizon?utm_source=gofastmcp&utm_medium=docs&utm_campaign=docs_horizon&utm_content=guide_intro) is a platform for deploying and managing MCP servers. Built by the FastMCP team at [Prefect](https://www.prefect.io), Horizon provides managed hosting, authentication, access control, and a registry of MCP capabilities.
 
 Horizon includes a **free personal tier for FastMCP users**, making it the fastest way to get a secure, production-ready server URL with built-in OAuth authentication.
 

docs/deployment/server-configuration.mdx

@@ -39,30 +39,33 @@ The `fastmcp.json` configuration answers three fundamental questions about your
 
 This conceptual model helps you understand the purpose of each configuration section and organize your settings effectively. The configuration file maps directly to these three concerns:
 
+`source` is the *where*, `environment` the *what*, and `deployment` the *how*:
+
 ```json
 {
   "$schema": "https://gofastmcp.com/public/schemas/fastmcp.json/v1.json",
   "source": {
-    // WHERE: Location of your server code
-    "type": "filesystem",  // Optional, defaults to "filesystem"
+    "type": "filesystem",
     "path": "server.py",
     "entrypoint": "mcp"
   },
   "environment": {
-    // WHAT: Environment setup and dependencies
-    "type": "uv",  // Optional, defaults to "uv"
+    "type": "uv",
     "python": ">=3.10",
     "dependencies": ["pandas", "numpy"]
   },
   "deployment": {
-    // HOW: Runtime configuration
     "transport": "stdio",
     "log_level": "INFO"
   }
 }
 ```
 
-Only the `source` field is required. The `environment` and `deployment` sections are optional and provide additional configuration when needed.
+Only the `source` field is required. The `environment` and `deployment` sections are optional and provide additional configuration when needed. Both `type` fields shown above are optional too, defaulting to `"filesystem"` and `"uv"` respectively.
+
+<Warning>
+`fastmcp.json` is parsed as strict JSON, so it accepts no comments or trailing commas.
+</Warning>
 
 ### JSON Schema Support
 

docs/development/releases.mdx

@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ We expect this exemption to last through at least the 2.12.x and 2.13.x release
 
 Pin to exact versions:
 ```
-fastmcp==2.11.0  # Good
-fastmcp>=2.11.0  # Bad - will install breaking changes
+fastmcp==4.0.0  # Good
+fastmcp>=4.0.0  # Bad - will install breaking changes
 ```
 
 ## Creating Releases
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ Our release process is intentionally simple:
 2. Generate release notes automatically, and curate or add additional editorial information as needed
 3. GitHub releases automatically trigger PyPI deployments
 
-Current-major releases target `main`. Maintenance releases target their release branch, such as `release/3.x` for 3.x patches and `release/2.x` for 2.x patches. Stable releases from `main` update the `published-docs` branch after PyPI publishing succeeds; maintenance releases publish packages and GitHub release notes without repointing the live docs branch.
+Current-major releases target `main`. Maintenance releases target their release branch, such as `release/3.x` for 3.x patches and `release/2.x` for 2.x patches. Stable releases from `main` open a PR that syncs the release commit to `published-docs` after PyPI publishing succeeds; merging that PR publishes the live docs. Prereleases skip the automatic PR and use the same PR-based sync when their docs are ready to publish. Maintenance releases publish packages and GitHub release notes without repointing the live docs branch.
 
 This automation lets maintainers focus on code quality rather than release mechanics.
 

docs/docs.json

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
       "dark": "#475569",
       "light": "#1e3a5f"
     },
-    "content": "FastMCP 4 is in alpha — you're reading the v4 docs. [What's new](/getting-started/whats-new) · [FastMCP 3 docs](/v3/getting-started/welcome)"
+    "content": "FastMCP 4 is in beta — build stateful applications on sessionless MCP. [See what's new](/getting-started/whats-new)."
   },
   "colors": {
     "dark": "#f72585",
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
         "label": ""
       },
       {
-        "href": "https://prefect.io/horizon",
+        "href": "https://www.prefect.io/horizon?utm_source=gofastmcp&utm_medium=docs&utm_campaign=docs_horizon&utm_content=header",
         "icon": "cloud",
         "label": "Prefect Horizon"
       }
@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@
                       "servers/lifespan",
                       "servers/storage-backends",
                       "servers/sessions",
+                      "servers/extensions",
                       "servers/tasks",
                       "servers/versioning"
                     ]
@@ -358,10 +359,12 @@
                     "group": "Upgrading",
                     "icon": "up",
                     "pages": [
-                      "getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-2",
                       "getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3",
-                      "getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk",
-                      "getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk"
+                      "getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-2",
+                      "getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1",
+                      "getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v2",
+                      "getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1",
+                      "getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v2"
                     ]
                   },
                   {
@@ -372,19 +375,7 @@
                       "development/contributing",
                       "development/tests",
                       "development/releases",
-                      "patterns/contrib",
-                      {
-                        "collapsed": true,
-                        "group": "v4 Notes",
-                        "pages": [
-                          "development/v4-notes/index",
-                          "development/v4-notes/change-register",
-                          "development/v4-notes/feature-program",
-                          "development/v4-notes/background-tasks",
-                          "development/v4-notes/protocol-2026",
-                          "development/v4-notes/known-gaps"
-                        ]
-                      }
+                      "patterns/contrib"
                     ]
                   },
                   {
@@ -413,7 +404,7 @@
             "icon": "code"
           }
         ],
-        "version": "v4.0.0 (alpha 1)"
+        "version": "v4.0.0 (beta 1)"
       },
       {
         "$ref": "./v3-navigation.json"
@@ -424,6 +415,30 @@
     ]
   },
   "redirects": [
+    {
+      "destination": "/getting-started/whats-new",
+      "source": "/development/v4-notes/index"
+    },
+    {
+      "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3",
+      "source": "/development/v4-notes/change-register"
+    },
+    {
+      "destination": "/getting-started/whats-new",
+      "source": "/development/v4-notes/feature-program"
+    },
+    {
+      "destination": "/getting-started/whats-new",
+      "source": "/development/v4-notes/protocol-2026"
+    },
+    {
+      "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3",
+      "source": "/development/v4-notes/known-gaps"
+    },
+    {
+      "destination": "/servers/tasks",
+      "source": "/development/v4-notes/background-tasks"
+    },
     {
       "destination": "/apps/fastmcp-app",
       "source": "/apps/interactive-apps"
@@ -497,13 +512,21 @@
       "source": "/development/upgrade-guide"
     },
     {
-      "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk",
+      "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1",
       "source": "/getting-started/upgrading-from-sdk"
     },
     {
-      "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk",
+      "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1",
+      "source": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk"
+    },
+    {
+      "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1",
       "source": "/getting-started/low-level-sdk"
     },
+    {
+      "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1",
+      "source": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk"
+    },
     {
       "destination": "/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3",
       "source": "/getting-started/upgrading/to-mcp-sdk-v2"

docs/getting-started/installation.mdx

@@ -7,15 +7,19 @@ icon: arrow-down-to-line
 
 We recommend using [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/getting-started/installation/) to install and manage FastMCP.
 
+```bash
+uv add fastmcp
+```
+
+Or with pip:
+
 ```bash
 pip install fastmcp
 ```
 
-Or with uv:
-
-```bash
-uv add fastmcp
-```
+<Note>
+**FastMCP 4 is in prerelease.** The commands above install the latest stable release, which is still 3.x. To get v4, pin the beta explicitly with `pip install "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"`, or see [Install the v4 Prerelease](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3#install-the-v4-prerelease) for the uv constraint you'll need.
+</Note>
 
 ### Optional Dependencies
 
@@ -40,8 +44,8 @@ You should see output like the following:
 ```bash
 $ fastmcp version
 
-FastMCP version:                           3.0.0
-MCP version:                               1.25.0
+FastMCP version:                         4.0.0b1
+MCP version:                                2.0.0
 Python version:                            3.12.2
 Platform:            macOS-15.3.1-arm64-arm-64bit
 FastMCP root path:            ~/Developer/fastmcp
@@ -62,19 +66,27 @@ Alternatively, wait for the stable v5 release. See [this issue](https://github.c
 </Info>
 ## Upgrading
 
+### From FastMCP 3.0
+
+Most FastMCP 3 servers run on 4 without changes. See [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3) for the breaks that do exist, and [What's New](/getting-started/whats-new) for what the new version adds.
+
 ### From FastMCP 2.0
 
 See the [Upgrade Guide](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-2) for a complete list of breaking changes and migration steps.
 
 ### From the MCP SDK
 
-#### From FastMCP 1.0
+Which guide you want depends on which `mcp` version you're on and which of its two server APIs you used.
 
-If you're using FastMCP 1.0 via the `mcp` package (meaning you import FastMCP as  `from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP`), upgrading is straightforward — for most servers, it's a single import change. See the [full upgrade guide](/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk) for details.
+#### From the high-level server
 
-#### From the Low-Level Server API
+If you're using FastMCP 1.0 via SDK v1 (meaning you import FastMCP as `from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP`), upgrading is straightforward — for most servers it's a single import change. See [Upgrading from MCP SDK v1](/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1), which also explains why that route is usually easier than moving to MCP SDK v2.
 
-If you built your server directly on the `mcp` package's `Server` class — with `list_tools()`/`call_tool()` handlers and hand-written JSON Schema — see the [migration guide](/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk) for a full walkthrough.
+If you already moved to SDK v2 and write against `MCPServer`, see [Upgrading from MCP SDK v2](/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v2) — that migration is mostly renaming.
+
+#### From the low-level server
+
+If you built your server directly on the `mcp` package's `Server` class, the guide you want depends on how its handlers are registered. Decorators like `@server.list_tools()` mean SDK v1 — see [Upgrading from the Low-Level SDK v1](/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1). Handlers passed to the constructor as `on_list_tools=` mean SDK v2 — see [Upgrading from the Low-Level SDK v2](/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v2).
 
 ## Troubleshooting
 
@@ -103,16 +115,12 @@ FastMCP follows semantic versioning with pragmatic adaptations for the rapidly e
 
 For production use, always pin to exact versions:
 ```
-fastmcp==3.0.0  # Good
-fastmcp>=3.0.0  # Bad - may install breaking changes
+fastmcp==4.0.0b1  # Good - an exact version
+fastmcp>=4.0.0    # Bad - may install breaking changes
 ```
 
 See the full [versioning and release policy](/development/releases#versioning-policy) for details on our public API, deprecation practices, and breaking change philosophy.
 
 ## Contributing to FastMCP
 
-Interested in contributing to FastMCP? See the [Contributing Guide](/development/contributing) for details on:
-- Setting up your development environment
-- Running tests and pre-commit hooks
-- Submitting issues and pull requests
-- Code standards and review process
+The [Contributing Guide](/development/contributing) covers setting up a development environment, running the test suite and pre-commit hooks, and the standards we hold contributed code to.

docs/getting-started/quickstart.mdx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ title: Quickstart
 icon: rocket-launch
 ---
 
-Welcome! This guide will help you quickly set up FastMCP, run your first MCP server, give it a visual UI, and deploy it to Prefect Horizon.
+This guide builds a working MCP server from scratch: a tool, a way to run it, a client that calls it, and a visual UI for the result. It ends with the server deployed and reachable over the internet.
 
 If you haven't already installed FastMCP, follow the [installation instructions](/getting-started/installation).
 
@@ -112,10 +112,7 @@ async def call_tool(name: str):
 asyncio.run(call_tool("Ford"))
 ```
 
-Note that:
-- FastMCP clients are asynchronous, so we need to use `asyncio.run` to run the client
-- We must enter a client context (`async with client:`) before using the client
-- You can make multiple client calls within the same context
+FastMCP clients are asynchronous, so the call goes through `asyncio.run`. Entering the client context with `async with client:` is what opens the connection, and it stays open for as many calls as you want to make inside the block.
 
 ## Give Your Tool a UI
 
@@ -145,9 +142,11 @@ def greet(name: str) -> PrefabApp:
 
 You can preview app tools locally with `fastmcp dev apps my_server.py` — no MCP host required. See the [Apps overview](/apps/overview) for the full guide, including state management, forms, charts, and server-connected interactivity.
 
-## Deploy to Prefect Horizon
+## Deploy Your Server
 
-[Prefect Horizon](https://horizon.prefect.io?utm_source=gofastmcp&utm_medium=docs) is the enterprise MCP platform built by the FastMCP team at [Prefect](https://www.prefect.io). It provides managed hosting, authentication, access control, and observability for MCP servers.
+FastMCP HTTP servers run anywhere you can host a Python application. The [HTTP deployment guide](/deployment/http) covers the transport settings and security boundaries for self-managed infrastructure.
+
+For a managed deployment, [Prefect Horizon](https://horizon.prefect.io?utm_source=gofastmcp&utm_medium=docs) is the enterprise MCP platform built by the FastMCP team at [Prefect](https://www.prefect.io). It provides hosting, authentication, access control, and observability for MCP servers.
 
 <Info>
 Horizon is **free for personal projects** and offers enterprise governance for teams.

docs/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-2.mdx

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 ---
 title: Upgrading from FastMCP 2
 sidebarTitle: "From FastMCP 2"
-description: Migration instructions for upgrading between FastMCP versions
+description: What changed in FastMCP 3 for servers written against FastMCP 2
 icon: up
 ---
 
-This guide covers breaking changes and migration steps when upgrading FastMCP.
+This guide covers the breaking changes a FastMCP 2 server meets on its way to FastMCP 3, newest release first.
+
+<Note>
+**Going all the way to FastMCP 4?** You need this page and [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3), in that order. The two describe different transitions: this one covers the v3 API changes, while the FastMCP 3 guide covers the MCP Python SDK v2 rebuild underneath v4. Where a v3 deprecation was later removed outright, this page marks it **Removed in v4**.
+</Note>
 
 ## v3.0.0
 
@@ -21,7 +25,7 @@ pip install --upgrade fastmcp
 uv add --upgrade fastmcp
 ```
 
-If you pin versions in a requirements file or `pyproject.toml`, update your pin to `fastmcp>=3.0.0,<4`.
+If you pin versions in a requirements file or `pyproject.toml`, update your pin to `fastmcp>=3.0.0,<4`. Going on to FastMCP 4 is a second hop: finish this page, then work through [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3) and move the pin to `fastmcp>=4.0.0` at the end of it.
 
 <Info>
 **New repository home.** As part of the v3 release, FastMCP's GitHub repository has moved from `jlowin/fastmcp` to [`PrefectHQ/fastmcp`](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp) under [Prefect](https://prefect.io)'s stewardship. GitHub automatically redirects existing clones and bookmarks, so nothing breaks — but you can update your local remote whenever convenient:
@@ -101,7 +105,7 @@ For each issue found, show the original line, explain why it breaks, and provide
 
 In v2, you could configure transport settings directly in the `FastMCP()` constructor. In v3, `FastMCP()` is purely about your server's identity and behavior — transport configuration happens when you actually start serving. Passing any of the old kwargs now raises `TypeError` with a migration hint.
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before
 mcp = FastMCP("server", host="0.0.0.0", port=8080)
 mcp.run()
@@ -140,7 +144,7 @@ Keeping `DiskStore` requires `pip install 'py-key-value-aio[disk]'`, which re-in
 
 In v2, you could enable or disable individual components by calling methods on the component object itself. In v3, visibility is controlled through the server (or provider), which lets you target components by name, tag, or type without needing a reference to the object:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before
 tool = await server.get_tool("my_tool")
 tool.disable()
@@ -155,7 +159,7 @@ Calling `.enable()` or `.disable()` on a component object now raises `NotImpleme
 
 The `get_tools()`, `get_resources()`, `get_prompts()`, and `get_resource_templates()` methods have been renamed to `list_tools()`, `list_resources()`, `list_prompts()`, and `list_resource_templates()`. More importantly, they now return lists instead of dicts — so code that indexes by name needs to change:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before
 tools = await server.get_tools()
 tool = tools["my_tool"]
@@ -169,7 +173,7 @@ tool = next((t for t in tools if t.name == "my_tool"), None)
 
 Prompt functions now use FastMCP's `Message` class instead of `mcp.types.PromptMessage`. The new class is simpler — it accepts a plain string and defaults to `role="user"`, so most prompts become one-liners:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before
 from mcp.types import PromptMessage, TextContent
 
@@ -187,7 +191,7 @@ def my_prompt() -> Message:
 
 If your prompt functions return raw dicts with `role` and `content` keys, those also need to change. v2 silently coerced dicts into prompt messages, but v3 requires typed `Message` objects (or plain strings for single user messages):
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before (v2 accepted this)
 @mcp.prompt
 def my_prompt():
@@ -211,7 +215,7 @@ def my_prompt() -> list[Message]:
 
 `ctx.set_state()` and `ctx.get_state()` are now async because state in v3 is session-scoped and backed by a pluggable storage backend (rather than a simple dict). This means state persists across multiple tool calls within the same session:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before
 ctx.set_state("key", "value")
 value = ctx.get_state("key")
@@ -223,7 +227,7 @@ value = await ctx.get_state("key")
 
 State values must also be JSON-serializable by default (dicts, lists, strings, numbers, etc.). If you need to store non-serializable values like an HTTP client, pass `serializable=False` — these values are request-scoped and only available during the current tool call:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 await ctx.set_state("client", my_http_client, serializable=False)
 ```
 
@@ -245,7 +249,7 @@ parent.mount(child, namespace="child")
 
 In v2, auth providers like `GitHubProvider` could auto-load configuration from environment variables with a `FASTMCP_SERVER_AUTH_*` prefix. This magic has been removed — pass values explicitly:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before (v2) — client_id and client_secret loaded automatically
 # from FASTMCP_SERVER_AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_ID, etc.
 auth = GitHubProvider()
@@ -278,7 +282,7 @@ transport = StreamableHttpTransport("http://localhost:8000/mcp")
 
 `OpenAPIProvider` no longer accepts a `timeout` parameter. Configure timeout on the httpx2 client directly. The `client` parameter is also now optional — when omitted, a default client is created from the spec's `servers` URL with a 30-second timeout:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before
 provider = OpenAPIProvider(spec, client, timeout=60)
 
@@ -291,7 +295,7 @@ provider = OpenAPIProvider(spec, client)
 
 The FastMCP metadata key in component `meta` dicts changed from `_fastmcp` to `fastmcp`. If you read metadata from tool or resource objects, update the key:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before
 tags = tool.meta.get("_fastmcp", {}).get("tags", [])
 
@@ -309,7 +313,7 @@ Metadata is now always included — the `include_fastmcp_meta` parameter has bee
 
 In v2, `@mcp.tool` transformed your function into a `FunctionTool` object. In v3, decorators return your original function unchanged — which means decorated functions stay callable for testing, reuse, and composition:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 @mcp.tool
 def greet(name: str) -> str:
     return f"Hello, {name}!"
@@ -335,7 +339,7 @@ These were deprecated in v3. Items marked **Removed in v4** no longer work at al
 
 **mount() prefix → namespace** (Removed in v4)
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Removed in v4
 main.mount(subserver, prefix="api")
 
@@ -345,7 +349,7 @@ main.mount(subserver, namespace="api")
 
 **import_server() → mount()** (Removed in v4)
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Removed in v4
 main.import_server(subserver)
 
@@ -382,7 +386,7 @@ server = FastMCP("my_api", providers=[OpenAPIProvider(spec, client)])
 
 **add_tool_transformation() → add_transform()** (Removed in v4)
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Removed in v4
 mcp.add_tool_transformation("name", config)
 
@@ -395,7 +399,7 @@ mcp.add_transform(ToolTransform({"name": config}))
 
 The proxy target is passed positionally in both APIs, so most calls migrate unchanged. If you passed the target by keyword, note that the parameter was renamed from `backend=` to `target=`.
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Removed in v4
 proxy = FastMCP.as_proxy("http://example.com/mcp")
 proxy = FastMCP.as_proxy(backend="http://example.com/mcp")  # keyword form
@@ -424,12 +428,18 @@ server = FastMCP("my_api", providers=[OpenAPIProvider(spec, client)])
 
 ### Removed Deprecated Features
 
-- `BearerAuthProvider` → use `JWTVerifier`
-- `Context.get_http_request()` → use `get_http_request()` from dependencies
-- `from fastmcp import Image` → use `from fastmcp.utilities.types import Image`
-- `FastMCP(dependencies=[...])` → use `fastmcp.json` configuration
-- `FastMCPProxy(client=...)` → use `client_factory=lambda: ...`
-- `output_schema=False` → use `output_schema=None`
+A batch of long-deprecated surfaces came out in 2.14. Each fails loudly at import or call time, and each has a direct replacement:
+
+| Removed | Replacement |
+|---|---|
+| `BearerAuthProvider` | `JWTVerifier` — the same JWT validation under a name that says what it does |
+| `Context.get_http_request()` | `get_http_request()` from [dependency injection](/servers/dependency-injection) |
+| `from fastmcp import Image` | `from fastmcp.utilities.types import Image` |
+| `FastMCP(dependencies=[...])` | a [`fastmcp.json`](/deployment/server-configuration) configuration file |
+| `FastMCPProxy(client=...)` | `client_factory=lambda: ...` |
+| `output_schema=False` | `output_schema=None` |
+
+Two of these are worth understanding rather than just swapping. `FastMCPProxy` takes a factory instead of a client because a single shared client cannot serve concurrent proxied sessions safely — the factory gives each session its own backend connection. And `output_schema=False` became `output_schema=None` because `False` read as "this tool has a schema, and it is false"; `None` says plainly that there is no schema.
 
 ## v2.13.0
 
@@ -437,7 +447,7 @@ server = FastMCP("my_api", providers=[OpenAPIProvider(spec, client)])
 
 The OAuth proxy now issues its own JWT tokens. For production, provide explicit keys:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 auth = GitHubProvider(
     client_id=os.environ["GITHUB_CLIENT_ID"],
     client_secret=os.environ["GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET"],

docs/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3.mdx

@@ -1,52 +1,121 @@
 ---
 title: Upgrading from FastMCP 3
-sidebarTitle: "From FastMCP 3.x"
+sidebarTitle: "From FastMCP 3"
 description: What changes when you upgrade to FastMCP 4, which builds on the MCP Python SDK v2
 icon: up
 ---
 
-FastMCP 4 builds on the MCP Python SDK v2, and that is the source of every change in this guide. The SDK v2 makes two sweeping changes to the protocol layer: it splits the protocol types out of `mcp.types` into a standalone `mcp_types` package, and it renames every protocol field from camelCase to snake_case (`inputSchema` → `input_schema`, `mimeType` → `mime_type`, `isError` → `is_error`, and so on).
+FastMCP 4 builds on the MCP Python SDK v2, and that is the source of every change in this guide. The SDK v2 makes two sweeping changes to the protocol layer: it moves the protocol types into a standalone `mcp_types` package (still importable as `mcp.types`), and it renames every model field from camelCase to snake_case in Python (`inputSchema` → `input_schema`, `mimeType` → `mime_type`, `isError` → `is_error`, and so on). The wire format does not change: the models keep their camelCase aliases and serialize under them, so this renames the attributes your code reads, not the JSON on the connection.
 
-FastMCP 4 absorbs almost all of this for you. Field access is bridged so your existing reads keep working, and the imports you were taught have a stable home in FastMCP itself. The sections below describe what FastMCP handles for you, the small number of changes you must make in your own code, and the deprecation timeline for the compatibility shims.
+FastMCP 4 absorbs almost all of this for you. Field access is bridged so your existing reads keep working, and the imports you were taught have a stable home in FastMCP itself. What the SDK cannot hide is the protocol's own direction: the new sessionless era removes the server's ability to call back into a client mid-request, and background tasks moved out of the core spec into an extension. Those two shape the changes a working server is most likely to feel.
 
-## Install the v4 prerelease
+The sections below cover what FastMCP handles for you, the changes you must make in your own code, the surfaces removed outright in 4.0, the behavior shifts that compile fine but act differently, and the deprecation timeline for the compatibility shims.
 
-While FastMCP 4 is in prerelease, pin the alpha and its prerelease protocol dependencies explicitly. For a uv project, add the following to `pyproject.toml`:
+## Install the v4 Prerelease
+
+While FastMCP 4 is in prerelease, pin the beta explicitly. The `fastmcp` package is a thin wrapper that depends on `fastmcp-slim` at the same version, so asking for a prerelease of one means asking for a prerelease of the other. pip infers that on its own:
+
+```bash
+pip install "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
+```
+
+uv is stricter: it allows prereleases only for packages you name, and `fastmcp-slim` arrives transitively. Constrain it alongside the requirement in `pyproject.toml`:
 
 ```toml
 [project]
-dependencies = ["fastmcp==4.0.0a1"]
+dependencies = ["fastmcp==4.0.0b1"]
 
 [tool.uv]
-constraint-dependencies = [
-    "fastmcp-slim==4.0.0a1",
-    "mcp==2.0.0b2",
-    "mcp-types==2.0.0b2",
-]
+constraint-dependencies = ["fastmcp-slim==4.0.0b1"]
 ```
 
-Then run `uv lock` or `uv sync` normally. The constraints opt only these transitive packages into their prerelease versions; you do not need `--prerelease allow`, which permits prereleases throughout the dependency graph.
+Then run `uv lock` or `uv sync` normally. Naming the one package keeps the rest of your graph on stable releases, where `--prerelease allow` would opt every dependency into prereleases. The MCP SDK needs no constraint at all now that it ships stable releases — pinning `mcp==2.0.0b2` here would in fact break the resolution, since a prerelease does not satisfy FastMCP's own `mcp>=2.0.0` requirement.
 
-## Environment requirements
+<Prompt description="Copy this prompt into any LLM along with your server code to get automated upgrade guidance.">
+You are upgrading an MCP server or client from FastMCP 3.x to FastMCP 4, which is built on the MCP Python SDK v2.
+
+FIRST, fetch https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3 — it explains every item below, with the replacement code. Fetch https://gofastmcp.com for anything the guide doesn't cover. Do not invent a FastMCP API you have not confirmed in the docs.
+
+Then search the provided code for each signal below. Most FastMCP 3 servers upgrade untouched, so report only what you actually find.
+
+ENVIRONMENT
+- a pydantic pin below 2.12
+- a FastAPI pin below 0.133.0, the first release admitting Starlette 1.x (earlier ones cap it, e.g. 0.115.12 requires `starlette<0.47.0`), or any direct Starlette pin below 1.0.1
+
+IMPORTS THAT NO LONGER RESOLVE
+- `fastmcp.server.proxy`, `fastmcp.server.openapi`, `FastMCPOpenAPI`
+- `fastmcp.experimental.server.openapi`, `fastmcp.experimental.utilities.openapi`
+- `fastmcp.experimental.sampling.handlers`
+- `fastmcp.server.apps`, `fastmcp.server.app`
+- `fastmcp.tools.tool`, `fastmcp.resources.resource`, `fastmcp.prompts.prompt`
+- `fastmcp.server.tasks`, `fastmcp.server.sampling`
+- `fastmcp.server.auth.authorization`
+- `CurrentDocket` or `CurrentWorker` from `fastmcp.dependencies`
+- `SkillsProvider`
+- `CachableToolResult`, `CachablePromptResult`, and their siblings (the misspelling was corrected with no alias)
+- `PromptToolMiddleware`, `ResourceToolMiddleware`
+
+REMOVED SERVER METHODS AND KEYWORDS
+- `FastMCP.as_proxy(...)`
+- `import_server(...)`  ← flag this one loudly: `mount()` is the replacement but NOT an equivalent. `import_server` took a static snapshot and skipped the child's lifespan and middleware; `mount` is a live composition that runs both.
+- `mount(prefix=...)`, `mount(as_proxy=...)`
+- `add_tool_transformation(...)`, `remove_tool_transformation(...)`
+- `remove_tool(...)`  ← its replacement raises KeyError where this raised NotFoundError, so check surrounding except clauses
+- tool `serializer=`, tool `exclude_args=`
+- `StreamableHttpTransport(sse_read_timeout=...)`
+- `FASTMCP_DECORATOR_MODE` / `settings.decorator_mode`
+- `FastMCP(sampling_handler=...)`, `sampling_handler_behavior=`
+
+REMOVED CONTEXT METHODS
+- `ctx.sample(...)`, `ctx.sample_step(...)`, `ctx.list_roots(...)`
+- Note for the user: if borrowing the CALLER's model is the whole point of the server, the guide's recommendation is to stay on FastMCP 3.x rather than migrate.
+- The client side is NOT affected — `Client(sampling_handler=...)` and `Client(roots=...)` still mean what they meant.
+
+RUNTIME BREAKS THAT STILL COMPILE — the ones most likely to reach production
+- `ctx.elicit(...)` anywhere. It is era-gated in 4.0 and raises on modern connections, which is what `Client` now negotiates by default. This is the single most likely runtime failure.
+- `ctx.elicit(...)` called without `response_type`
+- `except httpx.` around any FastMCP call. FastMCP raises httpx2 exceptions now, but httpx is usually still installed transitively, so the handler imports, type-checks, and silently never matches.
+- a custom `httpx.AsyncClient`, `httpx_client_factory=`, or `httpx.Auth` handed to a FastMCP transport, `OAuth`, or `from_openapi`
+- `Middleware.on_initialize` hooks, and `ctx.set_state` values read back in a later call — neither survives a modern connection
+- middleware assuming `on_message` only sees routable requests
+- camelCase field reads (`inputSchema`, `isError`, `mimeType`, `nextCursor`, `structuredContent`, `serverInfo`, and the rest) — these still work but warn, and are scheduled for removal
+- clients matching on the resource-not-found error code -32002
+- templated resources whose parameters legitimately carry `..` or absolute paths
+- an OAuth server (`OAuthProxy` or anything built on it) with `issuer_url` set to something other than `base_url` — this forces a one-time re-authorization of every client
+
+BACKGROUND TASKS
+- `@mcp.tool(task=True)` or `TaskConfig` without `mcp.add_extension(TasksExtension())`
+- `task=` on a `@mcp.resource` or `@mcp.prompt` decorator (tools only now)
+- `client.call_tool(..., task=True)`, `read_resource(task=True)`, `get_prompt(task=True)`
+
+ERRORS
+- `McpError(ErrorData(...))` positional construction. Catching and `err.error.code` are unchanged; only construction moved.
+
+For each item found, show the original line, name what changed, and give the corrected code from the guide. Where you could not confirm a replacement in the docs, say so instead of guessing.
+</Prompt>
+
+## Environment Requirements
 
 The SDK v2 raises FastMCP's dependency floors, which matters before any of your code runs.
 
 **pydantic >= 2.12 is now the floor.** If your project pins an older pydantic (for example `pydantic==2.11.*`), installing this FastMCP release fails with an unsatisfiable-resolution error from your installer — bump your pin to `>=2.12` first. If you don't pin pydantic at all, installers upgrade it silently as part of the FastMCP upgrade.
 
-**The server extra floors Starlette >= 1.0.1.** Modern FastAPI (0.11x and later) already runs on Starlette 1.x, so mounting a FastMCP server inside a FastAPI app coexists cleanly — verified with FastAPI 0.138.2. Only very old FastAPI versions pinned below Starlette 1.0.1 conflict; upgrade FastAPI if your resolver complains about Starlette.
+**The server extra floors Starlette >= 1.0.1.** This is the requirement most likely to force an unrelated upgrade, because FastAPI pinned Starlette to a sub-1.0 range for a long time — FastAPI 0.115.12, for example, requires `starlette<0.47.0`. **FastAPI 0.133.0 is the first release that admits Starlette 1.x**, so a project pinned below that gets an unsatisfiable resolution rather than a version bump. Raise your FastAPI pin to `>=0.133.0` before upgrading FastMCP. Mounting a FastMCP server inside a FastAPI app is otherwise unaffected — verified against FastAPI 0.135.2 on Starlette 1.3.1.
 
-## What FastMCP absorbs
+## What FastMCP Absorbs
 
-### Legacy camelCase field access keeps working
+### camelCase Field Access
 
 Objects that FastMCP hands back to you — the results of `client.list_tools()`, `client.call_tool_mcp()`, `client.read_resource()`, and the parameter objects passed to your sampling and elicitation handlers — are SDK v2 objects with snake_case fields. FastMCP installs a compatibility bridge at import time that routes the old camelCase names to their new snake_case fields, so code written against FastMCP 2.x still reads correctly:
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import Client
 
-async with Client("my_mcp_server.py") as client:
-    tools = await client.list_tools()
-    schema = tools[0].inputSchema  # still works, warns once
+
+async def read_schema():
+    async with Client("my_mcp_server.py") as client:
+        tools = await client.list_tools()
+        return tools[0].inputSchema  # still works, warns once
 ```
 
 Each bridged read emits a `FastMCPDeprecationWarning` pointing you at the snake_case name (`tools[0].input_schema` here). The bridge covers the fields users actually read: `inputSchema`/`outputSchema` on tools; `readOnlyHint`, `destructiveHint`, `idempotentHint`, and `openWorldHint` on tool annotations; `mimeType` on resources and content; `isError`/`structuredContent` on tool results; `nextCursor` on paginated results; `serverInfo`/`protocolVersion` on the initialize result; the sampling parameter fields (`systemPrompt`, `maxTokens`, `stopSequences`, `modelPreferences`, `toolChoice`); and `requestedSchema` on elicitation parameters.
@@ -61,17 +130,19 @@ fastmcp.settings.mcp_camelcase_compat = False
 
 See [Settings](/more/settings) for the full reference.
 
-### Protocol types moved to `mcp_types`
+### Protocol Types
 
-The `mcp.types` module no longer exists. Every protocol type — `TextContent`, `ImageContent`, `Tool`, `ErrorData`, `Icon`, `PromptMessage`, `SamplingMessage`, `ToolAnnotations`, notification and request wrapper types like `ToolListChangedNotification`, and everything else — now lives in the standalone `mcp_types` package. Update your imports to point there:
+Every protocol type — `TextContent`, `ImageContent`, `Tool`, `ErrorData`, `Icon`, `PromptMessage`, `SamplingMessage`, `ToolAnnotations`, notification and request wrapper types like `ToolListChangedNotification`, and everything else — now lives in a standalone `mcp_types` package. The SDK re-exports that package as `mcp.types`, so existing imports keep working and stay the preferred spelling:
 
 ```python
-from mcp_types import TextContent, Tool, ToolAnnotations
+from mcp.types import TextContent, Tool, ToolAnnotations
 ```
 
+Both names resolve to the same objects, so `from mcp_types import X` is equally valid — useful if you depend on the types without the rest of the SDK. What did change is the fields on those types: they are snake_case now (`input_schema`, not `inputSchema`), which the [compatibility bridge](#legacy-camelcase-field-access-keeps-working) covers for the objects FastMCP hands you.
+
 `fastmcp.types` still exists, but holds only types FastMCP defines itself (currently just `Textarea`, used to render a multiline textarea in form-based UIs) — it does not re-export protocol types.
 
-### `McpError` has an alias
+### The `McpError` Alias
 
 `fastmcp.exceptions.McpError` is an alias of the SDK's `MCPError`. Catching errors is unchanged — `except McpError` still catches SDK-raised errors, and reading `err.error.code` still works:
 
@@ -84,7 +155,7 @@ except McpError as err:
     print(err.error.code)
 ```
 
-### Behavior preserved across the SDK boundary
+### Preserved Behavior
 
 A few client behaviors that touch the SDK are preserved so you don't have to change anything:
 
@@ -92,17 +163,9 @@ A few client behaviors that touch the SDK are preserved so you don't have to cha
 - `client.ping()` returns a `bool`.
 - `client.transport.get_session_id()` returns `None` on protocol eras that have no session, rather than raising. (The SDK v2 removed session-id access from its streamable HTTP transport; FastMCP reconstructs it on the transport object.)
 
-## What you must change
+## What You Must Change
 
-Everything above, FastMCP handled for you. What remains lives in your own code, where FastMCP can't reach it — your imports, how you construct errors, the custom HTTP clients you hand to a transport, and any place you reach past FastMCP's surfaces into the raw SDK objects. Each surfaces as a clear failure at import or call time, and each is a mechanical fix.
-
-**Your own `mcp.types` imports.** FastMCP can re-export types, but it can't rewrite imports in your code. Any `from mcp.types import X` or `import mcp.types` in your server or client fails at import time with:
-
-```
-ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'mcp.types'
-```
-
-The raw message gives no hint toward the fix, so if you see it after upgrading, this is why. Switch to `from mcp_types import X`.
+Everything above, FastMCP handled for you. What remains lives in your own code, where FastMCP can't reach it — how you construct errors, the custom HTTP clients you hand to a transport, and any place you reach past FastMCP's surfaces into the raw SDK objects. Each surfaces as a clear failure at import or call time, and each is a mechanical fix.
 
 **`McpError` construction.** The v1 pattern of wrapping an `ErrorData` and passing it positionally fails under SDK v2 with:
 
@@ -112,7 +175,7 @@ TypeError: MCPError.__init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'message'
 
 Note the message prints the class as `MCPError` (uppercase) even though your code wrote `McpError` — the old name is an alias for the SDK's renamed class. Construct the error with keyword arguments instead:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 from fastmcp.exceptions import McpError
 
 # Before (raises TypeError under SDK v2):
@@ -128,7 +191,7 @@ Catching and `err.error.code` are unchanged — only construction moved.
 
 **FastMCP now uses httpx2 exclusively.** FastMCP has replaced `httpx` with [httpx2](https://pypi.org/project/httpx2/), a next-generation httpx fork, across its entire HTTP stack — client transports and every server-side path (auth providers, the OpenAPI integration, the version check). `httpx` is no longer a FastMCP dependency. If you pass a custom client or factory into a FastMCP client transport — `StreamableHttpTransport(httpx_client_factory=...)`, `SSETransport(httpx_client_factory=...)`, `OAuth(httpx_client_factory=...)`, or a custom `httpx.Auth` as `Client(auth=...)` — those objects must now be httpx2. httpx2 is a drop-in fork with the same public API, so the change is an import swap:
 
-```python
+```python test="skip"
 # Before
 import httpx
 
@@ -146,17 +209,19 @@ transport = StreamableHttpTransport(
 )
 ```
 
-The `client` you pass to `FastMCP.from_openapi(client=...)` (and `OpenAPIProvider(client=...)`) is now type-hinted `httpx2.AsyncClient`. FastMCP does not gate on the type, so an existing `httpx.AsyncClient` keeps working at runtime via duck-typing this release — but switching it to `httpx2.AsyncClient` clears the type hint and is the supported path going forward. HTTP made inside your own tools is entirely yours and is unaffected either way.
+The `client` you pass to `FastMCP.from_openapi(client=...)` (and `OpenAPIProvider(client=...)`) should now be an `httpx2.AsyncClient`. Existing `httpx.AsyncClient` instances remain temporarily accepted via duck typing, but emit a `FastMCPDeprecationWarning` and will be rejected in a future release. HTTP made inside your own tools is entirely yours and is unaffected.
 
 **The subtlest break is exception handlers, and no type checker will catch it.** `httpx` very likely remains installed in your environment (the Anthropic, OpenAI, and Google SDKs all depend on it), so code that catches old-httpx exceptions around FastMCP calls still imports and still type-checks — it just never matches, because FastMCP now raises `httpx2` exceptions. The handler silently becomes dead code:
 
 ```python
 import httpx  # still installed transitively — this import works
 
-try:
-    result = await client.call_tool("fetch", {"url": url})
-except httpx.ConnectError:  # dead code: FastMCP now raises httpx2.ConnectError
-    return fallback()
+
+async def fetch(client, url):
+    try:
+        return await client.call_tool("fetch", {"url": url})
+    except httpx.ConnectError:  # dead code: FastMCP now raises httpx2.ConnectError
+        return fallback()
 ```
 
 Grep your codebase for `except httpx.` and move those handlers to `httpx2`. The exception hierarchies match name-for-name, so the fix is an import swap — the hard part is remembering to look. One place you are covered automatically: exceptions raised *inside your tools and resources* (for example, a tool whose own old-httpx call gets a 429) are still mapped to `ToolError`/`ResourceError` by FastMCP's error boundary, which recognizes both libraries' exceptions during the transition.
@@ -167,7 +232,7 @@ Two runtime behaviors shift with httpx2, and because the switch is now wholesale
 
 Deprecations that warned throughout the 3.x line are removed in 4.0. Unlike the bridged changes above, these fail immediately at the call site — a `ModuleNotFoundError`, `ImportError`, `AttributeError`, or `TypeError` — so nothing degrades silently. Every one has a direct replacement, and the fix is mechanical.
 
-### Moved imports
+### Moved Imports
 
 The proxy, OpenAPI, and app integrations moved to their permanent homes, and the internal component classes are no longer re-exported from their old aliases:
 
@@ -178,13 +243,23 @@ The proxy, OpenAPI, and app integrations moved to their permanent homes, and the
 | `fastmcp.experimental.server.openapi` | `fastmcp.server.providers.openapi` |
 | `fastmcp.experimental.utilities.openapi` | `fastmcp.utilities.openapi` |
 | `fastmcp.server.apps`, `fastmcp.server.app` | `fastmcp.apps` (e.g. `AppConfig`) or `fastmcp` (`FastMCPApp`) |
+| `Tool` / `ToolResult` from `fastmcp.tools.tool` | `fastmcp.tools` |
+| `Resource` from `fastmcp.resources.resource` | `fastmcp.resources` |
+| `Prompt` / `Message` from `fastmcp.prompts.prompt` | `fastmcp.prompts` |
 | `FunctionTool` / `ParsedFunction` / `tool` from `fastmcp.tools.tool` | `fastmcp.tools.function_tool` |
 | `FunctionResource` / `resource` from `fastmcp.resources.resource` | `fastmcp.resources.function_resource` |
 | `FunctionPrompt` / `prompt` from `fastmcp.prompts.prompt` | `fastmcp.prompts.function_prompt` |
+| `OpenAISamplingHandler` from `fastmcp.experimental.sampling.handlers` | `fastmcp.client.sampling.handlers.openai` |
+| `AuthCheck` / `AuthContext` / `require_scopes` / `require_roles` / `restrict_tag` / `run_auth_checks` from `fastmcp.server.auth.authorization` | `fastmcp.server.auth` |
+| `run_auth_checks_with_shortfall` / `scope_requirements` from `fastmcp.server.auth.authorization` | `fastmcp.utilities.authorization` |
+| `SkillsProvider` | `SkillsDirectoryProvider` from `fastmcp.server.providers.skills` |
+| `TaskConfig` from `fastmcp.server.tasks` | `fastmcp.utilities.tasks` |
+| `CurrentDocket` / `CurrentWorker` from `fastmcp.dependencies` | `fastmcp_tasks.dependencies` |
+| `fastmcp.server.sampling` (and `SamplingTool`) | removed with [server-side sampling](#protocol-version-support) |
 
 Two renames in the same family are worth calling out because they have no compatibility alias. The response-caching wrapper models lost a spelling typo — `CachableToolResult`, `CachablePromptResult`, and their siblings became `CacheableToolResult`, `CacheablePromptResult`, etc. — so an import of the old spelling from `fastmcp.server.middleware.caching` raises `ImportError`. And `PromptToolMiddleware` / `ResourceToolMiddleware` are gone in favor of the `PromptsAsTools` / `ResourcesAsTools` transforms from `fastmcp.server.transforms` (the `ToolInjectionMiddleware` base class is retained).
 
-### Removed server methods and `mount()` keywords
+### Removed Server Methods
 
 These `FastMCP` methods and keywords have warned since 3.0 and are now removed:
 
@@ -204,72 +279,177 @@ Two of these replacements are not exact behavioral swaps. `create_proxy` takes i
 
 `import_server` → `mount` is the one row here that is not a mechanical swap, because the two never had the same semantics. `import_server` took a **one-time static snapshot** — it copied the child's tools, resources, and prompts at call time, with no live link, and did not run the child's lifespan or middleware. `mount` is a **live composition** — it holds a live link to the child and runs the child's lifespan and middleware. After switching, later changes to the child become visible through the parent, the child's lifespan runs with the parent's (entered when the server starts, held until it stops — not per request), and the child's middleware runs on the operations delegated to it. If you depended on the frozen-copy behavior (a stable snapshot, no child lifecycle), there is no drop-in replacement: register the child's components on the parent directly instead of composing the two servers.
 
-### Removed tool and decorator parameters
+### Removed Parameters
 
-Two `@tool` parameters and two settings are gone:
+Several parameters and settings that warned in 3.x are gone:
 
 - **Tool `serializer=`** is removed from `@tool` / `mcp.tool()`, `Tool.from_function`, `Tool.from_tool`, and the OpenAPI tool. Return a `ToolResult` from your tool for full control over serialization instead.
 - **Tool `exclude_args=`** is removed. Hide a parameter from the tool schema by injecting it instead: give it a `Depends(factory)` default (from `fastmcp.dependencies`), where `factory` is a callable returning the value the argument used to carry. An injected parameter never appears in the tool's schema, which is what `exclude_args` was for.
 - **The `decorator_mode` setting** (`FASTMCP_DECORATOR_MODE`) and its `"object"` mode are removed. Decorators always return your original function with metadata attached; reach the component object through the server (`await mcp.get_tool("name")`) rather than off the decorated function.
 - **`StreamableHttpTransport(sse_read_timeout=...)`** is removed — it was a no-op under the SDK v2 client. Set the read timeout through the public `Client(transport, timeout=...)` (a `timedelta` or float seconds), or reach for a custom `httpx_client_factory` when you need finer control. (`SSETransport` still accepts `sse_read_timeout`.)
+- **`ctx.elicit()` now requires `response_type`.** Omitting it (or passing `None`) has warned since 3.2 and now raises `TypeError`. The empty-object schema it produced gave clients nothing to render, and some showed an empty, non-functional form. Pass a type describing what you expect back — `bool` is the right answer for a confirmation:
 
-## Behavior changes to verify
+  ```python test="skip"
+  # Before
+  result = await ctx.elicit("Approve this action?")
 
-Two server-side behaviors changed in ways that compile fine but can surface at runtime.
+  # After
+  result = await ctx.elicit("Approve this action?", response_type=bool)
+  ```
+
+  This is the server-authoring API only. Client elicitation handlers still receive `response_type=None` for URL requests and for empty schemas sent by other servers — that contract is unchanged.
+
+### Background Tasks
+
+Background tasks left the core MCP spec during the SDK v2 rebuild and came back as the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension (SEP-2663). FastMCP follows the protocol: what was a built-in server feature in 3.x is now a registered extension, and the authoring surface changed on both sides of the connection.
+
+The extension ships in a separate package, so the pin from [Install the v4 Prerelease](#install-the-v4-prerelease) needs one more entry before any of this imports:
+
+```toml
+[project]
+dependencies = ["fastmcp[tasks]==4.0.0b1"]
+
+[tool.uv]
+constraint-dependencies = [
+    "fastmcp-slim==4.0.0b1",
+    "fastmcp-tasks==4.0.0b1",
+    "mcp==2.0.0b2",
+    "mcp-types==2.0.0b2",
+]
+```
+
+On the server, `task=True` still marks a tool as capable of running in the background, but it no longer runs anything by itself — the extension does. Register it, or the server refuses to start:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+from fastmcp_tasks import TasksExtension
+
+mcp = FastMCP("MyServer")
+mcp.add_extension(TasksExtension())
+
+@mcp.tool(task=True)
+async def slow_computation(duration: int) -> str:
+    """A long-running operation."""
+    return "done"
+```
+
+Without the registration, a `task=True` tool raises at startup rather than the first time a client calls the tool:
+
+```
+RuntimeError: Task-enabled tools (slow_computation) require the tasks extension,
+but no extension with identifier 'io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks' is registered.
+```
+
+`TaskConfig` moved from `fastmcp.server.tasks` to `fastmcp.utilities.tasks`, and the `CurrentDocket` and `CurrentWorker` dependencies moved to `fastmcp_tasks.dependencies`.
+
+`task=` is now a tool-only keyword. FastMCP 3 accepted it on resource, resource-template, and prompt decorators as well; passing it to `@mcp.resource` or `@mcp.prompt` now raises `TypeError`, and there is no replacement — the extension tasks tool calls only.
+
+The client API changed shape entirely. In 3.x you opted a single call into background execution with `task=True` and got a handle back. In 4.0 `call_tool` handles a tasked call transparently: if the server runs the call in the background, the client polls it to completion and returns the same result a synchronous call would have produced.
+
+```python
+import fastmcp_tasks  # noqa: F401  — importing anywhere enables client task support
+from fastmcp import Client
+
+
+async def run(server):
+    async with Client(server) as client:
+        return await client.call_tool("slow_computation", {"duration": 10})
+```
+
+When you want the handle — to do other work while the task runs, check on it, or cancel it — `call_tool_task` returns one immediately:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import Client
+from fastmcp_tasks import call_tool_task
+
+
+async def run(server):
+    async with Client(server) as client:
+        task = await call_tool_task(client, "slow_computation", {"duration": 10})
+        return await task.result()
+```
+
+Three things follow from this. `client.call_tool(name, args, task=True)` raises `TypeError`, as do `read_resource(task=True)` and `get_prompt(task=True)` — and those last two have no replacement. Client task support requires `fastmcp_tasks` to be imported somewhere in the process, since that import is what makes a `Client` advertise the capability. And tasks are negotiated only on modern connections, so a `mode="legacy"` client never gets them. See [Background Tasks](/servers/tasks) for the full picture.
+
+## Behavior Changes
+
+These changes compile fine and can surface at runtime. The first is the one most likely to bite a working 3.x server.
+
+**`ctx.elicit()` no longer reaches a default client.** Elicitation is era-gated in 4.0: `ctx.elicit()` works on handshake-era connections (≤ 2025-11-25) and raises on the modern `2026-07-28` protocol, which has no back-channel for a running tool to push a request down. Because `fastmcp.Client` now defaults to `mode="auto"`, an ordinary client negotiates the modern era against a FastMCP server — so a tool that elicited happily in 3.x now fails the call:
+
+```
+ToolError: elicitation via server-initiated requests is unavailable on 2026-07-28 connections.
+```
+
+The gate is strict in both directions, which is what makes it debuggable: a guard tool that returns an input request on a handshake connection raises the mirror-image error rather than misbehaving quietly. You have three ways forward. Rewrite the tool as a guard tool that *returns* a description of the input it needs, which is the form that works on modern connections. Branch on `ctx.request_context.protocol_version` and keep both paths if you serve both eras. Or keep this server's clients on the handshake era with `Client(server, mode="legacy")`, which leaves `ctx.elicit()` working as written. See [Elicitation](/servers/elicitation#which-approach-to-use) for the two shapes side by side.
+
+**Middleware sees traffic it never saw before.** Dispatch now begins in the SDK's middleware layer, the single point every inbound message passes through, so `on_message`, `on_request`, and `on_notification` observe *every* message a client sends — including `notifications/cancelled`, `notifications/initialized`, and `notifications/progress`, and including requests that fail before reaching a handler, such as an unknown method or a `tools/call` whose params fail validation. In 3.x those never reached your hooks. Middleware that assumed every message it saw was a routable request, or that counted messages to measure tool traffic, needs a guard on the message type. The operation hooks (`on_call_tool`, `on_list_tools`, and the rest) are unaffected: they still fire exactly once per request and still receive typed component results. See [What middleware sees](/servers/middleware#what-middleware-sees).
 
 **Templated resources are path-screened by default.** Every templated resource now has its extracted parameter values checked for path-traversal (`..` segments), absolute paths, and null bytes *before your handler runs*, at the server's read chokepoint. A rejected read returns a non-leaky "resource not found" error. Only a standalone `..` segment counts as traversal, so values that merely contain dots (`file.tar.gz`, `HEAD~3..HEAD`) and dotfiles (`.env`) still pass. If a template legitimately accepts `..`-bearing or absolute values, exempt the parameter with `ResourceSecurity(exempt_params={...})`, disable the check per-component with `security=None`, or set a server-wide default with `FastMCP(resource_security=...)`. See [Resources → Path Security](/servers/resources#path-security).
 
 **Resource-not-found now returns `-32602`.** The wire error code for a missing resource from the core `resources/read` handler changed from `-32002` to `-32602` (`INVALID_PARAMS`, per SEP-2164). The human-readable message ("Resource not found: ...") is unchanged, so this only affects clients that matched on the numeric code — update those to expect `-32602`. (The opt-in `ErrorHandlingMiddleware` keeps its own per-method-prefix code mapping; if you run it with `transform_errors=True` it can still map not-found to a different code, so it is unaffected by this change.)
 
-## Deprecation timeline
+**An OAuth server whose `issuer_url` differs from its `base_url` re-authorizes its clients once.** `issuer_url` exists so a server's OAuth identity can differ from the URL its endpoints are mounted at — the usual case being a server under `/api` whose discovery lives at the host root. It now supplies the `issuer` in the authorization server metadata, the `iss` claim on every token the server mints, and the RFC 9207 `iss` on authorization responses; `base_url` still supplies `authorization_endpoint`, `token_endpoint`, and the rest, because that is where the routes are actually mounted. Both values previously came from `base_url`, which published an `issuer` contradicting the URL the client had just performed discovery at — a document RFC 8414 §3.3 requires a strict client to reject.
+
+The cost of the correction is the `iss` on tokens already in the wild, so it falls on the providers that mint their own tokens — `OAuthProxy` and everything built on it. Access *and* refresh tokens carry the claim, and the verifier compares it exactly, so clients cannot refresh their way across the upgrade; it is a one-time full re-authorization. Interactive clients re-prompt and recover on their own, while a headless deployment holding a long-lived refresh token needs someone to re-authorize it. Plan the upgrade for a window where that is acceptable. If an identity provider mints SEP-990 ID-JAG assertions for this server, repoint their `aud` at the new issuer too — unless you pin the expected value with `IdentityAssertion(audience=...)`, which overrides the issuer and keeps working untouched.
+
+Servers that leave `issuer_url` unset, or set it to the same value as `base_url`, are unaffected. It defaults to `base_url`, and the metadata and minted `iss` are byte-identical to what 3.x produced.
+
+## Deprecation Timeline
 
 The camelCase bridge is a migration aid, not a permanent fixture. It works today and warns on every bridged read so you can find and update the affected call sites. Plan to migrate your reads to snake_case: the shims will be removed in a future release, after which only the snake_case names resolve — the same state you get today by setting `mcp_camelcase_compat = False`. Turning the setting off is a good way to surface every remaining camelCase read in your code as a hard `AttributeError` before the shims go away.
 
-## SDK deprecation warnings you may see
+## SDK Deprecation Warnings
 
-Ordinary use of `ctx.info` (client logging) and `ctx.sample` now emits an SDK-level `MCPDeprecationWarning`:
+Ordinary use of `ctx.info` (client logging) emits an SDK-level `MCPDeprecationWarning`:
 
 ```
-The logging/sampling capability is deprecated as of 2026-07-28 (SEP-2577)
+The logging capability is deprecated as of 2026-07-28 (SEP-2577)
 ```
 
-These warnings come from the MCP SDK, not from FastMCP. For logging they are benign: `ctx.info` keeps working on session-based connections exactly as the protocol table below describes, and the SDK is only signaling the protocol's direction. For sampling, FastMCP additionally emits its own `FastMCPDeprecationWarning`: `ctx.sample` and `ctx.sample_step` are deprecated and slated for removal, so treat that warning as a prompt to migrate to server-side LLM calls rather than as informational.
+The warning comes from the MCP SDK, not from FastMCP, and it is benign. `ctx.info` and the rest of the logging methods keep working on every era, including the modern one — a log message is a *notification*, which rides the response stream the caller already opened. The SDK is signaling the protocol's direction for the capability declaration, not the notification itself.
 
-## Protocol version support
+## Protocol Version Support
 
 FastMCP servers built on the SDK v2 serve multiple protocol eras from the same server. The SDK negotiates the era each client speaks: the sessionless `2026-07-28` era (which discovers capabilities through `server/discover`) and earlier session-based handshake versions are all handled simultaneously. This formally supersedes FastMCP's earlier "latest protocol only" stance — a single server now works with clients across the protocol transition.
 
-Not every Context feature is available on every era yet. The imperative push APIs that call back into the client mid-execution — `ctx.elicit`, `ctx.sample`, and `ctx.list_roots` — depend on the session-based back-channel of the earlier eras, so on a `2026-07-28` connection they raise a clear, era-aware error rather than reaching the client. Elicitation itself still reaches the user on the modern era, through the guard pattern: a tool *returns* an `InputRequiredResult` describing what it needs, and the client answers with a fresh call (see [Elicitation on the modern protocol](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)). Logging notifications and the request/response features flow on every era.
+**`ctx.sample()`, `ctx.sample_step()`, and `ctx.list_roots()` are gone from `Context`**, along with the `sampling_handler=` and `sampling_handler_behavior=` arguments to `FastMCP()`. Touching a removed method raises `AttributeError` on every era, and `FastMCP(sampling_handler=...)` raises a `TypeError` naming the migration, so the break surfaces when you upgrade rather than in production against whichever client happens to negotiate the modern era.
 
-Sampling is the exception that does not come back, and the reason is the protocol rather than an unfinished FastMCP feature. SEP-2577 deprecated server-initiated sampling, so `ctx.sample` and `ctx.sample_step` are **deprecated** and will be removed in a future FastMCP release. Elicitation moved to the guard pattern because the modern protocol still carries elicitation requests; sampling has no equivalent path because the protocol deprecated the pattern itself. The migration is to call an LLM directly from your server rather than borrowing the client's model. See [Sampling](/servers/sampling) for details.
+All three *pushed*: the server sent a request down a live back-channel and blocked for the answer, and the sessionless protocol has no such channel. Since `fastmcp.Client` now negotiates the modern protocol by default, a method like that would fail against a default client. What the protocol removed is the pushing, not the asking — sampling, elicitation, and roots all still reach the client through the [guard pattern](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol), where a tool *returns* an `InputRequiredResult` describing what it needs, the client answers, and it calls again with the answer attached.
+
+Migrating differs by capability. For **roots**, the guard pattern is the direct replacement: a server asks once and has what it needs, so the extra round buys the whole answer, and taking the paths as tool arguments is simpler still when the caller can just supply them. For **sampling**, the guard route works the same way, but generation usually belongs in your server, because every round is a full request-response cycle and a generation loop pays that cost repeatedly. [Call an LLM from your server](/servers/sampling) with your own API key and your tool behaves the same for every client, including the many that never implemented sampling; reach for the guard route when the point is specifically to use the caller's model. If borrowing the caller's model *is* your server — you hold no key of your own, and the token bill was never yours to pay — staying on FastMCP 3.x is the honest answer until that changes.
 
 | Context feature | Earlier eras (session-based) | `2026-07-28` (sessionless) |
 | --- | --- | --- |
 | `ctx.info` / logging notifications | Supported | Supported |
 | Tools, resources, prompts, completions | Supported | Supported |
-| `ctx.elicit` | Supported | Use the guard pattern (return `InputRequiredResult`) |
-| `ctx.sample` / `ctx.sample_step` | Supported (deprecated) | Removed — call an LLM server-side |
-| `ctx.list_roots` | Supported | Via the guard pattern (`input_requests` carries roots requests) |
+| `ctx.elicit` | Supported | Raises — use the guard pattern (return `InputRequiredResult`) |
+| `ctx.sample` / `ctx.sample_step` | Method removed — call an LLM server-side | Method removed — call an LLM server-side, or ask via the guard pattern |
+| `ctx.list_roots` | Method removed — take paths as tool arguments | Method removed — ask via the guard pattern, or take paths as tool arguments |
+| `client.set_logging_level()` | Supported | Raises — `logging/setLevel` needs session state the era lacks |
 | `Middleware.on_initialize` | Runs on connect | Never runs — there is no `initialize` handshake |
 | Session state (`ctx.set_state` across calls) | Persists for the session | Does not persist — every request is a fresh connection |
 | Background tasks (`task=True`) | Runs synchronously — never tasked | Supported via the tasks extension |
 
-If your tools rely on `ctx.elicit` or `ctx.list_roots`, they continue to work against clients on the earlier eras; on the modern era, reach for the guard pattern instead (see [Elicitation on the modern protocol](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol)). Sampling is deprecated on every era and will not return on modern connections — migrate those tools to server-side LLM calls.
+Several of these bite by default now, because **`fastmcp.Client` defaults to `mode="auto"`** in v4 — an ordinary `Client(server)` negotiates the newest protocol both sides share, which against a FastMCP server is the sessionless `2026-07-28` era. On that era there is no `initialize` handshake, so a `Middleware.on_initialize` hook never runs; each request is a fresh connection, so state written with `ctx.set_state` in one call is not visible in the next; and a tool that calls [`ctx.elicit()`](#behavior-changes) raises. A server that gates access in `on_initialize`, relies on per-session state, or elicits mid-tool must keep its clients on the session-based era. The control is per-client: `Client(server, mode="legacy")`. There is no server-side setting that restricts which protocol versions a server offers, so a server whose behavior depends on the handshake era depends on its callers opting into it — which is only practical when you control them. If you don't, port the behavior instead: a guard tool for elicitation, [session state](/servers/sessions) for what `ctx.set_state` held, and per-request auth checks for what `on_initialize` gated.
 
-Two of these bite by default now, because **`fastmcp.Client` defaults to `mode="auto"`** in v4 — an ordinary `Client(server)` negotiates the newest protocol both sides share, which against a FastMCP server is the sessionless `2026-07-28` era. On that era there is no `initialize` handshake, so a `Middleware.on_initialize` hook never runs; and each request is a fresh connection, so state written with `ctx.set_state` in one call is not visible in the next. A server that gates access in `on_initialize` or relies on per-session state must keep its clients on the session-based era. The narrow escape is per-client: `Client(server, mode="legacy")`. The durable, server-side answer is to declare the versions the server actually serves so a modern client is refused at connect time rather than silently losing those features — see the server's protocol-version restriction (added alongside this change).
+The client side is unaffected. `sampling_handler=` and `roots=` mean what they always did — see [client sampling](/clients/sampling) and [client roots](/clients/roots) — and one registration serves both routes, since a handshake-era server's pushed request and a modern server's returned one dispatch to the same handler.
 
-## Upgrade checklist
+## Upgrade Checklist
 
 Most servers upgrade untouched. Work down this list to find the ones that don't:
 
 1. **Bump your environment.** Raise any pin below `pydantic>=2.12`; upgrade FastAPI if your resolver complains about Starlette `<1.0.1`.
-2. **Fix imports that moved out.** Replace `from mcp.types import X` with `from mcp_types import X`, and update any import from the [removed modules](#moved-imports) (`fastmcp.server.proxy`, `fastmcp.server.openapi`, `fastmcp.server.apps`, the `fastmcp.tools.tool` / `resources.resource` / `prompts.prompt` component shims).
-3. **Update removed server APIs.** Swap `as_proxy` → `create_proxy`, `import_server` → `mount`, `mount(prefix=)` → `mount(namespace=)`, and the [other removed methods and keywords](#removed-server-methods-and-mount-keywords).
-4. **Update removed tool parameters.** Replace tool `serializer=` (return a `ToolResult`), `exclude_args=` (use `Depends()`), and `StreamableHttpTransport(sse_read_timeout=)`.
-5. **Fix `McpError` construction.** Positional `McpError(ErrorData(...))` becomes keyword `McpError(code=..., message=...)`. Catching is unchanged.
-6. **Move httpx to httpx2.** Grep for `except httpx.` and for custom `httpx_client_factory` / `httpx.Auth` objects handed to FastMCP, and swap the import to `httpx2`.
-7. **Decide the client era.** `Client` now defaults to `mode="auto"`. If a server relies on `on_initialize` or per-session state, keep its clients on `mode="legacy"` or restrict the server's served protocol versions.
-8. **Verify behavior changes.** Confirm templated resources that legitimately accept `..` or absolute paths are exempted, and update any client that matched the old `-32002` resource-not-found code.
-9. **Run with the camelCase bridge off.** Set `mcp_camelcase_compat = False` (or `FASTMCP_MCP_CAMELCASE_COMPAT=false`) in CI to surface every remaining camelCase read as a hard `AttributeError` before the shims are removed.
+2. **Fix imports that moved out.** `from mcp.types import X` still works, but update any import from the [removed modules](#moved-imports) (`fastmcp.server.proxy`, `fastmcp.server.openapi`, `fastmcp.server.apps`, the `fastmcp.tools.tool` / `resources.resource` / `prompts.prompt` component shims).
+3. **Update removed server APIs.** Swap `as_proxy` → `create_proxy`, `import_server` → `mount`, `mount(prefix=)` → `mount(namespace=)`, and the [other removed methods and keywords](#removed-server-methods).
+4. **Replace `ctx.sample` and `ctx.list_roots`.** Both are gone from `Context`, as are `FastMCP(sampling_handler=...)` and `sampling_handler_behavior=`. Call an LLM directly from your server for generation; ask for roots through the guard pattern, or take file paths as tool arguments. A server whose purpose is to use the caller's model should stay on FastMCP 3.x rather than migrate.
+5. **Find every `ctx.elicit()` call.** It raises on modern connections, which is what a default client now negotiates. Rewrite the tool as a guard tool, branch on `ctx.request_context.protocol_version`, or keep its clients on `mode="legacy"` — see [the era gate](#behavior-changes).
+6. **Register the tasks extension.** A `task=True` tool needs `mcp.add_extension(TasksExtension())` or the server won't start. Drop `task=` from resource and prompt decorators, move `TaskConfig` to `fastmcp.utilities.tasks`, and replace client-side `call_tool(..., task=True)` with plain `call_tool` or `call_tool_task`.
+7. **Update removed tool parameters.** Replace tool `serializer=` (return a `ToolResult`), `exclude_args=` (use `Depends()`), and `StreamableHttpTransport(sse_read_timeout=)`.
+8. **Fix `McpError` construction.** Positional `McpError(ErrorData(...))` becomes keyword `McpError(code=..., message=...)`. Catching is unchanged.
+9. **Move httpx to httpx2.** Grep for `except httpx.` and for custom `httpx_client_factory` / `httpx.Auth` objects handed to FastMCP, and swap the import to `httpx2`.
+10. **Decide the client era.** `Client` now defaults to `mode="auto"`. If a server relies on `on_initialize`, per-session state, or `ctx.elicit()`, keep its clients on `mode="legacy"`, or port the behavior forward — there is no server-side protocol-version restriction.
+11. **Verify behavior changes.** Confirm templated resources that legitimately accept `..` or absolute paths are exempted, guard any middleware that now sees notifications and unroutable requests, update any client that matched the old `-32002` resource-not-found code, and if your server mints its own OAuth tokens (`OAuthProxy` and the providers built on it) under an `issuer_url` that differs from its `base_url`, schedule the [one-time re-authorization](#behavior-changes) its clients now need.
+12. **Run with the camelCase bridge off.** Set `mcp_camelcase_compat = False` (or `FASTMCP_MCP_CAMELCASE_COMPAT=false`) in CI to surface every remaining camelCase read as a hard `AttributeError` before the shims are removed.
 
 The executable version of this checklist lives in [`tests/test_upgrade_from_v3.py`](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/tests/test_upgrade_from_v3.py): it builds representative 3.x-style servers and asserts they run unchanged, and pins every removed surface to the exact error it now raises.

docs/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1.mdx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
-title: Upgrading from the MCP Low-Level SDK
-sidebarTitle: "From MCP Low-Level SDK"
-description: Upgrade your MCP server from the low-level Python SDK's Server class to FastMCP
+title: Upgrading from the Low-Level SDK v1
+sidebarTitle: "From Low-Level SDK v1"
+description: Upgrade your MCP server from v1 of the low-level Python SDK's Server class to FastMCP
 icon: up
 ---
 
@@ -9,78 +9,89 @@ If you've been building MCP servers directly on the `mcp` package's `Server` cla
 
 The core idea: instead of telling the SDK what your tools look like and then separately implementing them, you write ordinary Python functions and let FastMCP derive the protocol layer from your code. Type hints become JSON Schema. Docstrings become descriptions. Return values are serialized automatically. The plumbing you wrote to satisfy the protocol just disappears.
 
-## Why now is the moment to switch
+## The SDK v2 Transition
 
-MCP SDK v2 landed sweeping breaking changes on the low-level `Server`: the protocol types moved out of `mcp.types` into a separate `mcp_types` package, every field was renamed from camelCase to snake_case, the `Server` class was rebuilt, `McpError` was renamed, and sessions were removed on the new sessionless protocol era. If you build directly on the low-level SDK, all of that lands on you — you have to rewrite your imports, your handler signatures, and your error construction to match the new surface.
+MCP SDK v2 is a substantial, deliberate modernization of the protocol layer. Protocol types moved into a standalone `mcp_types` package, wire fields moved from camelCase to snake_case, and the low-level `Server` was rebuilt so handlers are passed to the constructor as `on_*` callables taking `(ctx, params)` rather than registered with decorators. A v1 server meets that change the moment its environment resolves `mcp` to v2:
 
-Adopting FastMCP is the easier path. FastMCP 4 runs on SDK v2 and hides that entire surface behind a high-level API that did not change. You write `@mcp.tool` and never touch the renamed internals — FastMCP derives the protocol layer from your function signatures, so the SDK v2 rename simply isn't something your code has to know about. Migrating low-level-SDK-v1 code to FastMCP is less work than migrating it to raw SDK v2, and you come out the other side with the whole framework: composition, middleware, proxies, authentication, and testing. The SDK v2 break is the natural moment to make the jump.
+```
+AttributeError: 'Server' object has no attribute 'list_tools'
+```
+
+Often nobody chose that moment. An unpinned `mcp` dependency, a fresh lockfile, or a rebuilt container picks up the new major version. Nothing is wrong with your code, and nothing is wrong with the SDK — major versions are exactly where a change like this belongs. Your build just crossed it earlier than you planned to.
+
+Pinning the SDK back restores the decorator API immediately, with no code changes, and buys you time to choose deliberately:
+
+```bash
+pip install "mcp<2"
+```
+
+## Two Upgrade Paths
+
+Both directions are reasonable, and the choice is about which code you'd rather maintain.
+
+**Porting the low-level `Server` to SDK v2** keeps you in direct control of the protocol surface, which is the point of the low-level API and the right call for some servers. The work is real: your imports, every handler signature, every handler's return type, and your error construction all move.
+
+**Adopting FastMCP** is what the rest of this page walks through. What makes it less work is not that FastMCP is better — it's that the code most affected by the SDK v2 changes is precisely the code FastMCP doesn't ask you to write. Your `list_tools`/`call_tool` pair, hand-written JSON Schema, and content-block wrappers aren't ported to new signatures; they're deleted, and FastMCP derives all of it from your function signatures instead. FastMCP 4 runs on MCP SDK v2 underneath, so both paths land you on the same modern protocol layer.
 
 <Note>
-Already using FastMCP 1.0 via `from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP`? Your upgrade is simpler — see the [FastMCP 1.0 upgrade guide](/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk) instead.
+Already on SDK v2's rebuilt `Server` class, with constructor-registered `on_*` handlers? See [Upgrading from the Low-Level SDK v2](/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v2) instead — the before-and-after code is different enough to warrant its own guide.
+
+Using FastMCP 1.0 via `from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP`? Your upgrade is a single import — see [Upgrading from MCP SDK v1](/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1).
 </Note>
 
 <Prompt description="Copy this prompt into any LLM along with your server code to get automated upgrade guidance.">
-You are upgrading an MCP server from the `mcp` package's low-level Server class (v1) to FastMCP 4. The server currently uses `mcp.server.Server` (or `mcp.server.lowlevel.server.Server`) with manual handler registration. Analyze the provided code and rewrite it using FastMCP's high-level API. The full guide is at https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk and the complete FastMCP documentation is at https://gofastmcp.com — fetch these for complete context.
+You are rewriting an MCP server built on v1 of the `mcp` package's low-level `Server` class (`mcp.server.Server` or `mcp.server.lowlevel.server.Server`, with decorator-registered handlers) using FastMCP 4's high-level API.
 
-UPGRADE RULES:
+FIRST, fetch https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1 — it explains every item below, with before-and-after code for each handler group. Fetch https://gofastmcp.com for anything the guide doesn't cover. Do not invent a FastMCP API you have not confirmed in the docs.
 
-1. IMPORTS: Replace all `mcp.*` imports with FastMCP equivalents.
-   - `from mcp.server import Server` or `from mcp.server.lowlevel.server import Server` → `from fastmcp import FastMCP`
-   - `import mcp.types as types` → remove (not needed for most code)
-   - `from mcp.server.stdio import stdio_server` → remove (handled by mcp.run())
-   - `from mcp.server.sse import SseServerTransport` → remove (handled by mcp.run())
+Then work through the provided code. This is a rewrite, not a patch: most of what you find gets deleted rather than translated.
 
-2. SERVER: Replace `Server("name")` with `FastMCP("name")`.
+CONSTRUCTION AND TRANSPORT
+- `Server("name")`
+- `async with stdio_server() as (r, w): await server.run(r, w, server.create_initialization_options())`
+- `SseServerTransport` / `StreamableHTTPSessionManager` and any Starlette wiring around them
+- `asyncio.run(main())` boilerplate
+- `lifespan=` — carries over directly: pass the same async context manager to `FastMCP(lifespan=...)`, and read what it yields from `ctx.lifespan_context` in any tool. Do not drop it — the tools that depended on it (a DB connection, a client pool) lose their dependency silently if you do.
 
-3. TOOLS: Replace the list_tools + call_tool handler pair with individual @mcp.tool decorators.
-   - Delete the `@server.list_tools()` handler entirely
-   - Delete the `@server.call_tool()` handler entirely
-   - For each tool that was listed in list_tools and dispatched in call_tool, create a new function:
-     - Decorate it with `@mcp.tool`
-     - Use the tool name as the function name (or pass name= to the decorator)
-     - Use the docstring for the description (or pass description= to the decorator)
-     - Convert the inputSchema JSON Schema into typed Python parameters (e.g., `{"type": "integer"}` → `int`, `{"type": "string"}` → `str`, `{"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}` → `list[str]`)
-     - Return plain Python values (`str`, `int`, `dict`, etc.) instead of `list[types.TextContent(...)]`
-     - If the tool returned `types.ImageContent` or `types.EmbeddedResource`, use `from fastmcp.utilities.types import Image` or return the appropriate type
+HANDLERS TO DELETE (each becomes one or more decorated functions)
+- `@server.list_tools()` + `@server.call_tool()` — note the `if name == ...` dispatch chain inside call_tool; each branch becomes its own `@mcp.tool`
+- `@server.list_resources()` + `@server.list_resource_templates()` + `@server.read_resource()` — note any manual URI parsing, which the `{placeholder}` syntax replaces
+- `@server.list_prompts()` + `@server.get_prompt()`
+- any other `@server.*()` handler in the file — completion, resource subscribe/unsubscribe, logging level, progress. Look these up in the FastMCP docs rather than assuming a decorator name maps one-to-one.
 
-4. RESOURCES: Replace the list_resources + list_resource_templates + read_resource handler trio with individual @mcp.resource decorators.
-   - Delete all three handlers
-   - For each static resource, create a function decorated with `@mcp.resource("uri://...")`
-   - For each resource template, use `@mcp.resource("uri://{param}/path")` with `{param}` in the URI and a matching function parameter
-   - Return str for text content, bytes for binary content
-   - Set `mime_type=` in the decorator if needed
+TYPES THAT DISAPPEAR FROM YOUR CODE
+- hand-written `inputSchema` JSON Schema dicts — these come from type hints now
+- `types.Tool`, `types.Resource`, `types.ResourceTemplate`, `types.Prompt`, `types.PromptArgument`
+- `types.TextContent` wrappers around return values — return plain Python values instead
+- `types.ImageContent`, `types.EmbeddedResource`
+- `types.PromptMessage`, `types.GetPromptResult`
+- Note that in the SDK v2 that FastMCP 4 builds on, `mcp.types` aliases the standalone `mcp_types` package; the import path still works, but the fields are snake_case now.
 
-5. PROMPTS: Replace the list_prompts + get_prompt handler pair with individual @mcp.prompt decorators.
-   - Delete both handlers
-   - For each prompt, create a function decorated with `@mcp.prompt`
-   - Convert PromptArgument definitions into typed function parameters
-   - Return str for simple single-message prompts (auto-wrapped as user message)
-   - Return `list[Message]` for multi-message prompts: `from fastmcp.prompts import Message`
-   - `Message("text")` defaults to `role="user"`; use `Message("text", role="assistant")` for assistant messages
+CONTEXT AND SIDE CHANNELS
+- `server.request_context`
+- `session.send_log_message(...)`, `session.send_progress_notification(...)`
+- direct session use for anything else — a FastMCP `Context` has a `ctx.session` property returning the underlying SDK session, so this still works; prefer a `Context` method where one exists, and note the remaining uses as SDK-coupled
 
-6. TRANSPORT: Replace all transport boilerplate with mcp.run().
-   - `async with stdio_server() as (r, w): await server.run(r, w, ...)` → `mcp.run()` (`stdio` is the default)
-   - SSE/Starlette setup → `mcp.run(transport="sse", host="...", port=...)`
-   - Streamable HTTP setup → `mcp.run(transport="http", host="...", port=...)`
-   - Delete asyncio.run(main()) boilerplate — use `if __name__ == "__main__": mcp.run()`
+ERRORS
+- `raise ValueError(f"Unknown tool: ...")` and other dispatch fallbacks — these become unnecessary
+- `McpError` construction and any error-code mapping
 
-7. CONTEXT: Replace `server.request_context` with FastMCP's Context parameter.
-   - Add `from fastmcp import Context` and add a `ctx: Context` parameter to any tool that needs it
-   - `server.request_context.session.send_log_message(...)` → `await ctx.info("message")` or `await ctx.warning("message")`
-   - Progress reporting → `await ctx.report_progress(current, total)`
-
-For each change, show the original code, explain what it did, and provide the FastMCP equivalent.
+For each item found, show the original code, say what it did, and give the FastMCP equivalent. Where several handlers collapse into one decorated function, show the collapse rather than a line-by-line mapping. Call out anything you could not find a documented FastMCP replacement for instead of inventing one.
 </Prompt>
 
 ## Install
 
+FastMCP 4 is in prerelease, so pin the exact version rather than installing unqualified — a bare `pip install fastmcp` or `uv add fastmcp` resolves to the latest *stable* release, which today is FastMCP 3:
+
 ```bash
-pip install --upgrade fastmcp
+pip install "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
 # or
-uv add fastmcp
+uv add "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
 ```
 
-FastMCP includes the `mcp` package as a transitive dependency, so you don't lose access to anything.
+An exact version pin installs even though it's a prerelease — neither installer needs `--pre` or `--prerelease allow` for a version this specific, only for an open-ended range. For a reproducible lockfile that also pins the prerelease protocol dependencies, see [Install the v4 Prerelease](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3#install-the-v4-prerelease).
+
+FastMCP depends on the `mcp` package, so the SDK stays installed. FastMCP 4 builds on SDK v2, where the protocol types live in a standalone `mcp_types` package that stays importable as `mcp.types`. Most of your `mcp.types` imports disappear entirely in the rewrite below, since FastMCP derives the protocol types from your function signatures.
 
 ## Server and Transport
 
@@ -88,7 +99,7 @@ The `Server` class requires you to choose a transport, connect streams, build in
 
 <CodeGroup>
 
-```python Before
+```python Before test="skip"
 import asyncio
 from mcp.server import Server
 from mcp.server.stdio import stdio_server
@@ -124,7 +135,12 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 Need HTTP instead of stdio? With the `Server` class, you'd wire up Starlette routes and `SseServerTransport` or `StreamableHTTPSessionManager`. With FastMCP:
 
 ```python
-mcp.run(transport="http", host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("my-server")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    mcp.run(transport="http", host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
 ```
 
 ## Tools
@@ -133,7 +149,7 @@ This is where the difference is most dramatic. The `Server` class requires two h
 
 <CodeGroup>
 
-```python Before
+```python Before test="skip"
 import mcp.types as types
 from mcp.server import Server
 
@@ -240,7 +256,7 @@ The `Server` class uses three handlers for resources: `list_resources()` to enum
 
 <CodeGroup>
 
-```python Before
+```python Before test="skip"
 import json
 import mcp.types as types
 from mcp.server import Server
@@ -333,7 +349,7 @@ Same pattern: the `Server` class uses `list_prompts()` and `get_prompt()` with m
 
 <CodeGroup>
 
-```python Before
+```python Before test="skip"
 import mcp.types as types
 from mcp.server import Server
 
@@ -420,7 +436,7 @@ The `Server` class exposes request context through `server.request_context`, whi
 
 <CodeGroup>
 
-```python Before
+```python Before test="skip"
 import mcp.types as types
 from mcp.server import Server
 
@@ -458,13 +474,31 @@ async def process_data(ctx: Context) -> str:
 
 The `Context` object provides logging (`ctx.debug()`, `ctx.info()`, `ctx.warning()`, `ctx.error()`), progress reporting (`ctx.report_progress()`), resource subscriptions, session state, and more. See [Context](/servers/context) for the full API.
 
+## Errors
+
+Most of the errors a low-level server raises disappear with the dispatch that raised them: the `ValueError(f"Unknown tool: {name}")` fallback is unnecessary once FastMCP routes calls, and an exception from your function body is converted to a tool error for you.
+
+Deliberate protocol errors are the exception, and they need a small rewrite. The v1 pattern wrapped an `ErrorData` and passed it positionally; FastMCP's `McpError` takes the fields directly:
+
+```python test="skip"
+from fastmcp.exceptions import McpError
+
+# Before (SDK v1):
+#   raise McpError(ErrorData(code=-32000, message="Upstream unavailable"))
+
+# After:
+raise McpError(code=-32000, message="Upstream unavailable")
+```
+
+An optional third argument, `data=`, carries the structured payload `ErrorData` used to hold. Catching is unchanged — `except McpError` still works, and `err.error.code` still reads the code — so only construction sites need touching.
+
 ## Complete Example
 
 A full server upgrade, showing how all the pieces fit together:
 
 <CodeGroup>
 
-```python Before expandable
+```python Before expandable test="skip"
 import asyncio
 import json
 import mcp.types as types
@@ -580,15 +614,10 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
 </CodeGroup>
 
-## What's Next
+## What You Gain
 
-Once you've upgraded, you have access to everything FastMCP provides beyond the basics:
+Deleting the handler machinery is the immediate payoff, but the reason to make this move is what becomes available once your server is a FastMCP server.
 
-- **[Server composition](/servers/composition)** — Mount sub-servers to build modular applications
-- **[Middleware](/servers/middleware)** — Add logging, rate limiting, error handling, and caching
-- **[Proxy servers](/servers/providers/proxy)** — Create a proxy to any existing MCP server
-- **[OpenAPI integration](/integrations/openapi)** — Generate an MCP server from an OpenAPI spec
-- **[Authentication](/servers/auth/authentication)** — Built-in OAuth and token verification
-- **[Testing](/servers/testing)** — Test your server directly in Python without running a subprocess
+[Server composition](/servers/composition) mounts one server inside another, so a surface that grew unwieldy as a single `call_tool` dispatch splits into modules developed and tested independently. [Middleware](/servers/middleware) runs across every request for logging, rate limiting, error handling, and caching — the cross-cutting concerns that, on the low-level `Server`, meant threading the same code through every handler. [Proxy servers](/servers/providers/proxy) put a FastMCP server in front of any existing MCP server, bridging transports and adding auth to a backend you don't control, and the [OpenAPI integration](/integrations/openapi) generates an entire server from an API specification you already have. [Authentication](/servers/auth/authentication) arrives as a single `auth=` provider covering token verification, OAuth, and named providers for GitHub, Google, Auth0, and others.
 
-Explore the full documentation at [gofastmcp.com](https://gofastmcp.com).
+The change most likely to affect your daily work is [testing](/servers/testing). FastMCP ships a client that connects to a server object in the same Python process, so a test calls your tools directly — no subprocess, no stdio pipes, no transport to stand up.

docs/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v2.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,622 @@
+---
+title: Upgrading from the Low-Level SDK v2
+sidebarTitle: "From Low-Level SDK v2"
+description: Move a server built on v2 of the low-level Python SDK's Server class to FastMCP
+icon: up
+---
+
+If your server builds on the `mcp` package's low-level `Server` class as SDK v2 rebuilt it — handlers passed to the constructor as `on_list_tools`, `on_call_tool`, and their siblings, each taking `(ctx, params)` and returning a wrapped result object — this guide is for you. FastMCP replaces that machinery with a declarative API where your functions *are* the protocol surface.
+
+The core idea: instead of describing your tools to the SDK and then separately implementing them, you write ordinary Python functions and let FastMCP derive the protocol layer from your code. Type hints become JSON Schema. Docstrings become descriptions. Return values are serialized automatically. The dispatch you wrote to route a call by name, and the schemas you wrote by hand to describe it, both disappear.
+
+Migrating from SDK v2 is the most direct of the four upgrade paths, because you and FastMCP already share a protocol layer. FastMCP 4 is built on SDK v2, so `mcp_types` imports keep working, field names are already snake_case, and the era negotiation you get is the one you have. Almost nothing about the wire changes — the one exception is [argument strictness](#stricter-arguments), covered below.
+
+<Note>
+On SDK v1's decorator-registered `Server` — `@server.list_tools()`, `@server.call_tool()` — instead? See [Upgrading from the Low-Level SDK v1](/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1), where the before-and-after code matches that API.
+
+Using SDK v2's high-level `MCPServer` class? See [Upgrading from MCP SDK v2](/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v2) — that migration is mostly renaming.
+</Note>
+
+<Prompt description="Copy this prompt into any LLM along with your server code to get automated upgrade guidance.">
+You are rewriting an MCP server built on the MCP Python SDK v2's low-level `Server` class (`mcp.server.lowlevel.server.Server`, with `on_*` handlers passed to the constructor) using FastMCP 4's high-level API.
+
+FIRST, fetch https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v2 — it explains every item below in full, with before-and-after code. Fetch https://gofastmcp.com for anything the guide doesn't cover. Do not guess at a FastMCP API you have not confirmed in the docs.
+
+Then work through the provided code looking for each of these. The guide has the replacement for every one:
+
+CONSTRUCTION AND TRANSPORT
+- `Server(name, on_list_tools=..., on_call_tool=..., ...)` — the whole constructor, including every handler passed to it
+- `server.run(read_stream, write_stream, server.create_initialization_options())` and its `stdio_server()` context manager
+- `server.streamable_http_app()` and any Starlette app assembled around it
+- `asyncio.run(main())` boilerplate
+- `lifespan=` — carries over directly: pass the same async context manager to `FastMCP(lifespan=...)`, and read what it yields from `ctx.lifespan_context` in any tool. Do not drop it — the tools that depended on it (a DB connection, a client pool) lose their dependency silently if you do.
+
+HANDLERS TO DELETE, EACH REPLACED BY ONE DECORATOR (not simply removed)
+- `on_list_tools` + `on_call_tool` → one `@mcp.tool` function per branch of the `if params.name == ...` dispatch chain inside `on_call_tool`
+- `on_list_resources` + `on_list_resource_templates` + `on_read_resource` → one `@mcp.resource` function per resource/template
+- `on_list_prompts` + `on_get_prompt` → one `@mcp.prompt` function per prompt
+- `on_completion` → one `@mcp.completion` function. This one is easy to drop by mistake: skipping it does not just remove autocomplete cleanly, it silently stops FastMCP from advertising the completions capability at all, since that capability is only advertised when a handler is registered.
+- `on_subscribe_resource` / `on_unsubscribe_resource` / `on_subscriptions_listen` — flag for the user, no single-decorator equivalent
+- `on_set_logging_level`, `on_progress`, `on_roots_list_changed`, `on_ping` — flag for the user, these are protocol-level hooks with no direct FastMCP surface
+
+TYPES THAT DISAPPEAR FROM YOUR CODE
+- Hand-written `input_schema` / `output_schema` JSON Schema dicts — these come from type hints now
+- `types.ListToolsResult`, `types.CallToolResult`, `types.ListResourcesResult`, `types.ListResourceTemplatesResult`, `types.ReadResourceResult`, `types.ListPromptsResult`, `types.GetPromptResult` — result wrappers FastMCP builds for you
+- `types.TextContent`, `types.TextResourceContents`, `types.BlobResourceContents` — return plain Python values instead
+- `types.ImageContent` / `types.AudioContent` — `fastmcp.utilities.types.Image` / `Audio`
+- `types.Tool`, `types.Resource`, `types.ResourceTemplate`, `types.Prompt`, `types.PromptArgument` — declaration types FastMCP derives
+- `types.PromptMessage` — `fastmcp.prompts.Message`
+- Note which `mcp_types` imports are still needed afterward; protocol types are unchanged in FastMCP, so surviving imports stay as they are.
+
+CONTEXT AND SIDE CHANNELS
+- `ctx.session.send_log_message(...)` — `ctx.info()` / `ctx.debug()` / `ctx.warning()` / `ctx.error()` on a `fastmcp.Context` parameter
+- `ctx.session.report_progress(...)` — `ctx.report_progress()`
+- `ctx.request_id`, `ctx.meta`, `ctx.protocol_version` — these live on `ctx.request_context` in FastMCP (`ctx.request_context.request_id`, and so on); note that `ctx.protocol_version` directly on the Context does not exist
+- `ctx.params` — no equivalent, and none is needed: the raw request params were how a low-level handler read the tool's arguments, and those are now the decorated function's typed parameters. `ctx.request_context.params` does NOT exist and raises AttributeError.
+- Direct `ctx.session` use for anything else — `Context.session` exists in FastMCP too and returns the same raw SDK session, so this still works; prefer a `Context` method where one exists, and note the remaining uses as SDK-coupled
+
+ERRORS AND AUTH
+- `raise ValueError(f"Unknown tool: ...")` dispatch fallbacks — these become unnecessary
+- `MCPError` construction and any error-code mapping
+- `auth=AuthSettings(...)`, `token_verifier=`, `auth_server_provider=` — one `auth=` provider in FastMCP
+- `TransportSecuritySettings`
+
+For each item found, show the original code, say what it did, and give the FastMCP equivalent. Where several handlers collapse into one decorated function, show the collapse rather than a line-by-line mapping. Call out anything you could not find a documented FastMCP replacement for instead of inventing one.
+</Prompt>
+
+## Install
+
+FastMCP 4 is in prerelease, so pin the exact version rather than installing unqualified — a bare `pip install fastmcp` or `uv add fastmcp` resolves to the latest *stable* release, which today is FastMCP 3:
+
+```bash
+pip install "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
+# or
+uv add "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
+```
+
+An exact version pin installs even though it's a prerelease — neither installer needs `--pre` or `--prerelease allow` for a version this specific, only for an open-ended range. For a reproducible lockfile that also pins the prerelease protocol dependencies, see [Install the v4 Prerelease](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3#install-the-v4-prerelease).
+
+FastMCP 4 depends on the MCP SDK v2 you are already using, so `mcp_types` stays importable and every protocol type keeps its current name and fields. Most of those imports vanish from your code anyway — FastMCP derives them — but the ones you keep need no changes.
+
+## Server and Transport
+
+The `Server` class asks you to open a transport, connect its streams, build initialization options, and run an event loop. FastMCP collapses that into a constructor and a `run()` call.
+
+<CodeGroup>
+
+```python Before test="skip"
+import asyncio
+
+from mcp.server.lowlevel.server import Server
+from mcp.server.stdio import stdio_server
+
+server = Server("my-server")  # plus every on_* handler
+
+async def main():
+    async with stdio_server() as (read_stream, write_stream):
+        await server.run(
+            read_stream,
+            write_stream,
+            server.create_initialization_options(),
+        )
+
+asyncio.run(main())
+```
+
+```python After
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("my-server")
+
+# ... register tools, resources, prompts ...
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    mcp.run()
+```
+
+</CodeGroup>
+
+Serving HTTP is the same shape. Where the low-level class hands you a Starlette app from `server.streamable_http_app()` and leaves the hosting to you, FastMCP runs it directly:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("my-server")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    mcp.run(transport="http", host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
+```
+
+`mcp.http_app()` still returns a Starlette app when you need to mount the server inside a larger application.
+
+## Tools
+
+This is where the difference is largest. SDK v2 requires two handlers — one describing your tools with hand-written JSON Schema, one dispatching calls by name — and both are passed to the constructor, so the connection between a tool's declaration and its implementation lives only in your head. FastMCP derives both from the function.
+
+<CodeGroup>
+
+```python Before
+import mcp_types as types
+from mcp.server.context import ServerRequestContext
+from mcp.server.lowlevel.server import Server
+
+
+async def list_tools(ctx: ServerRequestContext, params) -> types.ListToolsResult:
+    number = {"type": "number"}
+    schema = {
+        "type": "object",
+        "properties": {"a": number, "b": number},
+        "required": ["a", "b"],
+    }
+    return types.ListToolsResult(
+        tools=[
+            types.Tool(name="add", description="Add two numbers", input_schema=schema),
+            types.Tool(
+                name="multiply", description="Multiply two numbers", input_schema=schema
+            ),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+async def call_tool(
+    ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: types.CallToolRequestParams
+) -> types.CallToolResult:
+    arguments = params.arguments or {}
+    if params.name == "add":
+        result = arguments["a"] + arguments["b"]
+    elif params.name == "multiply":
+        result = arguments["a"] * arguments["b"]
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown tool: {params.name}")
+    return types.CallToolResult(content=[types.TextContent(type="text", text=str(result))])
+
+
+server = Server("math", on_list_tools=list_tools, on_call_tool=call_tool)
+```
+
+```python After
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("math")
+
+
+@mcp.tool
+def add(a: float, b: float) -> float:
+    """Add two numbers"""
+    return a + b
+
+
+@mcp.tool
+def multiply(a: float, b: float) -> float:
+    """Multiply two numbers"""
+    return a * b
+```
+
+</CodeGroup>
+
+Each `@mcp.tool` function is self-contained: its name becomes the tool name, its docstring becomes the description, its annotations become the JSON Schema, and its return value is serialized for you. The dispatch chain, the schema dicts, the `CallToolResult` wrapper, the `TextContent` wrapper, and the unknown-tool fallback all go away — a tool that doesn't exist is now the framework's problem, not a branch you maintain.
+
+### Type Mapping
+
+Your hand-written `input_schema` becomes the function's parameters:
+
+| JSON Schema | Python type |
+|---|---|
+| `{"type": "string"}` | `str` |
+| `{"type": "number"}` | `float` |
+| `{"type": "integer"}` | `int` |
+| `{"type": "boolean"}` | `bool` |
+| `{"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}` | `list[str]` |
+| `{"type": "object"}` | `dict` |
+| A property absent from `required` | `param: str \| None = None` |
+
+Constraints carry over too. A schema with `"minimum"` and `"maximum"` becomes a Pydantic `Field`, and a nested object schema becomes a Pydantic model or dataclass used as the annotation — FastMCP generates the same schema back out of it.
+
+### Return Values
+
+The low-level class requires tools to return a `CallToolResult` wrapping a list of content blocks. FastMCP takes the value itself — strings, numbers, dicts, lists, dataclasses, Pydantic models — and handles both the content block and the structured output. For images and audio, FastMCP provides wrapper types that carry the format:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+from fastmcp.utilities.types import Image
+
+mcp = FastMCP("media")
+
+
+@mcp.tool
+def create_chart(data: list[float]) -> Image:
+    """Generate a chart from data."""
+    png_bytes = render_png(data)  # your logic
+    return Image(data=png_bytes, format="png")
+```
+
+When you need full control over the wire result — multiple content blocks, or structured content that differs from the content blocks — return a `ToolResult` from `fastmcp.tools` instead.
+
+### Stricter Arguments
+
+Deriving the schema from your signature also tightens what callers may send, and this is the one behavior change the migration introduces. Your `on_call_tool` handler reads `params.arguments` as a plain dict and never looks at keys it doesn't need, so a call carrying an unexpected key succeeds. FastMCP declares `"additionalProperties": false` on the generated schema and enforces it, so the same call fails:
+
+```python test="skip"
+# Against the low-level handler: succeeds, "extra" never read.
+# Against FastMCP:               raises, "extra" is not a parameter of greet().
+await client.call_tool("greet", {"name": "World", "extra": "surprise"})
+```
+
+For most servers this is an improvement that costs nothing — a caller sending keys your handler never read was already a bug, and the hand-written schema never advertised that they were allowed. It matters if a client in your fleet attaches metadata alongside real arguments, since those calls start failing the moment you migrate. Accept them explicitly as optional parameters if you need to keep them working.
+
+## Resources
+
+Resources take three handlers on the low-level class: one to list static resources, one to list URI templates, and one to read whichever URI arrives, with routing you write by hand. FastMCP replaces all three with a decorator per resource, and detects templates from the URI itself.
+
+<CodeGroup>
+
+```python Before
+import json
+
+import mcp_types as types
+from mcp.server.context import ServerRequestContext
+from mcp.server.lowlevel.server import Server
+
+
+async def list_resources(ctx: ServerRequestContext, params) -> types.ListResourcesResult:
+    return types.ListResourcesResult(
+        resources=[
+            types.Resource(
+                uri="config://app",
+                name="app_config",
+                description="Application configuration",
+                mime_type="application/json",
+            )
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+async def list_resource_templates(
+    ctx: ServerRequestContext, params
+) -> types.ListResourceTemplatesResult:
+    return types.ListResourceTemplatesResult(
+        resource_templates=[
+            types.ResourceTemplate(
+                uri_template="users://{user_id}/profile",
+                name="user_profile",
+                description="User profile by ID",
+            )
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+async def read_resource(
+    ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: types.ReadResourceRequestParams
+) -> types.ReadResourceResult:
+    uri = str(params.uri)
+    if uri == "config://app":
+        text = json.dumps({"debug": False, "version": "1.0"})
+    elif uri.startswith("users://"):
+        user_id = uri.split("/")[2]
+        text = json.dumps({"id": user_id, "name": f"User {user_id}"})
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown resource: {uri}")
+    return types.ReadResourceResult(
+        contents=[
+            types.TextResourceContents(
+                uri=params.uri, mime_type="application/json", text=text
+            )
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+server = Server(
+    "data",
+    on_list_resources=list_resources,
+    on_list_resource_templates=list_resource_templates,
+    on_read_resource=read_resource,
+)
+```
+
+```python After
+import json
+
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("data")
+
+
+@mcp.resource("config://app", mime_type="application/json")
+def app_config() -> str:
+    """Application configuration"""
+    return json.dumps({"debug": False, "version": "1.0"})
+
+
+@mcp.resource("users://{user_id}/profile", mime_type="application/json")
+def user_profile(user_id: str) -> str:
+    """User profile by ID"""
+    return json.dumps({"id": user_id, "name": f"User {user_id}"})
+```
+
+</CodeGroup>
+
+The URI does the routing. A `{placeholder}` in the URI makes the resource a template, and FastMCP matches the parameter to the function argument of the same name — so the `uri.split("/")[2]` parsing goes away along with the handler that held it. Return a `str` for text content and `bytes` for binary; FastMCP builds the `TextResourceContents` or `BlobResourceContents` wrapper.
+
+Templated resources also gain a protection the low-level version left to you: FastMCP screens extracted parameter values for path traversal, absolute paths, and null bytes before your function runs. See [Path Security](/servers/resources#path-security) if a template legitimately accepts those values.
+
+## Prompts
+
+The same collapse, one more time: `on_list_prompts` declares arguments as `PromptArgument` objects, `on_get_prompt` routes by name and assembles a `GetPromptResult` of `PromptMessage` objects. FastMCP takes a function whose parameters are the arguments.
+
+<CodeGroup>
+
+```python Before
+import mcp_types as types
+from mcp.server.context import ServerRequestContext
+from mcp.server.lowlevel.server import Server
+
+
+async def list_prompts(ctx: ServerRequestContext, params) -> types.ListPromptsResult:
+    return types.ListPromptsResult(
+        prompts=[
+            types.Prompt(
+                name="review_code",
+                description="Review code for issues",
+                arguments=[
+                    types.PromptArgument(
+                        name="code", description="The code to review", required=True
+                    ),
+                    types.PromptArgument(
+                        name="language", description="Programming language", required=False
+                    ),
+                ],
+            )
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+async def get_prompt(
+    ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: types.GetPromptRequestParams
+) -> types.GetPromptResult:
+    if params.name != "review_code":
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown prompt: {params.name}")
+    arguments = params.arguments or {}
+    language = arguments.get("language", "")
+    note = f" (written in {language})" if language else ""
+    text = f"Please review this code{note}:\n\n{arguments.get('code', '')}"
+    return types.GetPromptResult(
+        description="Code review prompt",
+        messages=[
+            types.PromptMessage(
+                role="user", content=types.TextContent(type="text", text=text)
+            )
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+server = Server("prompts", on_list_prompts=list_prompts, on_get_prompt=get_prompt)
+```
+
+```python After
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("prompts")
+
+
+@mcp.prompt
+def review_code(code: str, language: str | None = None) -> str:
+    """Review code for issues"""
+    note = f" (written in {language})" if language else ""
+    return f"Please review this code{note}:\n\n{code}"
+```
+
+</CodeGroup>
+
+Returning a `str` wraps it as a single user message. Whether an argument is required is read from the signature: `code` has no default, so it's required; `language` defaults to `None`, so it isn't. Multi-turn prompts return a list of `Message` objects, which take their text positionally and default to the user role:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+from fastmcp.prompts import Message
+
+mcp = FastMCP("prompts")
+
+
+@mcp.prompt
+def debug_session(error: str) -> list[Message]:
+    """Start a debugging conversation"""
+    return [
+        Message(f"I'm seeing this error:\n\n{error}"),
+        Message("I'll help you debug that. Can you share the relevant code?", role="assistant"),
+    ]
+```
+
+## Request Context
+
+The low-level class hands each handler a `ServerRequestContext` carrying the raw `ServerSession`, and you reach through it to send notifications. FastMCP injects a typed `Context` into any function that declares one, and puts the operations you actually want on it directly.
+
+<CodeGroup>
+
+```python Before
+import mcp_types as types
+from mcp.server.context import ServerRequestContext
+from mcp.server.lowlevel.server import Server
+
+
+async def call_tool(
+    ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: types.CallToolRequestParams
+) -> types.CallToolResult:
+    if params.name == "process_data":
+        await ctx.session.send_log_message(level="info", data="Starting processing...")
+        await ctx.session.report_progress(1, 2)
+        # ... do work ...
+        await ctx.session.send_log_message(level="info", data="Done!")
+        return types.CallToolResult(
+            content=[types.TextContent(type="text", text="Processed")]
+        )
+    raise ValueError(f"Unknown tool: {params.name}")
+
+
+server = Server("worker", on_call_tool=call_tool)
+```
+
+```python After
+from fastmcp import FastMCP, Context
+
+mcp = FastMCP("worker")
+
+
+@mcp.tool
+async def process_data(ctx: Context) -> str:
+    """Process data with progress logging"""
+    await ctx.info("Starting processing...")
+    await ctx.report_progress(1, 2)
+    # ... do work ...
+    await ctx.info("Done!")
+    return "Processed"
+```
+
+</CodeGroup>
+
+The `Context` parameter is injected by type annotation and never appears in the tool's schema, so clients see `process_data` as taking no arguments. Beyond logging and progress, it carries resource reads, [session state](/servers/sessions), elicitation, and component visibility — see [Context](/servers/context) for the full surface.
+
+One thing to check as you migrate: `ctx.session` still exists on a FastMCP `Context` as an escape hatch, and it hands back the same raw SDK session your handlers use today. That makes it a working translation for anything with no `Context` equivalent — but it's also the one part of your server that stays coupled to SDK internals, so reach for the `Context` method first and keep the escape hatch for what genuinely has no equivalent.
+
+## Complete Example
+
+Everything above, applied at once:
+
+<CodeGroup>
+
+```python Before expandable
+import json
+
+import mcp_types as types
+from mcp.server.context import ServerRequestContext
+from mcp.server.lowlevel.server import Server
+
+
+async def list_tools(ctx: ServerRequestContext, params) -> types.ListToolsResult:
+    return types.ListToolsResult(
+        tools=[
+            types.Tool(
+                name="greet",
+                description="Greet someone by name",
+                input_schema={
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "properties": {"name": {"type": "string"}},
+                    "required": ["name"],
+                },
+            )
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+async def call_tool(
+    ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: types.CallToolRequestParams
+) -> types.CallToolResult:
+    if params.name == "greet":
+        name = (params.arguments or {})["name"]
+        return types.CallToolResult(
+            content=[types.TextContent(type="text", text=f"Hello, {name}!")]
+        )
+    raise ValueError(f"Unknown tool: {params.name}")
+
+
+async def list_resources(ctx: ServerRequestContext, params) -> types.ListResourcesResult:
+    return types.ListResourcesResult(
+        resources=[
+            types.Resource(
+                uri="info://version", name="version", description="Server version"
+            )
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+async def read_resource(
+    ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: types.ReadResourceRequestParams
+) -> types.ReadResourceResult:
+    if str(params.uri) != "info://version":
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown resource: {params.uri}")
+    return types.ReadResourceResult(
+        contents=[
+            types.TextResourceContents(
+                uri=params.uri, text=json.dumps({"version": "1.0.0"})
+            )
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+async def list_prompts(ctx: ServerRequestContext, params) -> types.ListPromptsResult:
+    return types.ListPromptsResult(
+        prompts=[
+            types.Prompt(
+                name="summarize",
+                description="Summarize text",
+                arguments=[types.PromptArgument(name="text", required=True)],
+            )
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+async def get_prompt(
+    ctx: ServerRequestContext, params: types.GetPromptRequestParams
+) -> types.GetPromptResult:
+    if params.name != "summarize":
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown prompt: {params.name}")
+    text = (params.arguments or {}).get("text", "")
+    return types.GetPromptResult(
+        description="Summarize text",
+        messages=[
+            types.PromptMessage(
+                role="user",
+                content=types.TextContent(type="text", text=f"Summarize:\n\n{text}"),
+            )
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+server = Server(
+    "demo",
+    on_list_tools=list_tools,
+    on_call_tool=call_tool,
+    on_list_resources=list_resources,
+    on_read_resource=read_resource,
+    on_list_prompts=list_prompts,
+    on_get_prompt=get_prompt,
+)
+```
+
+```python After
+import json
+
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("demo")
+
+
+@mcp.tool
+def greet(name: str) -> str:
+    """Greet someone by name"""
+    return f"Hello, {name}!"
+
+
+@mcp.resource("info://version")
+def version() -> str:
+    """Server version"""
+    return json.dumps({"version": "1.0.0"})
+
+
+@mcp.prompt
+def summarize(text: str) -> str:
+    """Summarize text"""
+    return f"Summarize:\n\n{text}"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    mcp.run()
+```
+
+</CodeGroup>
+
+## What You Gain
+
+Deleting the handler machinery is the immediate payoff, but the reason to make this move is what becomes available once your server is a FastMCP server.
+
+[Server composition](/servers/composition) mounts one server inside another, so a surface that grew unwieldy as a single dispatch chain splits into modules developed and tested independently. [Middleware](/servers/middleware) runs across every request for logging, rate limiting, error handling, and caching, with hooks at whichever level of specificity you need — the cross-cutting concerns that, on the low-level class, meant threading the same code through every handler. [Proxy servers](/servers/providers/proxy) put a FastMCP server in front of any existing MCP server, bridging transports and adding auth to a backend you don't control, and the [OpenAPI integration](/integrations/openapi) generates an entire server from an API specification you already have. [Authentication](/servers/auth/authentication) consolidates the SDK's separate token verifier, authorization-server provider, and `AuthSettings` into a single `auth=` provider, with named providers for GitHub, Google, Auth0, Keycloak, and others.
+
+The change most likely to affect your daily work is [testing](/servers/testing). FastMCP ships a client that connects to a server object in the same Python process, so a test calls your tools directly — no subprocess, no stdio pipes, no transport to stand up.

docs/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+---
+title: Upgrading from MCP SDK v1
+sidebarTitle: "From MCP SDK v1"
+description: Upgrade from FastMCP 1.0, bundled in v1 of the MCP Python SDK, to the standalone FastMCP framework
+icon: up
+---
+
+If your server starts with `from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP`, you're using FastMCP 1.0 — the version bundled with v1 of the `mcp` package. Upgrading to the standalone FastMCP framework is easy. **For most servers, it's a single import change.**
+
+```python test="skip"
+# Before
+from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+# After
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+```
+
+That's it. Your `@mcp.tool`, `@mcp.resource`, and `@mcp.prompt` decorators, your `mcp.run()` call, and the rest of your server code all work as-is.
+
+<Tip>
+**Why upgrade?** FastMCP 1.0 pioneered the Pythonic MCP server experience, and we're proud it was bundled into the `mcp` package. The standalone FastMCP project has since grown into a full framework for taking MCP servers from prototype to production — with composition, middleware, proxy servers, authentication, and much more. Upgrading gives you access to all of that, plus ongoing updates and fixes.
+</Tip>
+
+## The SDK v2 Transition
+
+MCP SDK v2 is a substantial, deliberate modernization of the protocol layer, and part of that work rebuilt the high-level server as `MCPServer` under `mcp.server.mcpserver`. `mcp.server.fastmcp` does not exist there — so a FastMCP 1.0 server meets the change the moment its environment resolves `mcp` to v2:
+
+```
+ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'mcp.server.fastmcp'
+```
+
+Often nobody chose that moment. An unpinned `mcp` dependency, a fresh lockfile, or a rebuilt container picks up the new major version and the module your server imports on line one has moved. Nothing is wrong with your code, and nothing is wrong with the SDK — major versions are exactly where a change like this belongs. Your build just crossed it earlier than you planned to.
+
+Pinning the SDK back restores the old module immediately, with no code changes, and buys you time to choose deliberately:
+
+```bash
+pip install "mcp<2"
+```
+
+## Two Upgrade Paths
+
+From here, both directions are reasonable, and which is less work depends on which API you already write.
+
+**`MCPServer`, the SDK's high-level server**, is a capable, well-designed API and the direct continuation of the SDK's own line. Because it was rebuilt rather than renamed, expect real work: a new class and import, a different decorator call style, and protocol types imported from the standalone `mcp_types` package with snake_case field names.
+
+**FastMCP** is the import change at the top of this page. It is short for a specific, historical reason: FastMCP 1.0 *is* early FastMCP — it was contributed into the `mcp` package, and the standalone project kept developing that same high-level API. The surface you already write against is the surface FastMCP still offers. FastMCP 4 is itself built on MCP SDK v2, so both paths land you on the same modern protocol layer; FastMCP absorbs the adaptation internally rather than asking your code to do it.
+
+The claim is narrower than it may sound. It holds for FastMCP 1.0 servers specifically, because of shared lineage — not because one library is better than the other. Both projects are moving the same direction on the same protocol.
+
+If you have already moved to SDK v2 and write against `MCPServer` today, see [Upgrading from MCP SDK v2](/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v2). If your server uses the low-level `Server` class rather than the high-level one, see [Upgrading from the Low-Level SDK v1](/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v1).
+
+## Install
+
+FastMCP 4 is in prerelease, so pin the exact version rather than installing unqualified — a bare `pip install fastmcp` or `uv add fastmcp` resolves to the latest *stable* release, which today is FastMCP 3:
+
+```bash
+pip install "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
+# or
+uv add "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
+```
+
+An exact version pin installs even though it's a prerelease — neither installer needs `--pre` or `--prerelease allow` for a version this specific, only for an open-ended range. For a reproducible lockfile that also pins the prerelease protocol dependencies, see [Install the v4 Prerelease](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3#install-the-v4-prerelease).
+
+FastMCP depends on the `mcp` package, so the SDK stays installed and importable. What changes is which parts of it you reach for. FastMCP 4 builds on SDK v2, where `mcp.server.fastmcp` is gone — anything you imported from it needs a new home, and the sections below cover that. `mcp.types` still resolves (it aliases the standalone `mcp_types` package), though its fields are snake_case now. Update your import, run your server, and if your tools work, you're done.
+
+<Prompt description="Copy this prompt into any LLM along with your server code to get automated upgrade guidance.">
+You are upgrading an MCP server from FastMCP 1.0 (bundled in v1 of the `mcp` package) to standalone FastMCP 4.
+
+FIRST, fetch https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1 — it explains every item below, with the replacement code. Fetch https://gofastmcp.com for anything the guide doesn't cover. Do not invent a FastMCP API you have not confirmed in the docs.
+
+For most servers the entire upgrade is the first item. Work through the rest looking for signals, and report only what you actually find.
+
+THE IMPORT (every server needs this)
+- `from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP` → `from fastmcp import FastMCP`
+- `from mcp.server.fastmcp import Context`
+- `from mcp.server.fastmcp import Image`
+
+CONSTRUCTOR ARGUMENTS THAT MOVED (all raise TypeError)
+- moved to run()/http_app(), and FastMCP names them in the error: host, port, log_level, debug, sse_path, message_path, streamable_http_path, json_response, stateless_http
+- moved but rejected with only a generic "unexpected keyword argument", so flag these explicitly: `event_store=` (→ `http_app(event_store=...)`; dropping it silently disables streamable-HTTP resumability), `mount_path=` (→ `http_app(path=...)`), `transport=` (→ `run(transport=...)`), `transport_security=` (→ host/origin settings on `http_app()`), `warn_on_duplicate_tools/_resources/_prompts=` (→ one `on_duplicate=`), `dependencies=` (→ a fastmcp.json file)
+- `name`, `instructions`, `website_url`, `icons`, `tools`, `lifespan` carry over unchanged
+- note when reporting: FastMCP names the streamable HTTP transport "http", not "streamable-http"
+
+CONTEXT METHODS WITH CHANGED SIGNATURES (compile fine, fail at runtime)
+- `ctx.log(level, data)` → `ctx.log(message, level=...)`, message first
+- `ctx.info(data)` / `debug` / `warning` / `error` → take a str message, not arbitrary JSON-serializable data
+- `ctx.elicit(..., schema=Model)` → `response_type=Model`
+- `ctx.read_resource(uri)` → returns a `ResourceResult`; read `.contents` rather than iterating the return value
+- `ctx.report_progress`, `ctx.request_id`, `ctx.client_id` are unchanged
+
+AUTHENTICATION (the one case where the single import change is NOT enough)
+- `token_verifier=` and `auth_server_provider=` — both raise TypeError on FastMCP 4
+- `auth=AuthSettings(...)` — the keyword survives but the value does not: FastMCP's `auth=` takes a FastMCP `AuthProvider`, not the SDK settings object
+Report these as a real migration, not a rename: FastMCP consolidates all three into one provider, and ships `JWTVerifier` for tokens you already issue, `RemoteAuthProvider` for delegating to an external authorization server, `OAuthProxy` for wrapping a provider without Dynamic Client Registration, and named providers for GitHub, Google, Auth0, Keycloak, and others. Look up the right one at https://gofastmcp.com/servers/auth/authentication rather than guessing.
+
+PROMPT RETURN VALUES
+- prompt functions returning `PromptMessage`, or `TextContent`-wrapped content
+- prompt functions returning raw dicts with "role"/"content" keys — FastMCP 1.0 coerced these silently, standalone FastMCP does not
+
+OTHER mcp.* IMPORTS
+- anything from `mcp.types` — the import path still works in the SDK v2 that FastMCP 4 builds on, but the fields were renamed from camelCase to snake_case
+- `from mcp.server.stdio import stdio_server` and any transport boilerplate around it
+- `mcp.types.TextContent` / `ImageContent` used to wrap tool return values — FastMCP has friendlier equivalents, so prefer those over keeping the raw protocol types
+
+DECORATOR RETURN VALUES
+- any code reading `.name`, `.description`, or other component attributes off a `@mcp.tool` / `@mcp.resource` / `@mcp.prompt` decorated function. Decorators return the original function now.
+
+For each item found, show the original line, name what changed, and give the corrected code from the guide. If the only change needed is the import, say so plainly rather than manufacturing work.
+</Prompt>
+
+## What Might Need Updating
+
+Most servers need nothing beyond the import change. Skim the sections below to see if any apply.
+
+### Constructor Settings
+
+If you passed transport settings like `host` or `port` directly to `FastMCP()`, those now belong on `run()`. This keeps your server definition independent of how it's deployed:
+
+```python test="skip"
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+# Before
+mcp = FastMCP("my-server", host="0.0.0.0", port=8080)
+mcp.run()
+
+# After
+mcp = FastMCP("my-server")
+mcp.run(transport="http", host="0.0.0.0", port=8080)
+```
+
+Nine arguments move this way, and each raises a `TypeError` naming its own replacement, so you can also just run the server and follow the errors: `host`, `port`, `log_level`, `debug`, `sse_path`, `message_path`, `streamable_http_path`, `json_response`, and `stateless_http`.
+
+A second group is rejected with only a generic "unexpected keyword argument" and no hint, which makes these the ones worth reading in advance:
+
+| SDK v1 `FastMCP(...)` | FastMCP 4 |
+|---|---|
+| `event_store=` | `mcp.http_app(event_store=...)` |
+| `mount_path=` | `mcp.http_app(path=...)` |
+| `transport=` | `mcp.run(transport=...)` |
+| `transport_security=` | `host_origin_protection=`, `allowed_hosts=`, `allowed_origins=` on `http_app()` |
+| `warn_on_duplicate_tools=`, `_resources=`, `_prompts=` | a single `on_duplicate=` |
+| `dependencies=[...]` | a [`fastmcp.json`](/deployment/server-configuration) configuration file |
+| `auth_server_provider=`, `token_verifier=` | a single `auth=` provider — see [Authentication](#authentication) below |
+
+Dropping `event_store=` rather than moving it is the one to watch: it silently disables streamable-HTTP resumability, so a client that reconnects loses the events it missed instead of replaying them.
+
+`name`, `instructions`, `website_url`, `icons`, `tools`, and `lifespan` carry over to the constructor unchanged.
+
+### Authentication
+
+This is the one case where the import change alone won't do. FastMCP 1.0 exposed the SDK's auth plumbing as three separate constructor arguments — `token_verifier=`, `auth_server_provider=`, and `auth=AuthSettings(...)`. The first two raise `TypeError` on FastMCP 4, and while `auth=` survives as a keyword, its value doesn't: FastMCP expects one of its own `AuthProvider` objects rather than the SDK's settings object.
+
+The replacement is a single provider carrying the whole configuration, chosen by what you're actually doing:
+
+| What you were doing | FastMCP provider |
+|---|---|
+| Validating JWTs you already issue | `JWTVerifier` |
+| Delegating to an external authorization server | `RemoteAuthProvider` |
+| Wrapping a provider without Dynamic Client Registration | `OAuthProxy` |
+| GitHub, Google, Auth0, Keycloak, WorkOS, … | the matching named provider |
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+from fastmcp.server.auth import JWTVerifier
+
+mcp = FastMCP("my-server", auth=JWTVerifier(jwks_uri="https://example.com/.well-known/jwks.json"))
+```
+
+See [Authentication](/servers/auth/authentication) for the full set and their configuration.
+
+### Context Methods
+
+`from fastmcp import Context` gets you the injected context object, but four of its methods took a different shape in FastMCP 1.0, and a bare import swap leaves calls that compile and then fail:
+
+| SDK v1 | FastMCP 4 |
+|---|---|
+| `ctx.log(level, data)` | `ctx.log(message, level=...)` — message is first now |
+| `ctx.info(data)` and its `debug`/`warning`/`error` siblings | take a `str` message, where v1 accepted any JSON-serializable value |
+| `ctx.elicit(message, schema=Model)` | `ctx.elicit(message, response_type=Model)` |
+| `ctx.read_resource(uri)` | returns a `ResourceResult`; the payload is under `.contents` rather than being iterable directly |
+
+`ctx.report_progress()`, `ctx.request_id`, and `ctx.client_id` are unchanged.
+
+### Prompts
+
+If your prompt functions return `mcp.types.PromptMessage` objects or raw dicts with `role`/`content` keys, upgrade them to FastMCP's `Message` class. Or just return a plain string — it's automatically wrapped as a user message. FastMCP 1.0 silently coerced dicts into messages; standalone FastMCP requires typed `Message` objects or strings.
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("prompts")
+
+@mcp.prompt
+def review(code: str) -> str:
+    """Review code for issues"""
+    return f"Please review this code:\n\n{code}"
+```
+
+Multi-turn prompts return a list of messages. `Message` takes the text positionally and defaults to the user role, so only the assistant turns need a `role`:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+from fastmcp.prompts import Message
+
+mcp = FastMCP("prompts")
+
+@mcp.prompt
+def debug(error: str) -> list[Message]:
+    """Start a debugging session"""
+    return [
+        Message(f"I'm seeing this error:\n\n{error}"),
+        Message("I'll help debug that. Can you share the relevant code?", role="assistant"),
+    ]
+```
+
+### Other `mcp.*` Imports
+
+FastMCP 4 builds on MCP SDK v2, which moved the protocol types into a standalone `mcp_types` package and re-exports it as `mcp.types` — so `from mcp.types import X` keeps working. The field names did change, from camelCase to snake_case (`inputSchema` → `input_schema`, `mimeType` → `mime_type`, and so on). For everything else SDK v2 changed, see [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3), which covers the same protocol rebuild from the FastMCP side.
+
+Where FastMCP provides its own API for the same thing, it's worth switching over rather than importing the protocol type:
+
+| MCP SDK v1 | FastMCP equivalent |
+|---|---|
+| `mcp.types.TextContent(type="text", text=str(x))` | Just return `x` from your tool |
+| `mcp.types.ImageContent(...)` | `from fastmcp.utilities.types import Image` |
+| `mcp.types.PromptMessage(...)` | `from fastmcp.prompts import Message` |
+| `mcp.server.fastmcp.Context` | `from fastmcp import Context` |
+| `from mcp.server.stdio import stdio_server` | Not needed — `mcp.run()` handles transport |
+
+For protocol types without a FastMCP equivalent, import them from `mcp_types` directly.
+
+### Decorated Functions
+
+In FastMCP 1.0, `@mcp.tool` replaced your function with a `FunctionTool` object. Now decorators return your original function unchanged, so decorated functions stay callable for testing, reuse, and composition:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("greeter")
+
+@mcp.tool
+def greet(name: str) -> str:
+    """Greet someone"""
+    return f"Hello, {name}!"
+
+# This works now — the function is still a regular function
+assert greet("World") == "Hello, World!"
+```
+
+Code that reads `.name`, `.description`, or other component attributes off the decorated result needs updating. This is uncommon — most servers never touch the tool object. When you do need the component itself, reach it through the server with `await mcp.get_tool("greet")`.
+
+## Verifying the Upgrade
+
+Run your server the way you always have. To confirm every component came across, inspect the server with the FastMCP CLI:
+
+```bash
+fastmcp inspect my_server.py
+```
+
+The output lists every tool, resource, template, and prompt your server exposes, so a component that failed to register shows up here rather than at the first client call.
+
+## Looking Ahead
+
+The MCP ecosystem is evolving fast. Part of FastMCP's job is to absorb that complexity on your behalf — as the protocol and its tooling grow, we do the work so your server code doesn't have to change. The SDK v1 to v2 transition is the clearest example so far: an entire protocol layer was rewritten underneath FastMCP 4, and the servers on this page cross it with one line.

docs/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v2.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+---
+title: Upgrading from MCP SDK v2
+sidebarTitle: "From MCP SDK v2"
+description: Move a server built on the MCP Python SDK v2's MCPServer class to FastMCP
+icon: up
+---
+
+If your server starts with `from mcp.server.mcpserver import MCPServer`, you're using the high-level server API introduced in v2 of the `mcp` package. Moving to FastMCP is a mechanical migration: the two APIs share a lineage, so most of your code carries over with a rename.
+
+```python
+# Before
+from mcp.server.mcpserver import MCPServer
+
+server = MCPServer("my-server")
+
+@server.tool()
+def greet(name: str) -> str:
+    """Greet someone by name"""
+    return f"Hello, {name}!"
+
+# After
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+
+mcp = FastMCP("my-server")
+
+@mcp.tool
+def greet(name: str) -> str:
+    """Greet someone by name"""
+    return f"Hello, {name}!"
+```
+
+That resemblance is not a coincidence. `MCPServer` is the SDK's successor to FastMCP 1.0, the high-level server that shipped inside SDK v1; FastMCP is the standalone framework that grew from the same starting point. Both derive the protocol layer from your function signatures — type hints become JSON Schema, docstrings become descriptions, return values are serialized for you. What separates them is scope: `MCPServer` is the SDK's ergonomic surface over the protocol, while FastMCP builds on that same SDK v2 and adds the machinery a server needs in production — composition, middleware, proxying, authentication providers, tool transformation, a client, and a testing story.
+
+<Note>
+Building on the low-level `Server` class instead? See [Upgrading from the Low-Level SDK v2](/getting-started/upgrading/from-low-level-sdk-v2). Still on SDK v1's `mcp.server.fastmcp.FastMCP`? Your upgrade is a single import — see [Upgrading from MCP SDK v1](/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v1).
+</Note>
+
+<Prompt description="Copy this prompt into any LLM along with your server code to get automated upgrade guidance.">
+You are migrating an MCP server from the MCP Python SDK v2's high-level `MCPServer` class (`mcp.server.mcpserver`) to FastMCP 4. The two APIs are close relatives, so most of this is mechanical renaming.
+
+FIRST, fetch https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk-v2 — it carries the full mapping table and before-and-after code for everything below. Fetch https://gofastmcp.com for anything the guide doesn't cover. Do not invent a FastMCP API you have not confirmed in the docs.
+
+Then work through the provided code looking for each of these.
+
+IMPORTS AND CONSTRUCTION
+- `MCPServer`, and `Context`, `Image`, `Audio`, `Message` imported from `mcp.server.mcpserver`
+- `mcp_types` imports — these are UNCHANGED. FastMCP 4 builds on the same SDK v2, so leave them alone and say so.
+
+DECORATORS
+- `@server.tool()`, `@server.prompt()` — FastMCP takes a bare `@mcp.tool` / `@mcp.prompt` (and still accepts the called form)
+- `@server.resource(...)`, `@server.completion()`, `@server.custom_route(...)`
+
+TRANSPORT
+- `run(transport="streamable-http")` — FastMCP names this transport "http"
+- `streamable_http_app()`, `sse_app()`
+
+CONSTRUCTOR ARGUMENTS THAT DO NOT CARRY OVER
+- `debug=`, `log_level=`
+- `warn_on_duplicate_tools=` / `_resources=` / `_prompts=`
+- `dependencies=`
+- `title=`, `description=`
+- `token_verifier=`, `auth_server_provider=`, `auth=AuthSettings(...)` — FastMCP consolidates all three into one `auth=` provider
+- `cache_hints=`
+- `extensions=`
+- `tools=[...]` (rare — the SDK's `Tool` type is not exported): FastMCP takes plain callables, so pass the underlying functions
+These raise TypeError, most naming their replacement. `name`, `version`, `instructions`, `icons`, `website_url`, `lifespan`, `resource_security`, and `request_state_security` carry over unchanged.
+
+CONTEXT — these ten properties do NOT exist on FastMCP's Context and raise AttributeError if you only swap the import:
+- `ctx.mcp_server` → `ctx.fastmcp`
+- `ctx.headers` → `get_http_headers()` from `fastmcp.server.dependencies` (a function, not a property)
+- `ctx.protocol_version` → `ctx.request_context.protocol_version`
+- `ctx.client_capabilities` → read it off `ctx.session` / `ctx.request_context`
+- `ctx.notify_tools_changed()`, `notify_resources_changed()`, `notify_prompts_changed()`, `notify_resource_updated()` → `ctx.send_notification(...)` with the matching `mcp_types` notification. FastMCP emits the list-changed ones for you when components change visibility through `ctx.enable_components` / `ctx.disable_components`.
+- `ctx.elicit_url` → not the same thing as `ctx.elicit` (that one is form elicitation, with a different signature and wire behavior). The URL flow survives on the raw session as `ctx.session.elicit_url(...)` — use that rather than deleting an OAuth or payment handoff.
+- `ctx.close_standalone_sse_stream` → no public FastMCP equivalent, and NOT on `ctx.request_context`. Flag it for the user.
+These four exist on both but with DIFFERENT signatures, so a bare import swap compiles and then fails at runtime:
+- `ctx.log(level, data)` → `ctx.log(message, level=...)` — the first positional argument is now the message, not the level
+- `ctx.info(data)` / `debug` / `warning` / `error` → these take `message` as a string, where the SDK accepted any JSON-serializable `data`
+- `ctx.elicit(message, schema=Model)` → `ctx.elicit(message, response_type=Model)` — the keyword was renamed
+- `ctx.read_resource(uri)` → still takes a URI, but returns a `ResourceResult` whose payload is under `.contents`, where the SDK returned an iterable of content objects directly. Code that iterates or indexes the return value needs updating.
+
+Genuinely unchanged: `report_progress`, `request_id`, `client_id`, `input_responses`, `request_state`, `session`, and `request_context`.
+
+RESOLVERS — the one part that is not a rename, so check for it first
+- any `Annotated[T, Resolve(fn)]` parameter, and the resolvers behind it
+- resolvers returning `Elicit[...]`, `Sample`, or `ListRoots`
+FastMCP has no resolver injection, but the underlying requests survive in a different shape: on a modern connection `Elicit`, `Sample`, and `ListRoots` all ride the guard pattern, where the tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` and the client answers on the next call. Do not tell the user these capabilities are simply unavailable. Flag every resolver with the guide's per-capability reasoning (server-side LLM call is usually better than guard-routed sampling; roots are often simplest as ordinary tool arguments) rather than picking a rewrite yourself. Also note that a resolved parameter is hidden from the tool's input schema, so replacing it with an ordinary argument changes the schema clients see.
+
+For each item found, show the original code, name what changed, and give the FastMCP equivalent from the guide. Call out anything you could not find a documented replacement for instead of inventing one.
+</Prompt>
+
+## Install
+
+FastMCP 4 is in prerelease, so pin the exact version rather than installing unqualified — a bare `pip install fastmcp` or `uv add fastmcp` resolves to the latest *stable* release, which today is FastMCP 3:
+
+```bash
+pip install "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
+# or
+uv add "fastmcp==4.0.0b1"
+```
+
+An exact version pin installs even though it's a prerelease — neither installer needs `--pre` or `--prerelease allow` for a version this specific, only for an open-ended range. For a reproducible lockfile that also pins the prerelease protocol dependencies, see [Install the v4 Prerelease](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3#install-the-v4-prerelease).
+
+FastMCP 4 depends on the MCP SDK v2, so nothing you already import from `mcp_types` moves. That is the practical benefit of migrating at this version rather than an earlier one: you and FastMCP are on the same protocol layer, with the same snake_case field names and the same type package, so the migration touches only the server API.
+
+## The Mechanical Part
+
+Most of the work is renaming. This table covers the surfaces a typical `MCPServer` server touches:
+
+| MCP SDK v2 | FastMCP |
+|---|---|
+| `from mcp.server.mcpserver import MCPServer` | `from fastmcp import FastMCP` |
+| `from mcp.server.mcpserver import Context` | `from fastmcp import Context` |
+| `from mcp.server.mcpserver import Image, Audio` | `from fastmcp.utilities.types import Image, Audio` |
+| `from mcp.server.mcpserver.prompts.base import Message` | `from fastmcp.prompts import Message` |
+| `@server.tool()` | `@mcp.tool` |
+| `@server.prompt()` | `@mcp.prompt` |
+| `@server.resource("uri://x")` | `@mcp.resource("uri://x")` |
+| `@server.completion()` | `@mcp.completion` |
+| `@server.custom_route(path, methods)` | `@mcp.custom_route(path, methods)` |
+| `server.run(transport="streamable-http")` | `mcp.run(transport="http")` |
+| `server.streamable_http_app()` | `mcp.http_app()` |
+| `server.sse_app()` | `mcp.http_app(transport="sse")` |
+| `ctx.mcp_server` | `ctx.fastmcp` |
+| `ctx.headers` | `get_http_headers()` from `fastmcp.server.dependencies` |
+| `ctx.protocol_version` | `ctx.request_context.protocol_version` |
+| `ctx.client_capabilities` | read it off `ctx.session` |
+| `from mcp_types import X` | unchanged |
+
+Two of these are worth a sentence each. The decorators lose their parentheses: `MCPServer` required `@server.tool()` and raised a `TypeError` telling you so if you wrote `@server.tool`, while FastMCP accepts both forms, so `@mcp.tool` is the idiomatic spelling and `@mcp.tool()` keeps working if you'd rather not touch every line. And the streamable HTTP transport is named `"http"` in FastMCP rather than `"streamable-http"` — the transport is the same, and `mcp.run()` still defaults to stdio.
+
+Here is a complete server before and after. Nothing in the logic changes:
+
+<CodeGroup>
+
+```python Before
+import json
+from mcp.server.mcpserver import MCPServer, Context
+
+server = MCPServer("demo")
+
+@server.tool()
+def greet(name: str) -> str:
+    """Greet someone by name"""
+    return f"Hello, {name}!"
+
+@server.tool()
+async def process(items: list[str], ctx: Context) -> str:
+    """Process a batch of items"""
+    for i, item in enumerate(items):
+        await ctx.report_progress(i, len(items))
+    return f"Processed {len(items)} items"
+
+@server.resource("config://app", mime_type="application/json")
+def app_config() -> str:
+    """Application configuration"""
+    return json.dumps({"debug": False})
+
+@server.resource("users://{user_id}/profile")
+def profile(user_id: str) -> str:
+    """User profile by ID"""
+    return json.dumps({"id": user_id})
+
+@server.prompt()
+def summarize(text: str) -> str:
+    """Summarize text"""
+    return f"Summarize:\n\n{text}"
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    server.run(transport="streamable-http")
+```
+
+```python After
+import json
+from fastmcp import FastMCP, Context
+
+mcp = FastMCP("demo")
+
+@mcp.tool
+def greet(name: str) -> str:
+    """Greet someone by name"""
+    return f"Hello, {name}!"
+
+@mcp.tool
+async def process(items: list[str], ctx: Context) -> str:
+    """Process a batch of items"""
+    for i, item in enumerate(items):
+        await ctx.report_progress(i, len(items))
+    return f"Processed {len(items)} items"
+
+@mcp.resource("config://app", mime_type="application/json")
+def app_config() -> str:
+    """Application configuration"""
+    return json.dumps({"debug": False})
+
+@mcp.resource("users://{user_id}/profile")
+def profile(user_id: str) -> str:
+    """User profile by ID"""
+    return json.dumps({"id": user_id})
+
+@mcp.prompt
+def summarize(text: str) -> str:
+    """Summarize text"""
+    return f"Summarize:\n\n{text}"
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    mcp.run(transport="http")
+```
+
+</CodeGroup>
+
+## Constructor Arguments
+
+`FastMCP()` describes your server's identity and behavior; how it gets deployed is decided when you serve it. Several `MCPServer` constructor arguments move accordingly, and each raises a `TypeError` naming its replacement rather than being silently ignored.
+
+`name`, `version`, `instructions`, `icons`, `website_url`, `lifespan`, `resource_security`, and `request_state_security` all mean what they meant before. The rest map like this:
+
+| `MCPServer(...)` | FastMCP |
+|---|---|
+| `debug=True` | `FASTMCP_DEBUG` environment variable |
+| `log_level="DEBUG"` | `run_http_async(log_level=...)` or `FASTMCP_LOG_LEVEL` |
+| `warn_on_duplicate_tools`, `_resources`, `_prompts` | a single `on_duplicate=` |
+| `dependencies=[...]` | a [`fastmcp.json`](/deployment/server-configuration) configuration file |
+| `title=`, `description=` | `instructions=` |
+| `tools=[Tool, ...]` | `tools=[callable, ...]`, or FastMCP's own `Tool` |
+| `resources=[Resource, ...]` | no constructor keyword — register with `@mcp.resource` or `mcp.add_resource()` |
+| `subscriptions=<SubscriptionBus>` | no equivalent — see below |
+| `token_verifier=`, `auth_server_provider=`, `auth=AuthSettings(...)` | a single `auth=` provider |
+| `cache_hints={...}` | `cache_ttl=`, `cache_scope=` |
+| `extensions=[...]` | `mcp.add_extension(...)` |
+| `middleware=[ServerMiddleware, ...]` | `middleware=[Middleware, ...]` — same keyword, different class |
+
+`middleware=` is the row most likely to be mistaken for a rename. Both constructors take a `middleware=` sequence, but an `MCPServer` wants the SDK's `ServerMiddleware` — one hook wrapping every raw JSON-RPC message — while FastMCP wants its own `Middleware`, which adds typed per-operation hooks (`on_call_tool`, `on_list_tools`, and the rest) on top of the same message-level pass. Keeping the keyword and swapping the base class is the migration; see [Middleware](/servers/middleware).
+
+Authentication is the largest of these, and it consolidates rather than moves. `MCPServer` exposes the SDK's raw auth plumbing — a token verifier, an authorization-server provider, and an `AuthSettings` object, configured separately. FastMCP takes one `auth=` provider that carries the whole configuration, and ships providers for the common cases: `JWTVerifier` for validating tokens you already issue, `RemoteAuthProvider` for delegating to an external authorization server, `OAuthProxy` for wrapping a provider that lacks Dynamic Client Registration, and named providers for GitHub, Google, Auth0, Keycloak, WorkOS, and others. See [Authentication](/servers/auth/authentication).
+
+Two rows are worth reading before you delete the argument. `resources=` has no constructor equivalent, so pre-built `Resource` objects need registering through `@mcp.resource` or `mcp.add_resource()` instead — dropping the keyword silently drops the resources with it. And `subscriptions=`, which an `MCPServer` uses to plug in an external pub/sub bus so resource-update notifications reach clients across replicas, has no FastMCP equivalent at all. A multi-replica deployment that relies on it should confirm it can live without cross-replica subscription fan-out before migrating, because a mechanical rename removes that behavior without any error to warn you.
+
+### Serving HTTP
+
+Renaming `streamable_http_app()` to `http_app()` is only mechanical for a call with no arguments. The keywords were renamed and regrouped, so an existing call carries arguments `http_app()` does not accept:
+
+| SDK v2 | FastMCP |
+|---|---|
+| `streamable_http_app(streamable_http_path=...)` | `http_app(path=...)` |
+| `sse_app(sse_path=...)` | `http_app(path=..., transport="sse")` |
+| `sse_app(message_path=...)` | no equivalent |
+| `transport_security=TransportSecuritySettings(...)` | `host_origin_protection=`, `allowed_hosts=`, `allowed_origins=` |
+| `host=...` | pass to `mcp.run(host=...)` instead |
+
+`json_response`, `stateless_http`, `event_store`, and `retry_interval` keep their names. See [Deploying HTTP servers](/deployment/http) for the host and origin settings.
+
+### Stricter Arguments
+
+One behavior change survives the rename and is worth knowing before you migrate. `MCPServer` binds the arguments it recognizes and ignores the rest, so a call carrying an unexpected key succeeds. FastMCP declares `"additionalProperties": false` on every generated schema and enforces it, so the same call fails:
+
+```python test="skip"
+# Against MCPServer: succeeds, "extra" ignored.
+# Against FastMCP:   raises, "extra" is not a parameter of greet().
+await client.call_tool("greet", {"name": "World", "extra": "surprise"})
+```
+
+For most servers this is an improvement that costs nothing — a caller sending keys your tool never reads was already a bug. It matters if a client in your fleet passes extra metadata alongside real arguments, since those calls start failing the moment you migrate. Accept the extras explicitly as optional parameters if you need to keep them working.
+
+## Asking for Input
+
+This is the one part of the migration that is not a rename, so read it before you start if your tools use resolvers.
+
+`MCPServer` asks the client for things through dependency-injection resolvers. A tool parameter annotated `Annotated[T, Resolve(fn)]` is filled by running `fn` before the tool body, and the resolver can return a request marker — `Elicit[T]` to ask the user, `Sample` to borrow the client's model, `ListRoots` to fetch its roots — which the framework turns into the right wire interaction for whichever protocol era the connection negotiated:
+
+```python
+from typing import Annotated
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from mcp.server.mcpserver import MCPServer, Resolve, Elicit
+
+server = MCPServer("booking")
+
+
+class Destination(BaseModel):
+    destination: str
+
+
+def ask_destination() -> Elicit[Destination]:
+    return Elicit("Where would you like to fly?", Destination)
+
+
+@server.tool()
+def book_flight(dest: Annotated[Destination, Resolve(ask_destination)]) -> str:
+    """Book a flight"""
+    return f"Booked to {dest.destination}"
+```
+
+FastMCP has no equivalent annotation, and it makes the protocol era explicit instead of hiding it. Which replacement you want depends on which era your clients speak.
+
+On **handshake-era connections** (≤ 2025-11-25), a running tool asks the user directly with `ctx.elicit()`, and the call blocks until the answer arrives. Where the resolver returned a value or aborted the call, `ctx.elicit()` hands you the outcome to branch on, so declining and cancelling become cases your tool answers for itself:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP, Context
+
+mcp = FastMCP("booking")
+
+
+@mcp.tool
+async def book_flight(ctx: Context) -> str:
+    """Book a flight"""
+    result = await ctx.elicit("Where would you like to fly?", response_type=str)
+    if result.action == "accept":
+        return f"Booked to {result.data}"
+    return "Booking cancelled"
+```
+
+On the **modern protocol** (2026-07-28), server-initiated requests are gone from the wire, so a tool asks by *returning* a description of what it needs. The client answers and calls the tool again with the answer attached, and the tool re-runs from the top. This is the [guard pattern](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol), and it reads the answers off `ctx.input_responses`.
+
+The two are era-gated in both directions: `ctx.elicit()` raises on a modern connection, and a guard result raises on a handshake one. A server that must serve both branches on `ctx.request_context.protocol_version`. See [Elicitation](/servers/elicitation#which-approach-to-use) for both shapes side by side.
+
+Resolvers that return `Sample` or `ListRoots` have no *injected* equivalent — FastMCP has no `ctx.sample()` or `ctx.list_roots()` — but the underlying request survives, so this is a change of shape rather than a loss of capability. On a modern connection both ride the same guard pattern as elicitation: the tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` describing the sampling or roots request, and the client answers on the next call.
+
+Which shape you want differs by capability. For **roots**, the guard route is the natural replacement, since one round buys the whole answer — and taking the paths as ordinary tool arguments is simpler still whenever the caller can supply them. For **generation**, prefer [calling an LLM from your server](/servers/sampling) with your own API key: your tool then behaves identically for every client, including the many that never implemented sampling, and you avoid paying a full request-response cycle per generation step. Reach for the guard route when using the *caller's* model is specifically the point.
+
+One schema detail is easy to miss during the rewrite. A resolved parameter never appears in the tool's input schema — `book_flight` above advertises no arguments at all. When you replace a resolver with an explicit tool argument, the schema the client sees gains a field, which is usually what you want but is a visible change to your tool's contract.
+
+## What You Gain
+
+The migration is worth doing for what sits on the other side of it. FastMCP is a framework rather than a protocol surface, and these are the capabilities that most often motivate the move:
+
+[Server composition](/servers/composition) mounts one server inside another, so a large surface splits into modules that are developed and tested independently. [Middleware](/servers/middleware) runs across every request for logging, rate limiting, error handling, and caching, with hooks at whichever level of specificity you need. [Proxy servers](/servers/providers/proxy) put a FastMCP server in front of any existing MCP server, bridging transports and adding auth to a backend you don't control. The [OpenAPI integration](/integrations/openapi) generates a whole server from an existing API specification. [Tool transformation](/servers/transforms/transforms) rewrites the tools a server exposes — renaming, hiding, and reshaping arguments — without touching the code that defines them.
+
+FastMCP also ships a [client](/clients/client), which `MCPServer` has no counterpart for. It speaks every transport, drives both protocol eras, and connects to a server object in-process — so [testing](/servers/testing) a server means calling its tools in the same Python process, with no subprocess and no network.

docs/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk.mdx

@@ -1,166 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Upgrading from the MCP SDK
-sidebarTitle: "From MCP SDK"
-description: Upgrade from FastMCP in the MCP Python SDK to the standalone FastMCP framework
-icon: up
----
-
-If your server starts with `from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP`, you're using FastMCP 1.0 — the version bundled with v1 of the `mcp` package. Upgrading to the standalone FastMCP framework is easy. **For most servers, it's a single import change.**
-
-```python
-# Before
-from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP
-
-# After
-from fastmcp import FastMCP
-```
-
-That's it. Your `@mcp.tool`, `@mcp.resource`, and `@mcp.prompt` decorators, your `mcp.run()` call, and the rest of your server code all work as-is.
-
-<Tip>
-**Why upgrade?** FastMCP 1.0 pioneered the Pythonic MCP server experience, and we're proud it was bundled into the `mcp` package. The standalone FastMCP project has since grown into a full framework for taking MCP servers from prototype to production — with composition, middleware, proxy servers, authentication, and much more. Upgrading gives you access to all of that, plus ongoing updates and fixes.
-</Tip>
-
-## Install
-
-```bash
-pip install --upgrade fastmcp
-# or
-uv add fastmcp
-```
-
-FastMCP includes the `mcp` package as a dependency, so you don't lose access to anything. Update your import, run your server, and if your tools work, you're done.
-
-<Prompt description="Copy this prompt into any LLM along with your server code to get automated upgrade guidance.">
-You are upgrading an MCP server from FastMCP 1.0 (bundled in the `mcp` package v1) to standalone FastMCP 4. Analyze the provided code and identify every change needed. The full upgrade guide is at https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/upgrading/from-mcp-sdk and the complete FastMCP documentation is at https://gofastmcp.com — fetch these for complete context.
-
-STEP 1 — IMPORT (required for all servers):
-Change "from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP" to "from fastmcp import FastMCP".
-
-STEP 2 — CONSTRUCTOR KWARGS (only if FastMCP() receives transport settings):
-FastMCP() no longer accepts: host, port, log_level, debug, sse_path, streamable_http_path, json_response, stateless_http.
-Fix: pass these to run() instead.
-Before: `mcp = FastMCP("server", host="0.0.0.0", port=8080); mcp.run()`
-After:  `mcp = FastMCP("server"); mcp.run(transport="http", host="0.0.0.0", port=8080)`
-
-STEP 3 — PROMPTS (only if using PromptMessage directly or returning dicts):
-mcp.types.PromptMessage is replaced by fastmcp.prompts.Message.
-Before: `PromptMessage(role="user", content=TextContent(type="text", text="Hello"))`
-After:  `Message("Hello")`  — role defaults to "user", accepts plain strings.
-Also: if prompts return raw dicts like `{"role": "user", "content": "..."}`, these must become Message objects or plain strings.
-The MCP SDK's FastMCP 1.0 silently coerced dicts; standalone FastMCP requires typed returns.
-
-STEP 4 — OTHER MCP IMPORTS (only if importing from mcp.* directly):
-FastMCP now builds on MCP SDK v2, which removed the `mcp.types` module — protocol types live in the standalone `mcp_types` package. Update any `from mcp.types import X` to `from mcp_types import X`. Prefer FastMCP's own APIs where equivalents exist:
-- mcp_types.TextContent for tool returns → just return plain Python values (str, int, dict, etc.)
-- mcp_types.ImageContent → fastmcp.utilities.types.Image
-- from mcp.server.stdio import stdio_server → not needed, mcp.run() handles transport
-
-STEP 5 — DECORATORS (only if treating decorated functions as objects):
-@mcp.tool, @mcp.resource, @mcp.prompt now return the original function, not a component object. Code that accesses .name or .description on the decorated result needs updating. Set FASTMCP_DECORATOR_MODE=object temporarily to restore v1 behavior (this compat setting is itself deprecated).
-
-For each issue found, show the original line, explain what changed, and provide the corrected code.
-</Prompt>
-
-## What Might Need Updating
-
-Most servers need nothing beyond the import change. Skim the sections below to see if any apply.
-
-### Constructor Settings
-
-If you passed transport settings like `host` or `port` directly to `FastMCP()`, those now belong on `run()`. This keeps your server definition independent of how it's deployed:
-
-```python
-# Before
-mcp = FastMCP("my-server", host="0.0.0.0", port=8080)
-mcp.run()
-
-# After
-mcp = FastMCP("my-server")
-mcp.run(transport="http", host="0.0.0.0", port=8080)
-```
-
-If you pass the old kwargs, you'll get a clear `TypeError` with a migration hint.
-
-### Prompts
-
-If your prompt functions return `mcp.types.PromptMessage` objects or raw dicts with `role`/`content` keys, you'll need to upgrade to FastMCP's `Message` class. Or just return a plain string — it's automatically wrapped as a user message. The MCP SDK's bundled FastMCP 1.0 silently coerced dicts into messages; standalone FastMCP requires typed `Message` objects or strings.
-
-```python
-from fastmcp import FastMCP
-
-mcp = FastMCP("prompts")
-
-@mcp.prompt
-def review(code: str) -> str:
-    """Review code for issues"""
-    return f"Please review this code:\n\n{code}"
-```
-
-For multi-turn prompts:
-
-```python
-from fastmcp.prompts import Message
-
-@mcp.prompt
-def debug(error: str) -> list[Message]:
-    """Start a debugging session"""
-    return [
-        Message(f"I'm seeing this error:\n\n{error}"),
-        Message("I'll help debug that. Can you share the relevant code?", role="assistant"),
-    ]
-```
-
-### Other `mcp.*` Imports
-
-FastMCP now builds on MCP SDK v2. The `mcp.types` module no longer exists — protocol types moved to a standalone `mcp_types` package, and the field names were renamed from camelCase to snake_case (`inputSchema` → `input_schema`, `mimeType` → `mime_type`, and so on). Update `from mcp.types import X` to `from mcp_types import X`. For the full picture, see [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3).
-
-Where FastMCP provides its own API for the same thing, it's worth switching over:
-
-| mcp Package | FastMCP Equivalent |
-|---|---|
-| `mcp.types.TextContent(type="text", text=str(x))` | Just return `x` from your tool |
-| `mcp.types.ImageContent(...)` | `from fastmcp.utilities.types import Image` |
-| `mcp.types.PromptMessage(...)` | `from fastmcp.prompts import Message` |
-| `from mcp.server.stdio import stdio_server` | Not needed — `mcp.run()` handles transport |
-
-For protocol types without a FastMCP equivalent, import them from `mcp_types` directly.
-
-### Decorated Functions
-
-In FastMCP 1.0, `@mcp.tool` returned a `FunctionTool` object. Now decorators return your original function unchanged — so decorated functions stay callable for testing, reuse, and composition:
-
-```python
-@mcp.tool
-def greet(name: str) -> str:
-    """Greet someone"""
-    return f"Hello, {name}!"
-
-# This works now — the function is still a regular function
-assert greet("World") == "Hello, World!"
-```
-
-If you have code that accesses `.name`, `.description`, or other attributes on the decorated result, that will need updating. This is uncommon — most servers don't interact with the tool object directly. If you need the old behavior temporarily, set `FASTMCP_DECORATOR_MODE=object` to restore it (this compatibility setting is itself deprecated and will be removed in a future release).
-
-## Verify the Upgrade
-
-```bash
-# Install
-pip install --upgrade fastmcp
-
-# Check version
-fastmcp version
-
-# Run your server
-python my_server.py
-```
-
-You can also inspect your server's registered components with the FastMCP CLI:
-
-```bash
-fastmcp inspect my_server.py
-```
-
-## Looking Ahead
-
-The MCP ecosystem is evolving fast. Part of FastMCP's job is to absorb that complexity on your behalf — as the protocol and its tooling grow, we do the work so your server code doesn't have to change.

docs/getting-started/welcome.mdx

@@ -1,26 +1,11 @@
 ---
-title: "Welcome to FastMCP"
+title: "FastMCP: The Framework for MCP"
 sidebarTitle: "Welcome!"
-description: The fast, Pythonic way to build MCP servers, clients, and applications.
+description: FastMCP is the standard framework for building Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers, clients, and interactive applications.
 icon: hand-wave
 mode: center
 ---
-{/* <img
-  src="/assets/brand/f-watercolor-waves-4.png"
 
-  alt="'F' logo on a watercolor background"
-  noZoom
-  className="rounded-2xl block dark:hidden"
-  /> 
-  <img
-  src="/assets/brand/f-watercolor-waves-4-dark.png"
-  alt="'F' logo on a watercolor background"
-  noZoom
-  className="rounded-2xl hidden dark:block"
-  />
-
-  
-  */}
 <video
   autoPlay
   muted
@@ -38,97 +23,112 @@ mode: center
   src="/assets/brand/f-watercolor-waves-4-dark-animated.mp4"
 ></video>
 
+**FastMCP is a full framework for building [Model Context Protocol](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/) (MCP) applications.** It gives you one coherent API for servers, clients, and interactive apps. Use it to expose Python functions as MCP tools, connect to local or remote MCP servers, and return interactive interfaces directly from your tools. FastMCP manages schema generation, validation, transport, authentication, and protocol compatibility around your application code.
 
-**FastMCP is the standard framework for building MCP applications.** The [Model Context Protocol](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/) (MCP) connects LLMs to tools and data. FastMCP gives you everything you need to go from prototype to production — build servers that expose capabilities, connect clients to any MCP service, and give your tools interactive UIs:
+A FastMCP server starts with ordinary Python:
 
 ```python {1}
 from fastmcp import FastMCP
 
 mcp = FastMCP("Demo 🚀")
 
+
 @mcp.tool
 def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:
-    """Add two numbers"""
+    """Add two numbers."""
     return a + b
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     mcp.run()
 ```
 
+## Move fast and make things
 
-## Move Fast and Make Things
+An effective MCP application needs more than a function registry. Models need accurate schemas, callers need validated results, clients need compatible transports, and production servers need authentication and predictable lifecycle management.
 
-The [Model Context Protocol](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/) (MCP) lets you give agents access to your tools and data. But building an effective MCP application is harder than it looks.
+FastMCP treats those as framework responsibilities. Declare a Python function and FastMCP derives its schema, validates its inputs and outputs, and exposes it through MCP. Connect a client to a URL and FastMCP handles protocol negotiation, authentication, and connection lifecycle. Your application remains ordinary Python while FastMCP keeps the MCP boundary correct.
 
-FastMCP handles all of it. Declare a tool with a Python function, and the schema, validation, and documentation are generated automatically. Connect to a server with a URL, and transport negotiation, authentication, and protocol lifecycle are managed for you. You focus on your logic, and the MCP part just works: **with FastMCP, best practices are built in.**
+**That's why FastMCP is the standard framework for working with MCP.** FastMCP created the high-level Python API incorporated into the official MCP Python SDK in 2024. The actively maintained standalone project is now downloaded more than a million times a day, and some version of FastMCP powers 70% of MCP servers across all languages.
 
-**That's why FastMCP is the standard framework for working with MCP.** FastMCP 1.0 was incorporated into the official MCP Python SDK in 2024. Today, the actively maintained standalone project is downloaded a million times a day, and some version of FastMCP powers 70% of MCP servers across all languages.
+## Servers, clients, and apps
 
-FastMCP has three pillars:
+FastMCP covers the full MCP application lifecycle through three complementary pillars:
 
 <CardGroup cols={3}>
   <Card title="Servers" img="/assets/images/servers-card.png" href="/servers/server">
-    Expose tools, resources, and prompts to LLMs.
+    Expose Python functions, data, and instructions as MCP tools, resources, and prompts.
   </Card>
   <Card title="Apps" img="/assets/images/apps-card.png" href="/apps/overview">
-    Give your tools interactive UIs rendered directly in the conversation.
+    Give MCP tools interactive user interfaces rendered directly in the conversation.
   </Card>
   <Card title="Clients" img="/assets/images/clients-card.png" href="/clients/client">
-    Connect to any MCP server — local or remote, programmatic or CLI.
+    Connect to any MCP server through Python, the command line, or another MCP application.
   </Card>
 </CardGroup>
 
-**[Servers](/servers/server)** wrap your Python functions into MCP-compliant tools, resources, and prompts. **[Clients](/clients/client)** connect to any server with full protocol support. And **[Apps](/apps/overview)** give your tools interactive UIs rendered directly in the conversation.
+**[Servers](/servers/server)** turn your application logic into MCP capabilities with generated schemas and validation. **[Clients](/clients/client)** connect to local or remote MCP servers with full protocol support. **[Apps](/apps/overview)** let tools return forms, tables, charts, and other interactive interfaces alongside ordinary MCP results.
 
-Ready to build? Start with the [installation guide](/getting-started/installation) or jump straight to the [quickstart](/getting-started/quickstart).
+The three pillars share one model: FastMCP owns the protocol machinery while your code defines what the application does.
+
+**Building in TypeScript?** [FastMCP for TypeScript](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp-ts) is the official counterpart, built and maintained by the same team. Its servers, clients, and apps follow the same concepts, so what you learn here carries over.
+
+<CardGroup cols={2}>
+  <Card title="Install FastMCP" icon="download" href="/getting-started/installation">
+    Add FastMCP to your project with `uv add fastmcp`, verify the package, and find the right upgrade guide.
+  </Card>
+  <Card title="Build your first server" icon="rocket-launch" href="/getting-started/quickstart">
+    Create a tool, run its server, call it from a client, and add an interactive UI.
+  </Card>
+</CardGroup>
 
 FastMCP is made with 💙 by [Prefect](https://www.prefect.io/).
 
-## Run FastMCP in production with Horizon
+<Tip>
+**This documentation reflects FastMCP's `main` branch**, so it may describe features that have not reached a stable release. Version badges identify when features were introduced.
+</Tip>
 
-FastMCP is the standard way to build MCP servers. **[Prefect Horizon](https://www.prefect.io/horizon?utm_source=gofastmcp&utm_medium=docs&utm_campaign=docs_welcome&utm_content=welcome_body)** is the enterprise MCP gateway for running them safely.
+## Scale MCP with Horizon
 
-Built by the FastMCP team, Horizon packages the best practices we've learned shipping the world's most popular MCP framework.
+FastMCP handles the MCP application layer. **[Prefect Horizon](https://www.prefect.io/horizon?utm_source=gofastmcp&utm_medium=docs&utm_campaign=docs_welcome&utm_content=welcome_body)** is the enterprise MCP gateway for scaling servers and tools across teams, with centralized governance over how they are deployed, discovered, secured, and used.
 
-Deploy FastMCP servers from GitHub with branch previews and instant rollback. Create a private registry of every MCP your company uses. Secure access with SSO and tool-level RBAC. Get audit logs, observability, and governance across your MCP stack. Remix approved tools into purpose-built endpoints for teams and agents.
+Horizon applies the operational patterns developed while maintaining FastMCP: deploy servers from GitHub with branch previews and instant rollback, organize them in a private registry, protect access with SSO and tool-level RBAC, and observe activity through audit logs and telemetry.
+
+Horizon can also combine approved tools into purpose-built MCP endpoints for different teams and agents, while keeping access policy and governance centralized.
 
 Start with FastMCP. [Scale with Horizon →](https://www.prefect.io/horizon?utm_source=gofastmcp&utm_medium=docs&utm_campaign=docs_welcome&utm_content=welcome_cta)
 
-<Tip>
-**This documentation reflects FastMCP's `main` branch**, meaning it always reflects the latest development version. Features are generally marked with version badges (e.g. `New in version: 3.0.0`) to indicate when they were introduced. Note that this may include features that are not yet released.
-</Tip>
+## LLM-friendly docs
 
-## LLM-Friendly Docs
+FastMCP documentation is designed for developers and coding agents. Every page is available as Markdown, the complete documentation is published in `llms.txt` formats, and the documentation itself is exposed through an MCP server.
 
-The FastMCP documentation is available in multiple LLM-friendly formats:
+### MCP server
 
-### MCP Server
-
-The FastMCP docs are accessible via MCP! The server URL is `https://gofastmcp.com/mcp`.
-
-In fact, you can use FastMCP to search the FastMCP docs:
+Point any MCP-compatible agent at `https://gofastmcp.com/mcp` to let it search the documentation as it works. You can also connect with FastMCP's Python client directly:
 
 ```python
 import asyncio
+
 from fastmcp import Client
 
-async def main():
+
+async def main() -> None:
     async with Client("https://gofastmcp.com/mcp") as client:
         result = await client.call_tool(
             name="search_fast_mcp",
-            arguments={"query": "deploy a FastMCP server"}
+            arguments={"query": "deploy a FastMCP server"},
         )
-    print(result)
+        print(result)
+
 
 asyncio.run(main())
 ```
 
-### Text Formats
+### Markdown formats
 
-The docs are also available in [llms.txt format](https://llmstxt.org/):
-- [llms.txt](https://gofastmcp.com/llms.txt) - A sitemap listing all documentation pages
-- [llms-full.txt](https://gofastmcp.com/llms-full.txt) - The entire documentation in one file (may exceed context windows)
+The documentation is also available in [`llms.txt`](https://llmstxt.org/) formats:
 
-Any page can be accessed as markdown by appending `.md` to the URL. For example, this page becomes `https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/welcome.md`.
+- [`llms.txt`](https://gofastmcp.com/llms.txt) lists every documentation page.
+- [`llms-full.txt`](https://gofastmcp.com/llms-full.txt) contains the complete documentation in one file and may exceed some context windows.
 
-You can also copy any page as markdown by pressing "Cmd+C" (or "Ctrl+C" on Windows) on your keyboard.
+Append `.md` to any documentation URL to retrieve that page as Markdown. For example, this page is available at `https://gofastmcp.com/getting-started/welcome.md`. You can also copy the current page as Markdown by pressing `Cmd+C` or `Ctrl+C`.

docs/getting-started/whats-new.mdx

@@ -1,53 +1,170 @@
 ---
 title: "What's New in FastMCP 4"
 sidebarTitle: "What's New"
-description: The capabilities that define FastMCP 4 — a rebuilt engine, a new protocol era, and a stateless protocol made practical.
+description: FastMCP 4 makes stateful MCP applications work on the sessionless protocol while one server serves every protocol era.
 icon: sparkles
 ---
 
-FastMCP 4 is a major version because its engine changed. The framework is now built on the MCP Python SDK v2, a ground-up rebuild of the protocol layer, and on that foundation it adds a new protocol era, first-class extensions, stateless state, enterprise identity, and more. Most FastMCP 3 servers run on it untouched — the major version signals how much moved underneath, and what that movement unlocks.
+FastMCP 4 makes stateful MCP applications work on MCP's sessionless protocol. Tools can ask follow-up questions across requests, preserve authenticated user state, and move long-running work into background tasks without sticky sessions or a continuously connected client.
+
+The protocol changed completely underneath those APIs. Your application usually does not: one FastMCP server negotiates both protocol eras per connection, and most FastMCP 3 servers upgrade unchanged.
+
+That is the theme of version 4: stateless transport without stateless application code. The release also makes protocol extensions a first-class surface, adds enterprise identity for agents acting on behalf of users, and strengthens production defaults across caching, routing, and security.
 
 <Note>
-FastMCP 4 is in **alpha**. Pin an exact version and expect sharp edges.
+FastMCP 4 is in **beta**. Pin an exact version and expect sharp edges. See [Install the v4 prerelease](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3#install-the-v4-prerelease).
 </Note>
 
-## Built on the MCP Python SDK v2
+## Protocol compatibility
 
-The defining change in FastMCP 4 is the one you mostly can't see. The MCP Python SDK v2 rewrote the protocol layer end to end: it split the protocol types into a standalone `mcp_types` package, renamed every wire field from camelCase to snake_case, replaced the server's request-handling model, and made server-side middleware and multi-era serving first-class. FastMCP absorbs nearly all of it — your reads stay working through a compatibility bridge, and the handful of changes left in your code are mechanical.
+A protocol migration usually forces a choice between breaking clients that have not moved yet and holding the server back with them. FastMCP 4 serves both eras from one deployment, negotiating the best mutual version for each connection. Modern clients get the sessionless protocol while handshake-era clients continue working unchanged.
 
-The major version is the signal. Even where your surface is unchanged, the behavior underneath is substantially different, and bumping to 4.0 is how we tell you that plainly rather than slipping a new engine in under a patch release.
+Statelessness changes how that deployment scales. Each modern request carries everything needed to answer it, so any replica behind an ordinary load balancer can serve any request and session affinity stops being a requirement.
 
-The rebuild also pulls the protocol's recent evolution forward in a single step. A batch of accepted MCP proposals arrives with SDK v2, and FastMCP 4 surfaces each one: capability-negotiated extensions (SEP-2133), multi-round-trip elicitation for sessionless connections (SEP-2322), response cache hints (SEP-2549), spec-standard error codes (SEP-2164), the enterprise identity-assertion grant (SEP-990), and the sessionless `2026-07-28` protocol itself, which removes server-initiated requests (SEP-2577). The rest of this page is what those add up to.
+The client default follows the same rule. `Client(url)` probes for the modern protocol and falls back to the handshake when necessary. Pin `mode="legacy"` only when your application specifically needs the session back-channel.
 
-## Every protocol era
+```python
+from fastmcp import Client
 
-A FastMCP 4 server answers clients across the protocol transition from one deployment. The MCP SDK negotiates the era per connection — the sessionless `2026-07-28` protocol for clients that have moved forward, the session-based handshake for everyone else — and any replica behind a plain load balancer can serve a modern request. This supersedes FastMCP's earlier "latest protocol only" stance: you adopt the new protocol without forking your deployment or gating clients by version.
+# Negotiate the best mutual protocol
+client = Client("https://example.com/mcp")
 
-The same negotiation runs from the client, and its default flipped. A plain `Client(url)` now probes for the modern protocol and adopts it when the server offers it, falling back to the handshake otherwise — where every earlier FastMCP version pinned the handshake outright. That flip is what brings the modern capabilities within reach of ordinary client code: a task-enabled tool hands back a handle to poll, and multi-round-trip elicitation resolves across successive requests, neither requiring the caller to opt in. Set `mode="legacy"` to pin the handshake when you need the session-based back-channel or the classic `initialize` result. See [Protocol negotiation](/clients/client#protocol-negotiation).
+# Require the handshake-era protocol
+legacy = Client("https://example.com/mcp", mode="legacy")
+```
 
-The modern protocol is sessionless, so it drops the server's ability to call back into the client mid-request (SEP-2577). Imperative `ctx.elicit` and `ctx.list_roots` move to a request-shaped pattern on modern connections, and server-initiated sampling — which has no such replacement — is [deprecated](/servers/sampling). Everything else about writing a server is unchanged.
+Once connected, `client.protocol_version`, `client.server_info`, `client.server_capabilities`, and `client.instructions` expose the same interface whichever era was negotiated. Application code that inspects a server does not need a protocol-version branch. See [Protocol negotiation](/clients/client#protocol-negotiation).
 
-## State without a session
+On modern connections, FastMCP also attaches the method, target name, and opted-in argument values as HTTP headers. Gateways and load balancers can route requests without parsing JSON-RPC bodies. See [Gateway routing headers](/deployment/http#gateway-routing-headers).
 
-A stateless protocol raises an obvious question: if every request is a fresh connection, where does a tool keep a shopping cart, a conversation, or a running total? FastMCP 4 follows the MCP working group's own decision to reject protocol-level sessions in favor of *explicit state handles* (SEP-2567) — the server hands out an identifier, and the client passes it back.
+## Stateful applications
 
-Two shapes cover the cases. `UserSession` is injected like `Context` and keyed to the authenticated user, so a tool reads and writes one bucket of state with nothing to pass around. `SessionId` is an explicit handle a tool mints and the caller supplies as an argument, for when one user holds many independent states. Both store their data server-side in the storage backend, keyed to the authenticated user — so a handle is inert in anyone else's hands. See [Session State](/servers/sessions).
+The modern protocol removes transport-level sessions, but applications still need conversations, user state, and long-running work. FastMCP moves those concerns into explicit application primitives that survive fresh connections. Shared stores and request-state keys extend them across replicas and worker restarts.
 
-## Background tasks
+### Interactive tools
 
-Long-running work runs as a background task: the server accepts the call, returns a handle, and the client polls for the result while the work proceeds. Tasks left the core MCP spec during the SDK v2 rebuild and returned as the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension (SEP-2663), which FastMCP implements end to end in the optional `fastmcp-tasks` package. The durable execution engine that made FastMCP 3's tasks reliable — [Docket](https://github.com/chrisguidry/docket) — carries straight over, and `@mcp.tool(task=True)` remains the authoring surface, so the wire protocol modernizing underneath costs you no code change. See [Background Tasks](/servers/tasks).
+Many useful tools need more than one exchange. A booking tool asks for a destination, then a date, then confirmation. A destructive operation asks the user to approve it before continuing.
 
-## Server extensions
+On the modern protocol, the tool returns a description of the input it needs. That result completes the request normally. The client fulfils the request and calls the tool again with the answer attached; the tool runs from the top, reads `ctx.input_responses`, and either asks another question or returns its final result.
 
-Background tasks are the first capability built on a more general one: FastMCP 4 makes MCP extensions — capability-negotiated protocol features named by a reverse-DNS string (SEP-2133) — a first-class surface. `FastMCP.add_extension()` lets an extension advertise a capability, add request methods, intercept `tools/call`, and run a lifespan hook, all with full access to the component registry, `Context`, and auth. The same extensions flow through the client with `Client(extensions=...)`. A cross-cutting protocol feature stops being surgery on core and becomes a supported plugin.
+Each request completes while the user responds. Single-process servers use an automatic process-local key to protect the state carried between rounds; load-balanced deployments configure one shared key so any replica can validate and resume the next round:
 
-## Argument completion
+```python
+import os
 
-When a client offers autocomplete for a prompt argument or a resource-template parameter, it asks the server which values fit — narrowing the list as the user types. FastMCP 4 lets a server answer. A single `@mcp.completion` handler receives the reference being completed, the argument and its partial value, and the arguments the user has already supplied, and returns the candidates the client surfaces as suggestions. Because the handler sees the earlier arguments, completions can depend on them — a `repo` parameter suggesting only repositories under the `owner` already chosen.
+from fastmcp import Context, FastMCP
+from mcp.server.request_state import RequestStateSecurity
+from mcp.types import ElicitRequest, ElicitRequestFormParams, InputRequiredResult
+
+mcp = FastMCP(
+    "Booking",
+    request_state_security=RequestStateSecurity(
+        keys=[os.environ["REQUEST_STATE_KEY"].encode()]
+    ),
+)
+
+
+@mcp.tool
+async def book_flight(ctx: Context) -> str | InputRequiredResult:
+    answers = ctx.input_responses
+    if answers is None:
+        params = ElicitRequestFormParams(
+            message="Where would you like to fly?",
+            requested_schema={
+                "type": "object",
+                "properties": {"destination": {"type": "string"}},
+                "required": ["destination"],
+            },
+        )
+        return InputRequiredResult(
+            result_type="input_required",
+            input_requests={
+                "destination": ElicitRequest(
+                    method="elicitation/create",
+                    params=params,
+                )
+            },
+        )
+
+    response = answers["destination"]
+    if response.action != "accept" or response.content is None:
+        return "Booking cancelled."
+
+    destination = response.content["destination"]
+    return f"Booked a flight to {destination}."
+```
+
+Every replica must receive the same `REQUEST_STATE_KEY`, containing at least 32 bytes of secret key material. A FastMCP client drives the loop through its existing elicitation handler, so client code receives the terminal result without managing the intermediate rounds. See [Elicitation on the modern protocol](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol).
+
+### Session state
+
+Application state follows the same explicit model. FastMCP stores state server-side and binds it to the authenticated user, so a session handle is inert in another user's hands.
+
+Most tools want one state bucket per user. Declare a `UserSession` parameter and FastMCP injects it like `Context`: it never appears in the tool schema, and the caller passes nothing because their authenticated identity selects the bucket.
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import FastMCP
-from mcp_types import PromptReference
+from fastmcp.server.sessions import UserSession
+
+mcp = FastMCP("Assistant")
+
+
+@mcp.tool
+async def remember(fact: str, session: UserSession) -> str:
+    facts = await session.get("facts", default=[])
+    facts.append(fact)
+    await session.set("facts", facts)
+    return f"Remembered {len(facts)} facts."
+```
+
+`UserSession` requires [authentication](/servers/auth/authentication), since an unauthenticated request has no user to key on. When one user needs several independent buckets, such as separate carts or conversations, `SessionId` exposes the handle as an explicit string argument.
+
+The default in-memory state store is process-local. To preserve state across restarts or share it among replicas, pass a shared persistent `session_state_store`. See [Session state](/servers/sessions).
+
+### Background work
+
+Long-running tools create a different kind of state problem: holding a request open for several minutes invites timeouts and leaves the user unable to tell whether work is progressing. Background tasks accept the call and return a handle immediately, then let the client poll while work proceeds asynchronously.
+
+FastMCP implements the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension in the optional `fastmcp-tasks` package. The authoring API remains `@mcp.tool(task=True)`, backed by [Docket](https://github.com/chrisguidry/docket):
+
+```python
+import asyncio
+
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+from fastmcp_tasks import TasksExtension
+
+mcp = FastMCP("MyServer")
+mcp.add_extension(TasksExtension())
+
+
+@mcp.tool(task=True)
+async def slow_computation(duration: int) -> str:
+    """Run a long computation."""
+    await asyncio.sleep(duration)
+    return f"Completed in {duration} seconds"
+```
+
+`fastmcp.Client` handles the task handle and polling cycle, so `client.call_tool(...)` returns the same way whether the tool ran inline or in the background. See [Background tasks](/servers/tasks).
+
+`TasksExtension()` uses an in-memory, single-process backend by default. Configure a Redis or Valkey backend for durable work that survives restarts and runs across separate workers.
+
+## Extensible protocol
+
+Background tasks are built on a general extension surface. An MCP extension advertises a capability under a reverse-DNS identifier and can add behavior negotiated between a server and client.
+
+### Server extensions
+
+`FastMCP.add_extension()` lets an extension advertise capabilities, add request methods, intercept `tools/call`, and own lifespan behavior with access to the component registry, `Context`, and authentication. Client extensions use the matching `Client(extensions=...)` interface.
+
+Cross-cutting protocol behavior can therefore live in a supported plugin instead of requiring changes to FastMCP core. `TasksExtension` is a complete example of the interface. See [Server extensions](/servers/extensions).
+
+### Argument completion
+
+FastMCP 4 also lets servers answer MCP argument-completion requests. A completion handler sees the prompt or resource-template argument, its partial value, and values already supplied, so suggestions can depend on earlier choices.
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+from mcp.types import PromptReference
 
 mcp = FastMCP("Docs")
 
@@ -61,32 +178,40 @@ def write_poem(theme: str) -> str:
 def complete(ref, argument, context):
     if isinstance(ref, PromptReference) and argument.name == "theme":
         options = ["nature", "love", "adventure"]
-        return [o for o in options if o.startswith(argument.value)]
+        return [option for option in options if option.startswith(argument.value)]
     return None
 ```
 
-Registering a handler advertises the completions capability during negotiation, so a client only sends requests to a server that answers them — the same on both protocol eras. See [Argument Completion](/servers/completions).
+Registering the handler advertises the completion capability during negotiation, so clients only send requests to servers that support them. See [Argument completion](/servers/completions).
 
 ## Enterprise identity
 
-FastMCP 4 ships a complete server-side implementation of identity assertion (SEP-990): enterprise "on-behalf-of" access, where a corporate identity provider issues a signed assertion, the user's agent presents it, and the server mints a short-lived token — no browser login and no per-user consent screen. Behind one parameter on the existing auth providers, FastMCP performs the full signature verification, binding checks, replay rejection, and scoped token issuance.
+Interactive OAuth authorization assumes a person can complete a browser flow. Internal agents often act for employees without a person waiting at a keyboard, while the server still needs the employee's identity for authorization and audit.
+
+Identity assertion carries that identity through the agent. A corporate identity provider signs an assertion, the agent presents it, and the server exchanges it for a short-lived token without an interactive login or consent screen. FastMCP performs signature verification, binding checks, replay rejection, and scoped token issuance through the authentication providers you already use.
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import FastMCP
 from fastmcp.server.auth import IdentityAssertion, OAuthProxy
 
 auth = OAuthProxy(
-    # existing upstream configuration unchanged
-    identity_assertion=IdentityAssertion(trusted_issuers=["https://login.acme-corp.com"]),
+    # Existing upstream configuration
+    identity_assertion=IdentityAssertion(
+        trusted_issuers=["https://login.acme-corp.com"]
+    ),
 )
 mcp = FastMCP("Internal API", auth=auth)
 ```
 
-The asserted subject flows into the normal auth context, so tools read it through `get_access_token()` like any other identity. See [Identity Assertion](/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#identity-assertion-sep-990).
+The asserted subject enters the normal authentication context, so tools read it through `get_access_token()` like any other identity. See [Identity assertion](/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#identity-assertion-sep-990).
 
-## Faster and safer
+Authorization gained a provider-neutral role check as well. `require_roles` accepts an extraction function for providers that store roles and groups under different claims, while [scope step-up challenges](/servers/authorization#signaling-scope-shortfalls) tell a client exactly which scopes to request.
 
-Two more capabilities arrive by default. Response caching (SEP-2549) lets a server stamp freshness hints on its results that a caching [client](/clients/client#response-caching) reuses without a round trip, and a distributed `KeyValueResponseCacheStore` backs that cache with Redis or any key-value store, so a fleet of clients or proxy replicas shares fills.
+For clients with no user behind them, such as backend services and scheduled jobs, `ClientCredentialsOAuthProvider` implements the OAuth 2.0 client-credentials grant with no browser or redirect. See [Machine-to-machine authentication](/clients/auth/client-credentials).
+
+## Production defaults
+
+A server can now attach freshness hints to its results, and a caching client can reuse those results without another round trip. Set a default time-to-live and scope on the server:
 
 ```python
 from fastmcp import FastMCP
@@ -94,6 +219,18 @@ from fastmcp import FastMCP
 mcp = FastMCP("Weather", cache_ttl=300, cache_scope="public")
 ```
 
-Security tightened in the same release: every templated resource screens its parameters for path traversal, absolute paths, and null bytes before the handler runs — [path security](/servers/resources#path-security) on by default, covering mounted and proxied templates too.
+`KeyValueResponseCacheStore` can place the client cache in Redis or another key-value store so a fleet of clients or proxies shares fills. See [Response caching](/clients/client#response-caching).
 
-When you're ready to move a server to v4, [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3) walks through every change and what it looks like in practice.
+Resource templates now reject path traversal, absolute paths, and null bytes in their parameters before the handler runs. The protection is enabled by default and applies to mounted and proxied templates. See [Path security](/servers/resources#path-security).
+
+OAuth defaults also distinguish native clients from web applications during Dynamic Client Registration, and missing scopes now produce an `InsufficientScopeError` that names the scopes required to continue. See [Application type](/servers/auth/oauth-proxy#application-type-web-vs-native) and [scope shortfalls](/servers/authorization#signaling-scope-shortfalls).
+
+## Upgrade note
+
+The sessionless protocol has no live connection for a server to call back into during execution. FastMCP 4 therefore removes `ctx.sample()`, `ctx.sample_step()`, and `ctx.list_roots()` from every protocol era so incompatible code fails immediately during an upgrade.
+
+For generation, call an LLM directly from the server when your application owns the model. When borrowing the caller's model is the point, return an `InputRequiredResult` carrying a sampling request and read the answer on the next round. Roots use the same return-and-resume pattern. See [Sampling](/servers/sampling) and [the guard pattern](/servers/elicitation#sampling-and-roots).
+
+`ctx.elicit()` remains available on handshake-era connections; modern connections use the multi-round pattern described above. Code that constructs MCP protocol models directly must also use snake_case Python field names with SDK v2.
+
+[Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3) covers these changes and every other compatibility break.

docs/integrations/anthropic.mdx

@@ -69,9 +69,11 @@ You'll also need to authenticate with Anthropic. You can do this by setting the
 export ANTHROPIC_API_KEY="your-api-key"
 ```
 
-Here is an example of how to call your server from Python. Note that you'll need to replace `https://your-server-url.com` with the actual URL of your server. In addition, we use `/mcp/` as the endpoint because we deployed a streamable-HTTP server with the default path; you may need to use a different endpoint if you customized your server's deployment. **At this time you must also include the `extra_headers` parameter with the `anthropic-beta` header.**
+Here is an example of how to call your server from Python. Note that you'll need to replace `https://your-server-url.com` with the actual URL of your server. In addition, we use `/mcp/` as the endpoint because we deployed a streamable-HTTP server with the default path; you may need to use a different endpoint if you customized your server's deployment.
 
-```python {5, 13-22}
+The connector is in beta, so the call goes through `client.beta.messages` with the `mcp-client-2025-11-20` flag. Each entry in `mcp_servers` also needs a matching `mcp_toolset` entry in `tools` that references it by name; declaring the server without the toolset is rejected as a validation error.
+
+```python {5, 14-23}
 import anthropic
 from rich import print
 
@@ -81,8 +83,9 @@ url = 'https://your-server-url.com'
 client = anthropic.Anthropic()
 
 response = client.beta.messages.create(
-    model="claude-sonnet-4-20250514",
+    model="claude-sonnet-5",
     max_tokens=1000,
+    betas=["mcp-client-2025-11-20"],
     messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "Roll a few dice!"}],
     mcp_servers=[
         {
@@ -91,9 +94,7 @@ response = client.beta.messages.create(
             "name": "dice-server",
         }
     ],
-    extra_headers={
-        "anthropic-beta": "mcp-client-2025-04-04"
-    }
+    tools=[{"type": "mcp_toolset", "mcp_server_name": "dice-server"}],
 )
 
 print(response.content)
@@ -193,7 +194,7 @@ Error code: 400 - {
 
 To authenticate the client, you can pass the token using the `authorization_token` parameter in your MCP server configuration:
 
-```python {8, 21}
+```python {8, 22}
 import anthropic
 from rich import print
 
@@ -206,8 +207,9 @@ access_token = 'your-access-token'
 client = anthropic.Anthropic()
 
 response = client.beta.messages.create(
-    model="claude-sonnet-4-20250514",
+    model="claude-sonnet-5",
     max_tokens=1000,
+    betas=["mcp-client-2025-11-20"],
     messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "Roll a few dice!"}],
     mcp_servers=[
         {
@@ -217,9 +219,7 @@ response = client.beta.messages.create(
             "authorization_token": access_token
         }
     ],
-    extra_headers={
-        "anthropic-beta": "mcp-client-2025-04-04"
-    }
+    tools=[{"type": "mcp_toolset", "mcp_server_name": "dice-server"}],
 )
 
 print(response.content)

docs/integrations/auth0.mdx

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ FastMCP supports two Auth0 integration paths:
 
 ## Auth for MCP (DCR)
 
-<VersionBadge version="3.3.0" />
+<VersionBadge version="4.0.0" />
 
 This path uses the [**Remote OAuth**](/servers/auth/remote-oauth) pattern. Auth0 acts as the authorization server; FastMCP is the resource server.
 

docs/integrations/chatgpt.mdx

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ The connector must be explicitly enabled in each chat session through Developer
 Use `annotations=ToolAnnotations(readOnlyHint=True)` to skip confirmation prompts for read-only tools:
 
 ```python
-from mcp_types import ToolAnnotations
+from mcp.types import ToolAnnotations
 
 @mcp.tool(annotations=ToolAnnotations(readOnlyHint=True))
 def get_status() -> str:

docs/integrations/descope.mdx

@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ mcp = FastMCP(name="My Descope Protected Server", auth=auth_provider)
 
 ### Scope discovery and validation
 
+<VersionBadge version="4.0.0" />
+
 When both `scopes_supported` and `required_scopes` are omitted, `DescopeProvider` discovers `scopes_supported` lazily from the OpenID configuration and advertises them to MCP clients. Provider construction remains network-free, and a transient discovery failure is retried on a later metadata request.
 
 Set both options when clients should request a broader set of scopes than the server requires on every token:

docs/integrations/github.mdx

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ from fastmcp.server.auth.providers.github import GitHubProvider
 # The GitHubProvider handles GitHub's token format and validation
 auth_provider = GitHubProvider(
     client_id="Ov23liAbcDefGhiJkLmN",  # Your GitHub OAuth App Client ID
-    client_secret="github_pat_...",     # Your GitHub OAuth App Client Secret
+    client_secret="your-github-client-secret",  # Your GitHub OAuth App Client Secret
     base_url="http://localhost:8000",   # Must match your OAuth App configuration
     # redirect_path="/auth/callback"   # Default value, customize if needed
 )
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
 # Production setup with encrypted persistent token storage
 auth_provider = GitHubProvider(
     client_id="Ov23liAbcDefGhiJkLmN",
-    client_secret="github_pat_...",
+    client_secret="your-github-client-secret",
     base_url="https://your-production-domain.com",
 
     # Production token management

docs/integrations/mcp-json-configuration.mdx

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ An object containing environment variables to set when launching the server. All
 
 This format is widely adopted across the MCP ecosystem:
 
-- **Claude Desktop**: Uses `~/.claude/claude_desktop_config.json`
+- **Claude Desktop**: Uses `~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json` on macOS, `%APPDATA%\Claude\claude_desktop_config.json` on Windows
 - **Cursor**: Uses `~/.cursor/mcp.json`
 - **VS Code**: Uses workspace `.vscode/mcp.json`
 - **Other clients**: Many MCP-compatible applications follow this standard
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ The generated configuration works with any MCP-compatible application:
 <Note>
 **Prefer [`fastmcp install claude-desktop`](/integrations/claude-desktop)** for automatic installation. Use MCP JSON for advanced configuration needs.
 </Note>
-Copy the `mcpServers` object into `~/.claude/claude_desktop_config.json`
+Copy the `mcpServers` object into Claude Desktop's config file (`~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json` on macOS, `%APPDATA%\Claude\claude_desktop_config.json` on Windows)
 
 ### Cursor
 <Note>

docs/integrations/openapi.mdx

@@ -452,4 +452,21 @@ FastMCP handles array parameters according to OpenAPI specifications:
 
 ### Headers
 
-Header parameters are automatically converted to strings and included in the HTTP request.
+Header parameters are automatically converted to strings and included in the HTTP request.
+
+### Composed Request Bodies
+
+A request body becomes a flat set of tool arguments, which is the shape LLM tool-calling APIs fill in most reliably. Schemas composed with `allOf` are resolved first, following `$ref` members, so fields inherited from a parent schema appear alongside the ones a schema declares itself.
+
+Schemas that use a `discriminator` are flattened the same way. FastMCP merges in the fields of every subtype named in the discriminator's `mapping`, marks them optional, and names the accepted values on the discriminator's own description. Given a `Pet` body discriminated by `petType` and mapped onto `Cat` and `Dog`, the tool takes the discriminator plus whichever fields that variant uses:
+
+```python
+await client.call_tool("create_pet", {
+    "petType": "cat",
+    "meowVolume": 11,
+})
+```
+
+The discriminator stays required; every variant field is optional, because only one variant applies to any given call.
+
+This trades local strictness for a schema models complete accurately. The generated schema permits any combination of variant fields, so sending `packSize` with `petType: "cat"` passes FastMCP's validation and is rejected by the API itself, exactly as it would be for any other HTTP client. Where two variants declare the same field differently, the declarations are combined with `anyOf` so that neither variant's constraints are advertised as applying to both.

docs/integrations/permit.mdx

@@ -300,10 +300,12 @@ For advanced configuration options and custom middleware extensions, see [Advanc
 See the [example server](https://github.com/permitio/permit-fastmcp/blob/main/permit_fastmcp/example_server/example.py) for a full implementation with JWT-based authentication. For additional examples and usage patterns, see [Example Server](https://github.com/permitio/permit-fastmcp/blob/main/permit_fastmcp/example_server/):
 
 ```python
+import os
+import datetime
+
+import jwt
 from fastmcp import FastMCP, Context
 from permit_fastmcp.middleware.middleware import PermitMcpMiddleware
-import jwt
-import datetime
 
 # Configure JWT identity extraction
 os.environ["PERMIT_MCP_IDENTITY_MODE"] = "jwt"

docs/language-dropdown.js

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// Language dropdown: a small Python/TypeScript switcher injected into the
+// sidebar footer, next to Mintlify's theme selector. Selecting the other
+// language navigates to that project's docs site; selecting the current
+// language is a no-op. Styling lives in css/language-dropdown.css.
+(function () {
+  if (typeof window === "undefined") return;
+
+  var CURRENT_LANGUAGE = "python";
+
+  // TODO: fastmcp-ts has no public docs site URL discoverable in either repo
+  // yet. Until it exists, point at the repo README (the same cross-link the
+  // welcome page uses), then replace with the real docs URL.
+  var TYPESCRIPT_DOCS_URL = "https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp-ts";
+  var PYTHON_DOCS_URL = "https://gofastmcp.com";
+
+  var URLS = { python: PYTHON_DOCS_URL, typescript: TYPESCRIPT_DOCS_URL };
+
+  function findThemeSelector() {
+    // Mintlify's sidebar-footer DOM is not a stable public API, so probe a
+    // few markers (almond theme first) and give up quietly if none match.
+    return (
+      document.querySelector("[data-theme-preference-switch]") ||
+      document.querySelector('[role="group"][aria-label="Theme preference"]')
+    );
+  }
+
+  function buildDropdown() {
+    var label = document.createElement("label");
+    label.id = "language-switch";
+
+    var select = document.createElement("select");
+    select.setAttribute("aria-label", "Switch documentation language");
+
+    [
+      ["python", "Python"],
+      ["typescript", "TypeScript"],
+    ].forEach(function (entry) {
+      var option = document.createElement("option");
+      option.value = entry[0];
+      option.textContent = entry[1];
+      if (entry[0] === CURRENT_LANGUAGE) option.selected = true;
+      select.appendChild(option);
+    });
+
+    select.addEventListener("change", function () {
+      if (select.value === CURRENT_LANGUAGE) return;
+      window.location.href = URLS[select.value];
+    });
+
+    label.appendChild(select);
+    return label;
+  }
+
+  function addDropdown() {
+    if (document.getElementById("language-switch")) return;
+    var theme = findThemeSelector();
+    if (!theme || !theme.parentElement) return;
+    // Insert after the theme pill; margin-left:auto floats it right.
+    theme.parentElement.insertBefore(buildDropdown(), theme.nextSibling);
+  }
+
+  function run() {
+    if (document.readyState === "loading") {
+      document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", addDropdown);
+    } else {
+      addDropdown();
+    }
+  }
+
+  run();
+
+  // Mintlify re-renders the sidebar on client-side navigation; re-inject when
+  // the dropdown disappears.
+  new MutationObserver(function () {
+    if (!document.getElementById("language-switch")) addDropdown();
+  }).observe(document.body, { subtree: true, childList: true });
+})();

docs/more/faq.mdx

@@ -1,9 +1,124 @@
 ---
 title: FAQ
-description: Answers to common questions about installing and using FastMCP
+description: Direct answers to the questions that come up most often about FastMCP 4, the protocol eras, and installation
 icon: circle-question
 ---
 
+## Do I need to change my server code for FastMCP 4?
+
+Most servers run untouched. The defining change in FastMCP 4 is its engine — the MCP Python SDK v2 — and FastMCP absorbs nearly all of it for you, including the wire-wide rename from camelCase to snake_case, which is bridged so your existing reads keep working.
+
+Most of what does reach your code fails loudly at import or call time, and the fix is mechanical: `McpError(ErrorData(...))` becomes `McpError(code=..., message=...)`, custom `httpx` clients handed to a transport become `httpx2`, and `ctx.sample()` and `ctx.list_roots()` are gone.
+
+One change is silent, so go looking for it: an `except httpx.ConnectError:` around a FastMCP call still imports and still type-checks, because `httpx` usually remains installed through some other dependency — but FastMCP now raises the `httpx2` exception, so the handler simply stops matching and your fallback quietly never runs. Grep for `except httpx.` and move those to `httpx2`. [Upgrading from FastMCP 3](/getting-started/upgrading/from-fastmcp-3) covers each one and ends with a checklist.
+
+## Why does my client connect with a different protocol version than before?
+
+`fastmcp.Client` defaults to `mode="auto"` as of FastMCP 4, so it negotiates the newest era both sides speak rather than pinning the handshake. Over streamable HTTP or stdio to a FastMCP server that means the sessionless `2026-07-28` protocol, where FastMCP 3 connected at `2025-11-25`.
+
+Two transports are exceptions: SSE predates the sessionless era and cannot carry it, and a multi-server `MCPConfigTransport` mounts each backend behind a legacy-era composite. Under `mode="auto"` the client recognizes both and settles on the handshake without probing, so seeing `2025-11-25` there is correct rather than a negotiation failure. Pinning a modern version explicitly on either skips that substitution and asks the transport for something it cannot serve, so leave them on auto or legacy.
+
+The client probes `server/discover` and adopts the modern protocol when the server answers, falling back to the `initialize` handshake for anything that is not positive evidence of a modern peer — so a mixed fleet of servers still connects. Pin the old behavior per client with `Client(url, mode="legacy")`. See [Protocol negotiation](/clients/client#protocol-negotiation).
+
+## What are the two protocol eras, and which one does my server speak?
+
+Both. A FastMCP 4 server supports the handshake revisions `2024-11-05`, `2025-03-26`, `2025-06-18`, and `2025-11-25`, plus the modern `2026-07-28` protocol. It serves all of them from one deployment and one URL, and the SDK negotiates per connection — the client picks, not the server.
+
+The *handshake* era (`2025-11-25` and earlier) opens each connection with `initialize` and holds a session, which gives the server a back-channel it can push requests down. The *modern* era (`2026-07-28`) is sessionless: the client learns what the server offers through `server/discover`, every request stands alone, and there is no back-channel. Inside a tool, `ctx.request_context.protocol_version` tells you which era the current call arrived on; on the client, `client.protocol_version` reports it after connecting.
+
+A protocol version establishes the wire format, while capabilities describe which optional operations a particular server provides. The capabilities returned by `server/discover` or `initialize` are therefore the authoritative way for a client to determine what is available.
+
+## Can FastMCP 4 talk to older clients and servers?
+
+Yes, in both directions, with no configuration. A FastMCP 4 server answers a handshake-era client and a modern one from the same process: the old client sends `initialize` and gets a session id, the modern client discovers and stays stateless.
+
+A FastMCP 4 client is equally happy against an old server, because `mode="auto"` falls back to the handshake when discovery finds no modern peer. The client-side handlers for server-initiated capabilities are all still there too — passing `sampling_handler=` or `roots=` answers a legacy server's requests exactly as before, which is what a modern client needs in order to interoperate. See [client sampling](/clients/sampling) and [client roots](/clients/roots).
+
+## How does FastMCP verify protocol conformance?
+
+FastMCP runs the [official MCP conformance suite](https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/conformance) in CI against a pinned suite release. A failing scenario for a released capability that FastMCP advertises as supported is treated as a regression.
+
+The suite's `all` mode also exercises draft, pending, retired, and deliberately unsupported capabilities, so its raw pass count is broader than FastMCP's support contract. Known exceptions are recorded in [`expected-failures.yml`](https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/tests/conformance/expected-failures.yml) with their rationale, and new upstream scenarios arrive through deliberate suite-version updates rather than silently changing CI.
+
+## When should I pin `mode="legacy"`?
+
+Pin it when your code depends on the session the handshake creates: `client.ping()` and `transport.get_session_id()` have no modern equivalent, since a sessionless connection has neither a live back-channel to ping nor an id to hold. It is also the escape hatch when a server misbehaves under discovery or you need the classic `initialize` result object.
+
+You do not need to pin it just because you registered a `sampling_handler`, `roots=`, or an `elicitation_handler`. None of the three require the handshake on their own: `mode="auto"` reaches whichever era the connection negotiates, and on a modern connection a tool can still exercise any of them through the guard pattern — it manually returns an `InputRequiredResult` embedding the request, and the same handler you already registered answers it. [Roots](/clients/roots) and [elicitation](/clients/elicitation) document this pattern directly; [sampling](/clients/sampling) works through the identical mechanism, though calling an LLM directly from the server is the recommended path there rather than a round trip for it.
+
+Pinning is per client, not a deployment setting: `Client(url, mode="legacy")`. The trade runs the other way as well — [background tasks](/clients/tasks) are modern-only, so a legacy client never triggers one and a task-enabled tool simply runs synchronously.
+
+## Why did my `ctx.sample()` code stop working?
+
+`ctx.sample()` and `ctx.sample_step()` are not part of FastMCP 4. Calling either raises `AttributeError` on every protocol era, and `FastMCP(sampling_handler=...)` raises `TypeError` naming the migration.
+
+Sampling was a server-to-client *request*: the server sent `sampling/createMessage` and blocked until an answer came back down the session. The modern protocol has no server-to-client request direction at all, so the pushed form has nowhere to go.
+
+The asking survives in a different shape. A tool can return an `InputRequiredResult` carrying a `CreateMessageRequest`; the client answers it through the same `sampling_handler` it already registers, and your tool runs again with the completion. Reach for that when using *the caller's* model is the point. Otherwise put generation in your server — hold a provider API key and call the model directly, which has the side benefit that your tool behaves identically for every client, including the many that never implemented sampling. [Sampling](/servers/sampling) shows both.
+
+## What happened to `ctx.list_roots()`?
+
+Removed, for the same reason as sampling: `roots/list` was a server-to-client request, and the modern protocol has no channel to send one.
+
+Take the paths you need as ordinary tool arguments. The agent already knows which directory it is working in, and an explicit argument is visible in the tool's schema instead of hidden in a protocol round-trip. When the caller genuinely has to be asked mid-run, the [guard pattern](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol) carries a roots request in its `input_requests` map alongside elicitation, and `fastmcp.Client` answers it from the `roots=` you already configured.
+
+## Why does `ctx.info()` still work when sampling doesn't?
+
+Because logging is a *notification* and sampling was a *request*. A notification is fire-and-forget: your server emits it down the response stream the caller already opened, and nothing has to be held open on the server's behalf. A request needs an answer to come back the other way, which requires a live connection the server can reach into.
+
+The modern protocol kept every server notification — `notifications/message`, `notifications/progress`, and the list-changed family — and removed the server-to-client request direction entirely. So `ctx.info()`, `ctx.debug()`, and `ctx.report_progress()` reach the client mid-call on every era, while sampling and roots have no era-agnostic form and were dropped. [Sampling](/servers/sampling#the-removed-methods) works through the distinction in full.
+
+You may see an `MCPDeprecationWarning` from the SDK about the logging capability being deprecated as of `2026-07-28`. It refers to the capability declaration, not to the notification, and delivery is unaffected.
+
+## Why can't I call `client.set_logging_level()` anymore?
+
+On a modern connection it raises, because `logging/setLevel` is not in the `2026-07-28` protocol. The method asked the server to remember a level for the rest of the session, and a sessionless protocol has nowhere to keep that.
+
+The messages themselves are unaffected — the server still sends whatever its own configuration allows. Filter on the receiving side in your `log_handler`, which sees each message's `level` field. See [Client Logging](/clients/logging). On a handshake-era connection (`Client(url, mode="legacy")`) the call works as before.
+
+Receiving-side filtering only narrows what already arrives. A server that sets `FastMCP(client_log_level="error")` drops anything below that threshold before it reaches the wire, and a modern client has no way to ask for the missing levels — the server operator has to lower `client_log_level` for them to be sent at all.
+
+## What replaces elicitation on the modern protocol?
+
+The guard pattern. Rather than pausing mid-execution to ask, a tool *returns* an `InputRequiredResult` describing what it needs. That round completes normally, the client collects the answer, and it calls the tool again with the answer attached. Any state you carry between rounds is sealed by the framework before it reaches the wire, so the client holds an opaque token it cannot read or forge.
+
+`ctx.elicit()` still works on handshake-era connections and raises on modern ones, so a server that must serve both eras needs both paths. `fastmcp.Client` drives whichever the connection negotiated with no extra wiring on your side. See [Elicitation on the modern protocol](/servers/elicitation#elicitation-on-the-modern-protocol).
+
+## Why doesn't my middleware's `on_initialize` hook run?
+
+Because the modern protocol has no `initialize` request. The hook fires on handshake-era connections and never on modern ones, and since `Client` now defaults to `mode="auto"`, that is the common case against a FastMCP 4 server.
+
+Work that must happen once per process belongs in the server [lifespan](/servers/lifespan). Per-request work such as an auth check belongs in `on_request` or a specific operation hook, both of which run on every era — on a modern connection `on_request` sees `server/discover` where a handshake connection sees `initialize`. See [Middleware](/servers/middleware).
+
+## Why doesn't state I set in one tool call show up in the next?
+
+On a modern connection every request is a fresh connection, so `ctx.set_state` lives only for the duration of the call that wrote it. The same code persists state across calls on a handshake-era connection, which is why it appears to break the moment a client negotiates `2026-07-28`.
+
+[Session state](/servers/sessions) is the durable answer, following MCP's own decision to move session semantics up into the application. Declare a `UserSession` parameter and FastMCP injects one bucket of stored state keyed to the authenticated user, with nothing to pass around. Declare a `SessionId` argument when a single user needs several independent sessions, and the caller mints an id with `create_session` and supplies it on each call — register `mcp.add_provider(SessionProvider())` first, since `create_session` doesn't exist until a `SessionProvider` contributes it. Both store server-side and key to the authenticated caller's identity, so a handle is inert in anyone else's hands.
+
+That isolation comes from authentication, not from the id. On an unauthenticated server there is no principal to key on, so every session shares one anonymous namespace and a `SessionId` becomes a bearer capability — anyone holding it can read and write that state. Treat unauthenticated sessions as single-tenant or trusted-network only; `UserSession` sidesteps the question by requiring an authenticated principal outright.
+
+## How do I run background tasks now?
+
+The same way, plus one registration. `@mcp.tool(task=True)` is still the authoring surface and [Docket](https://github.com/chrisguidry/docket) still runs the work. What changed is underneath: tasks left the core MCP spec and returned as the `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks` extension (SEP-2663), which FastMCP implements in the optional `fastmcp-tasks` package.
+
+Install `fastmcp[tasks]` and register the extension on your server. A `task=True` tool on a server with no tasks extension refuses to start and names the fix, so a missing registration is impossible to ship by accident.
+
+```python
+from fastmcp import FastMCP
+from fastmcp_tasks import TasksExtension
+
+mcp = FastMCP("MyServer")
+mcp.add_extension(TasksExtension())
+
+
+@mcp.tool(task=True)
+async def slow_computation(duration: int) -> str:
+    return "done"
+```
+
+Tasks are modern-only: the capability is negotiated over `2026-07-28`, so a `mode="legacy"` client never triggers one. A tool marked `task=True` (equivalently `mode="optional"`) then just runs synchronously. A tool that sets `TaskConfig(mode="required")` has no synchronous form to fall back to, so the call fails with a missing-required-capability error instead. See [Background Tasks](/servers/tasks).
+
 ## `import fastmcp` stopped working after I upgraded with pip
 
 This can happen when you upgrade to FastMCP 3.3 or later from FastMCP 3.2 or earlier with `pip`. The quick fix is `pip install --force-reinstall fastmcp`. See [Troubleshooting](/getting-started/installation#troubleshooting) for the clean-reinstall fallback and an explanation of why it happens.

docs/more/settings.mdx

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ You can change which `.env` file is loaded by setting the `FASTMCP_ENV_FILE` env
 |---|---|---|---|
 | `FASTMCP_LOG_LEVEL` | `Literal["DEBUG", "INFO", "WARNING", "ERROR", "CRITICAL"]` | `INFO` | Log level for FastMCP's own logging output. Case-insensitive. |
 | `FASTMCP_LOG_ENABLED` | `bool` | `true` | Enable or disable FastMCP logging entirely. |
-| `FASTMCP_CLIENT_LOG_LEVEL` | `Literal["debug", "info", "notice", "warning", "error", "critical", "alert", "emergency"]` | None | Default minimum log level for messages sent to MCP clients via `context.log()`. When set, messages below this level are suppressed. Individual clients can override this per-session using the MCP `logging/setLevel` request. |
+| `FASTMCP_CLIENT_LOG_LEVEL` | `Literal["debug", "info", "notice", "warning", "error", "critical", "alert", "emergency"]` | None | Default minimum log level for messages sent to MCP clients via `context.log()`. When set, messages below this level are suppressed. Handshake-era clients can override this per-session using the MCP `logging/setLevel` request; the modern protocol has no session to hold that level, so clients on it filter by level in their own log handler instead. |
 | `FASTMCP_ENABLE_RICH_LOGGING` | `bool` | `true` | Use rich formatting for log output. Set to `false` for plain Python logging. |
 | `FASTMCP_ENABLE_RICH_TRACEBACKS` | `bool` | `true` | Use rich tracebacks for errors. |
 | `FASTMCP_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS` | `bool` | `true` | Show deprecation warnings. |
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ These control how the server listens when running with an HTTP transport.
 
 | Environment Variable | Type | Default | Description |
 |---|---|---|---|
-| `FASTMCP_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` | `bool` | `true` | Whether FastMCP's native [OpenTelemetry instrumentation](/servers/telemetry) is active. Enabled by default; FastMCP uses only the OpenTelemetry API, so span creation is a no-op with negligible overhead unless an OpenTelemetry SDK and exporter are configured. Set to `false` to turn instrumentation off entirely, in which case no FastMCP spans are created even when an SDK is configured. |
+| `FASTMCP_TELEMETRY_MODE` | `Literal["native", "propagation_only", "off"]` | `native` | Controls FastMCP's native [OpenTelemetry instrumentation](/servers/telemetry). `native` emits FastMCP's MCP spans and propagates trace context; because FastMCP uses only the OpenTelemetry API, this costs almost nothing unless an SDK and exporter are configured. `propagation_only` keeps `_meta` trace propagation and still parents downstream spans from the incoming context, but emits none of FastMCP's own spans, so another instrumentation layer can own the MCP span hierarchy. `off` is a full pass-through: no spans, and no trace context extracted or attached. |
 
 ## Tasks (Docket)
 
-Task settings (the `FASTMCP_DOCKET_` variables) moved to the optional `fastmcp-tasks` package. See [server tasks](/servers/tasks) for configuration.
+Task settings (the `FASTMCP_DOCKET_` and `FASTMCP_TASKS_` variables) live in the optional `fastmcp-tasks` package. See [server tasks](/servers/tasks) for configuration, including `FASTMCP_TASKS_ENCRYPTION_KEY` for [encrypting task snapshots at rest](/servers/tasks#credentials-at-rest).
 
 ## Security
 

docs/python-sdk-pages.json

@@ -31,6 +31,28 @@
       }
     ]
   },
+  {
+    "group": "fastmcp.server",
+    "pages": [
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-caching",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-completions",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-context",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-dependencies",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-elicitation",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-event_store",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-extensions",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-http",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-lifespan",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-low_level",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-mixins",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-providers",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-server",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-session_scoped_event_store",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-sessions",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-telemetry",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-server-transforms"
+    ]
+  },
   {
     "group": "fastmcp.utilities",
     "pages": [
@@ -79,6 +101,7 @@
       "python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-mime",
       "python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-openapi",
       "python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-pagination",
+      "python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-prefab",
       "python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-skills",
       "python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-tasks",
       "python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-tests",

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-apps-app.mdx

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Usage::
 
 ## Classes
 
-### `FastMCPApp` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L145" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `FastMCPApp` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L149" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 A Provider that represents an MCP application.
@@ -48,19 +48,19 @@ can find them by original name even when transforms have been applied.
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L169" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L173" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 tool(self, name_or_fn: F) -> F
 ```
 
-#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L181" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L185" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 tool(self, name_or_fn: str | None = None) -> Callable[[F], F]
 ```
 
-#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L192" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L196" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 tool(self, name_or_fn: str | AnyFunction | None = None) -> Any
@@ -83,19 +83,19 @@ Supports multiple calling patterns::
     def save(name: str): ...
 
 
-#### `ui` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L259" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `ui` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L266" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 ui(self, name_or_fn: F) -> F
 ```
 
-#### `ui` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L274" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `ui` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L281" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 ui(self, name_or_fn: str | None = None) -> Callable[[F], F]
 ```
 
-#### `ui` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L288" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `ui` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L295" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 ui(self, name_or_fn: str | AnyFunction | None = None) -> Any
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ Supports multiple calling patterns::
     def dashboard() -> Component: ...
 
 
-#### `add_tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L363" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `add_tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L373" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 add_tool(self, tool: Tool | Callable[..., Any]) -> Tool
@@ -130,13 +130,13 @@ Add a tool to this app programmatically.
 The tool is tagged with this app's name for routing.
 
 
-#### `lifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L419" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `lifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L432" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 lifespan(self) -> AsyncIterator[None]
 ```
 
-#### `run` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L427" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `run` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/app.py#L440" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 run(self, transport: Literal['stdio', 'http', 'sse', 'streamable-http'] | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> None

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-apps-config.mdx

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ UI metadata for clients that support interactive app rendering.
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `app_config_to_meta_dict` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L180" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `app_config_to_meta_dict` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L181" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 app_config_to_meta_dict(app: AppConfig | dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]
@@ -25,9 +25,32 @@ app_config_to_meta_dict(app: AppConfig | dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]
 Convert an AppConfig or dict to the wire-format dict for ``meta["ui"]``.
 
 
+### `is_model_visible` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L188" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_model_visible(component: FastMCPComponent) -> bool
+```
+
+
+Whether a component may be shown to, or invoked by, the model.
+
+Visibility is a declaration, and the MCP Apps spec puts the filtering on
+the host — so ``tools/list`` carries app-only tools and the host keeps
+them from the model. That division only works where a host stands between
+the server and the model.
+
+It does not hold for surfaces a server drives itself. A search result or
+a code-mode catalog reaches the model as ordinary tool output, and a
+call-tool proxy invokes on a name the model supplies; nothing downstream
+can filter either. Those surfaces have to apply the declaration here.
+
+A component with no ``visibility`` is visible: the field marks the
+exception, and the spec's default is both audiences.
+
+
 ## Classes
 
-### `ResourceCSP` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L20" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ResourceCSP` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L21" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Content Security Policy for MCP App resources.
@@ -37,7 +60,7 @@ load resources from.  Hosts use these declarations to build the
 ``Content-Security-Policy`` header for the sandboxed iframe.
 
 
-### `ResourcePermissions` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L56" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ResourcePermissions` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L57" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Iframe sandbox permissions for MCP App resources.
@@ -48,7 +71,7 @@ iframe.  Hosts MAY honour these; apps should use JS feature detection
 as a fallback.
 
 
-### `AppConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L84" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `AppConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L85" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Configuration for MCP App tools and resources.
@@ -63,7 +86,7 @@ values appear on the wire.  Aliases match the MCP Apps wire format
 (camelCase).
 
 
-### `PrefabAppConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L124" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `PrefabAppConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L125" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 App configuration for Prefab tools with sensible defaults.
@@ -83,7 +106,7 @@ Example::
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `model_post_init` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L140" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `model_post_init` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/apps/config.py#L141" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 model_post_init(self, __context: Any) -> None

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-exceptions.mdx

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Custom exceptions for FastMCP.
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `to_mcp_error` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L98" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `to_mcp_error` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L117" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 to_mcp_error(exc: Exception) -> MCPError
@@ -38,71 +38,61 @@ explicit code chosen upstream survives translation.
 
 ## Classes
 
-### `FastMCPDeprecationWarning` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L34" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
-
-
-Deprecation warning for FastMCP APIs.
-
-Subclass of DeprecationWarning so that standard warning filters
-still apply, but FastMCP can selectively enable its own warnings
-without affecting other libraries in the process.
-
-
-### `FastMCPError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L43" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `FastMCPError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L38" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Base error for FastMCP.
 
 
-### `ValidationError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L51" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ValidationError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L46" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Error in validating parameters or return values.
 
 
-### `ResourceError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L55" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ResourceError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L50" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Error in resource operations.
 
 
-### `ToolError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L59" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ToolError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L54" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Error in tool operations.
 
 
-### `PromptError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L63" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `PromptError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L58" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Error in prompt operations.
 
 
-### `InvalidSignature` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L67" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `InvalidSignature` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L62" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Invalid signature for use with FastMCP.
 
 
-### `ClientError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L71" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ClientError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L66" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Error in client operations.
 
 
-### `NotFoundError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L75" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `NotFoundError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L70" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Object not found.
 
 
-### `DisabledError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L79" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `DisabledError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L74" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Object is disabled.
 
 
-### `ResourceSecurityError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L83" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ResourceSecurityError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L78" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 A templated resource parameter failed path-security screening.
@@ -114,8 +104,21 @@ for a resource that does not exist, and never reveals which parameter
 or policy tripped.
 
 
-### `AuthorizationError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L94" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `AuthorizationError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L89" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Error when authorization check fails.
 
+
+### `InsufficientScopeError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/exceptions.py#L93" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Authorization failed because the token is missing required OAuth scopes.
+
+Unlike a bare ``AuthorizationError``, this carries the specific scopes the
+caller must obtain. A component-level scope shortfall can then be signalled
+as a spec-correct ``insufficient_scope`` step-up (SEP-2350 / RFC 6750 §3),
+naming exactly what to re-authorize for instead of an opaque denial. The
+named scopes are only the *unmet* ones, so an existing grant is accumulated
+rather than replaced when the caller re-authorizes.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-mcp_config.mdx

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Example configuration:
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `infer_transport_type_from_url` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L54" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `infer_transport_type_from_url` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L55" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 infer_transport_type_from_url(url: str | AnyUrl) -> Literal['http', 'sse']
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ infer_transport_type_from_url(url: str | AnyUrl) -> Literal['http', 'sse']
 Infer the appropriate transport type from the given URL.
 
 
-### `update_config_file` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L373" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `update_config_file` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L376" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 update_config_file(file_path: Path, server_name: str, server_config: CanonicalMCPServerTypes) -> None
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ worry about transforming server objects here.
 
 ## Classes
 
-### `StdioMCPServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L179" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `StdioMCPServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L180" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 MCP server configuration for stdio transport.
@@ -67,19 +67,19 @@ This is the canonical configuration format for MCP servers using stdio transport
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `to_transport` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L212" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `to_transport` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L213" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
-to_transport(self) -> StdioTransport
+to_transport(self) -> StdioTransport | FastMCPTransport
 ```
 
-### `TransformingStdioMCPServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L224" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `TransformingStdioMCPServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L225" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 A Stdio server with tool transforms.
 
 
-### `RemoteMCPServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L228" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `RemoteMCPServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L229" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 MCP server configuration for HTTP/SSE transport.
@@ -89,19 +89,19 @@ This is the canonical configuration format for MCP servers using remote transpor
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `to_transport` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L264" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `to_transport` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L265" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
-to_transport(self) -> StreamableHttpTransport | SSETransport
+to_transport(self) -> StreamableHttpTransport | SSETransport | FastMCPTransport
 ```
 
-### `TransformingRemoteMCPServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L291" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `TransformingRemoteMCPServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L294" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 A Remote server with tool transforms.
 
 
-### `MCPConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L302" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `MCPConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L305" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 A configuration object for MCP Servers that conforms to the canonical MCP configuration format
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ For an MCPConfig that is strictly canonical, see the `CanonicalMCPConfig` class.
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `wrap_servers_at_root` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L316" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `wrap_servers_at_root` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L319" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 wrap_servers_at_root(cls, values: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ wrap_servers_at_root(cls, values: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]
 If there's no mcpServers key but there are server configs at root, wrap them.
 
 
-#### `add_server` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L329" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `add_server` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L332" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 add_server(self, name: str, server: MCPServerTypes) -> None
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ add_server(self, name: str, server: MCPServerTypes) -> None
 Add or update a server in the configuration.
 
 
-#### `from_dict` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L334" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `from_dict` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L337" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 from_dict(cls, config: dict[str, Any]) -> Self
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ from_dict(cls, config: dict[str, Any]) -> Self
 Parse MCP configuration from dictionary format.
 
 
-#### `to_dict` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L338" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `to_dict` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L341" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]
 Convert MCPConfig to dictionary format, preserving all fields.
 
 
-#### `write_to_file` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L342" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `write_to_file` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L345" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 write_to_file(self, file_path: Path) -> None
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ write_to_file(self, file_path: Path) -> None
 Write configuration to JSON file.
 
 
-#### `from_file` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L348" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `from_file` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L351" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 from_file(cls, file_path: Path) -> Self
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ from_file(cls, file_path: Path) -> Self
 Load configuration from JSON file.
 
 
-### `CanonicalMCPConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L358" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `CanonicalMCPConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L361" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Canonical MCP configuration format.
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ The format is designed to be client-agnostic and extensible for future use cases
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `add_server` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L368" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `add_server` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/mcp_config.py#L371" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 add_server(self, name: str, server: CanonicalMCPServerTypes) -> None

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-caching.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+---
+title: caching
+sidebarTitle: caching
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.caching`
+
+
+Server-level cache hints for FastMCP (SEP-2549).
+
+A FastMCP server opts every SDK-cacheable result it emits into client-side
+caching by setting `cache_ttl` (seconds) and, optionally, `cache_scope` on the
+`FastMCP` constructor. The hint is uniform by construction: one server-level
+value applies to `tools/list`, `prompts/list`, `resources/list`,
+`resources/templates/list`, `resources/read`, and `server/discover` alike — no
+per-component surface and no aggregation.
+
+FastMCP does not hand-set the wire fields. It passes the hint through to the SDK
+low-level `Server(cache_hints=...)`, whose runner fills `ttlMs`/`cacheScope` on
+every cacheable result via `apply_cache_hint`, leaving any field a handler set
+explicitly untouched. Honoring is modern-only and opt-in on the client: a hinted
+server is inert unless the client passes `cache=` and negotiates `2026-07-28`.
+
+
+## Functions
+
+### `build_cache_hints` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/caching.py#L29" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+build_cache_hints(cache_ttl: int | None, cache_scope: CacheScope | None) -> dict[CacheableMethod, CacheHint] | None
+```
+
+
+Build the per-method `CacheHint` map for the SDK low-level server.
+
+`cache_ttl` is in seconds and is converted to the wire's milliseconds. When
+`cache_ttl` is `None` the server emits no hint, so its wire output is
+identical to a server that never set one; a `cache_scope` given without a
+`cache_ttl` is meaningless (the client gates caching on the presence of a
+TTL) and is rejected rather than silently ignored.
+
+Returns `None` when no hint is set, or a map applying the same hint to every
+SDK-cacheable method otherwise.
+
+**Raises:**
+- `ValueError`: If `cache_ttl` is not positive, or if `cache_scope` is set
+without `cache_ttl`.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-completions.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+title: completions
+sidebarTitle: completions
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.completions`
+
+
+Server-side argument completion for FastMCP.
+
+A completion request names a reference — a specific prompt or resource
+template — and the argument being completed, plus a context of the argument
+values already supplied. The server answers with candidate string values.
+
+FastMCP surfaces this as a single server-level handler registered with
+``@mcp.completion``, mirroring the MCP SDK's own ``completion/complete`` shape
+and FastMCP's client-side ``Client.complete()``. The handler receives the
+reference, the argument, and the optional context, and returns candidates for
+whichever reference/argument pair it recognizes.
+
+
+## Functions
+
+### `normalize_completion` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/completions.py#L54" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+normalize_completion(result: CompletionValues) -> mcp_types.Completion
+```
+
+
+Coerce a handler's return value into a wire ``Completion``.
+
+A returned ``str`` is rejected: it is almost always a mistake (the value
+would iterate into one-character candidates), so it raises rather than
+silently producing surprising output.
+
+The MCP contract caps a completion at 100 values, so a longer result is
+truncated to the first 100 with ``has_more`` set — a handler that returns
+thousands of matches emits a conforming response rather than an oversized
+one that strict clients reject.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-context.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,711 @@
+---
+title: context
+sidebarTitle: context
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.context`
+
+## Functions
+
+### `set_transport` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L97" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_transport(transport: TransportType) -> Token[TransportType | None]
+```
+
+
+Set the current transport type. Returns token for reset.
+
+
+### `reset_transport` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L104" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+reset_transport(token: Token[TransportType | None]) -> None
+```
+
+
+Reset transport to previous value.
+
+
+### `set_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L134" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_context(context: Context) -> Generator[Context, None, None]
+```
+
+## Classes
+
+### `LogData` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L110" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Data object for passing log arguments to client-side handlers.
+
+This provides an interface to match the Python standard library logging,
+for compatibility with structured logging.
+
+
+### `Context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L143" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Context object providing access to MCP capabilities.
+
+This provides a cleaner interface to MCP's RequestContext functionality.
+It gets injected into tool and resource functions that request it via type hints.
+
+To use context in a tool function, add a parameter with the Context type annotation:
+
+```python
+@server.tool
+async def my_tool(x: int, ctx: Context) -> str:
+    # Log messages to the client
+    await ctx.info(f"Processing {x}")
+    await ctx.debug("Debug info")
+    await ctx.warning("Warning message")
+    await ctx.error("Error message")
+
+    # Report progress
+    await ctx.report_progress(50, 100, "Processing")
+
+    # Access resources
+    data = await ctx.read_resource("resource://data")
+
+    # Get request info
+    request_id = ctx.request_id
+    client_id = ctx.client_id
+
+    # Manage state across the session (persists across requests)
+    await ctx.set_state("key", "value")
+    value = await ctx.get_state("key")
+
+    # Store non-serializable values for the current request only
+    await ctx.set_state("client", http_client, serializable=False)
+
+    return str(x)
+```
+
+State Management:
+Context provides session-scoped state that persists across requests within
+the same MCP session. State is automatically keyed by session, ensuring
+isolation between different clients.
+
+State set during `on_initialize` middleware will persist to subsequent tool
+calls when using the same session object (STDIO, SSE, single-server HTTP).
+For distributed/serverless HTTP deployments where different machines handle
+the init and tool calls, state is isolated by the mcp-session-id header.
+
+The context parameter name can be anything as long as it's annotated with Context.
+The context is optional - tools that don't need it can omit the parameter.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `is_background_task` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L224" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_background_task(self) -> bool
+```
+
+True when this context is running in a background task (Docket worker).
+
+When True, certain operations like elicit() will use task-aware
+implementations that can pause the task and wait for client input.
+
+
+#### `task_id` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L242" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+task_id(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+Get the background task ID if running in a background task.
+
+Returns None if not running in a background task context.
+
+
+#### `origin_request_id` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L250" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+origin_request_id(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+Get the request ID that originated this execution, if available.
+
+In foreground request mode, this is the current request_id.
+In background task mode, this is the request_id captured when the task
+was submitted, if one was available.
+
+
+#### `fastmcp` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L262" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+fastmcp(self) -> FastMCP
+```
+
+Get the FastMCP instance.
+
+
+#### `request_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L312" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+request_context(self) -> FastMCPRequestContext | None
+```
+
+Access to the underlying request context.
+
+Returns None when the MCP session has not been established yet.
+Returns the FastMCPRequestContext wrapper once the MCP session is available.
+
+For HTTP request access in middleware, use `get_http_request()` from fastmcp.server.dependencies,
+which works whether or not the MCP session is available.
+
+Example in middleware:
+```python
+async def on_request(self, context, call_next):
+    ctx = context.fastmcp_context
+    if ctx.request_context:
+        # MCP session available - can access session_id, request_id, etc.
+        session_id = ctx.session_id
+    else:
+        # MCP session not available yet - use HTTP helpers
+        from fastmcp.server.dependencies import get_http_request
+        request = get_http_request()
+    return await call_next(context)
+```
+
+
+#### `client_extension_settings` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L337" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+client_extension_settings(self, identifier: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None
+```
+
+This request's per-request opt-in settings for an MCP extension.
+
+SEP-2133 extensions negotiate per request: the client repeats its
+extension capabilities in each request's ``_meta`` under
+``io.modelcontextprotocol/clientCapabilities`` → ``extensions`` →
+``identifier``. Returns the declared settings dict (possibly empty) when
+the extension was opted in for this request, or ``None`` when it was
+not (or there is no active request). This bridges an extension's
+``tools/call`` interceptor — which receives a FastMCP ``Context`` — to
+the request's declared client capabilities.
+
+
+#### `input_responses` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L378" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+input_responses(self) -> mcp_types.InputResponses | None
+```
+
+Client responses to a prior `InputRequiredResult.input_requests`.
+
+The multi-round-trip guard channel (SEP-2322). A guard tool inspects
+this to decide what to do on each round: `None` on the initial round
+(nothing has been asked yet, or the client retried without responses),
+so the tool returns an `InputRequiredResult` to ask; present on a later
+round, so the tool reads the answers and proceeds. It is a mapping whose
+keys match the `input_requests` map the tool minted; each value is the
+client's result for that request (an `ElicitResult`, `CreateMessageResult`,
+or `ListRootsResult`).
+
+In a background task there is no wire request, so this falls back to the
+responses the in-task guard loop delivered (see the tasks extension).
+
+
+#### `request_state` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L399" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+request_state(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+Opaque state echoed from a prior `InputRequiredResult.request_state`.
+
+The multi-round-trip guard channel (SEP-2322): whatever a tool put in
+`InputRequiredResult.request_state` on an earlier round is handed back
+here (as plaintext — the framework seals it on the wire and unseals it
+before the tool runs, so tampering is rejected before this is read).
+`None` on the initial round. Use it to carry a small amount of computed
+state across rounds without re-deriving it.
+
+In a background task there is no wire request, so this falls back to the
+state the in-task guard loop re-injected (see the tasks extension).
+
+
+#### `lifespan_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L418" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+lifespan_context(self) -> dict[str, Any]
+```
+
+Access the server's lifespan context.
+
+Returns the context dict yielded by *this* server's lifespan function.
+For a mounted child this is the child's own lifespan, not the parent's
+— the MCP session always belongs to the parent, so reading from the
+request context would return the parent's. We read directly from the
+server's cached lifespan result instead, which is set by the
+per-server ``_lifespan_manager`` regardless of mount position.
+
+Returns an empty dict if no lifespan was configured.
+
+Example:
+```python
+@server.tool
+def my_tool(ctx: Context) -> str:
+    db = ctx.lifespan_context.get("db")
+    if db:
+        return db.query("SELECT 1")
+    return "No database connection"
+```
+
+
+#### `report_progress` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L453" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+report_progress(self, progress: float, total: float | None = None, message: str | None = None) -> None
+```
+
+Report progress for the current operation.
+
+Works in both foreground (MCP progress notifications) and background
+(Docket task execution) contexts.
+
+**Args:**
+- `progress`: Current progress value e.g. 24
+- `total`: Optional total value e.g. 100
+- `message`: Optional status message describing current progress
+
+
+#### `list_resources` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L552" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_resources(self) -> list[SDKResource]
+```
+
+List all available resources from the server.
+
+**Returns:**
+- List of Resource objects available on the server
+
+
+#### `list_prompts` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L563" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_prompts(self) -> list[SDKPrompt]
+```
+
+List all available prompts from the server.
+
+**Returns:**
+- List of Prompt objects available on the server
+
+
+#### `get_prompt` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L574" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_prompt(self, name: str, arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> GetPromptResult
+```
+
+Get a prompt by name with optional arguments.
+
+**Args:**
+- `name`: The name of the prompt to get
+- `arguments`: Optional arguments to pass to the prompt
+
+**Returns:**
+- The prompt result
+
+
+#### `read_resource` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L593" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+read_resource(self, uri: str | AnyUrl) -> ResourceResult
+```
+
+Read a resource by URI.
+
+**Args:**
+- `uri`: Resource URI to read
+
+**Returns:**
+- ResourceResult with contents
+
+
+#### `log` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L609" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+log(self, message: str, level: LoggingLevel | None = None, logger_name: str | None = None, extra: Mapping[str, Any] | None = None) -> None
+```
+
+Send a log message to the client.
+
+Messages sent to Clients are also logged to the `fastmcp.server.context.to_client` logger with a level of `DEBUG`.
+
+**Args:**
+- `message`: Log message
+- `level`: Optional log level. One of "debug", "info", "notice", "warning", "error", "critical",
+"alert", or "emergency". Default is "info".
+- `logger_name`: Optional logger name
+- `extra`: Optional mapping for additional arguments
+
+
+#### `transport` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L650" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+transport(self) -> TransportType | None
+```
+
+Get the current transport type.
+
+Returns the transport type used to run this server: "stdio", "sse",
+or "streamable-http". Returns None if called outside of a server context.
+
+
+#### `client_supports_extension` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L658" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+client_supports_extension(self, extension_id: str) -> bool
+```
+
+Check whether the connected client supports a given MCP extension.
+
+Inspects the ``extensions`` extra field on ``ClientCapabilities``
+sent by the client during initialization.
+
+Reads the client's advertised capabilities from the session, which is
+available in request mode and in background-task mode (where the
+snapshot session preserves the client's initialize params). Returns
+``False`` when no session is available (e.g., a distributed worker with
+no live session, or outside any context) or when the client did not
+advertise the extension.
+
+Example::
+
+    from fastmcp.apps.config import UI_EXTENSION_ID
+
+    @mcp.tool
+    async def my_tool(ctx: Context) -> str:
+        if ctx.client_supports_extension(UI_EXTENSION_ID):
+            return "UI-capable client"
+        return "text-only client"
+
+
+#### `client_id` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L688" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+client_id(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+Get the client ID if available.
+
+
+#### `request_id` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L696" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+request_id(self) -> str
+```
+
+Get the unique ID for this request.
+
+Raises RuntimeError if MCP request context is not available.
+
+
+#### `session_id` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L709" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+session_id(self) -> str
+```
+
+Get the MCP session ID for ALL transports.
+
+Returns the session ID that can be used as a key for session-based
+data storage (e.g., Redis) to share data between tool calls within
+the same client session.
+
+**Returns:**
+- The session ID for StreamableHTTP transports, or a generated ID
+- for other transports.
+
+
+#### `session` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L794" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+session(self) -> ServerSession
+```
+
+Access to the underlying session for advanced usage.
+
+In request mode: Returns the session from the active request context.
+In background task mode: Returns the session stored at Context creation.
+
+Raises RuntimeError if no session is available.
+
+
+#### `debug` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L820" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+debug(self, message: str, logger_name: str | None = None, extra: Mapping[str, Any] | None = None) -> None
+```
+
+Send a `DEBUG`-level message to the connected MCP Client.
+
+Messages sent to Clients are also logged to the `fastmcp.server.context.to_client` logger with a level of `DEBUG`.
+
+
+#### `info` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L836" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+info(self, message: str, logger_name: str | None = None, extra: Mapping[str, Any] | None = None) -> None
+```
+
+Send a `INFO`-level message to the connected MCP Client.
+
+Messages sent to Clients are also logged to the `fastmcp.server.context.to_client` logger with a level of `DEBUG`.
+
+
+#### `warning` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L852" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+warning(self, message: str, logger_name: str | None = None, extra: Mapping[str, Any] | None = None) -> None
+```
+
+Send a `WARNING`-level message to the connected MCP Client.
+
+Messages sent to Clients are also logged to the `fastmcp.server.context.to_client` logger with a level of `DEBUG`.
+
+
+#### `error` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L868" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+error(self, message: str, logger_name: str | None = None, extra: Mapping[str, Any] | None = None) -> None
+```
+
+Send a `ERROR`-level message to the connected MCP Client.
+
+Messages sent to Clients are also logged to the `fastmcp.server.context.to_client` logger with a level of `DEBUG`.
+
+
+#### `send_notification` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L884" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+send_notification(self, notification: mcp_types.ServerNotification) -> None
+```
+
+Send a notification to the client immediately.
+
+**Args:**
+- `notification`: An MCP notification instance (e.g., ToolListChangedNotification())
+
+
+#### `close_sse_stream` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L904" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+close_sse_stream(self) -> None
+```
+
+Close the current response stream to trigger client reconnection.
+
+When using StreamableHTTP transport with an EventStore configured, this
+method gracefully closes the HTTP connection for the current request.
+The client will automatically reconnect (after `retry_interval` milliseconds)
+and resume receiving events from where it left off via the EventStore.
+
+This is useful for long-running operations to avoid load balancer timeouts.
+Instead of holding a connection open for minutes, you can periodically close
+and let the client reconnect.
+
+
+#### `elicit` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L958" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+elicit(self, message: str, response_type: type[T]) -> AcceptedElicitation[T] | DeclinedElicitation | CancelledElicitation
+```
+
+The accepted elicitation will contain the response data
+
+
+#### `elicit` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L969" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+elicit(self, message: str, response_type: list[str]) -> AcceptedElicitation[str] | DeclinedElicitation | CancelledElicitation
+```
+
+When response_type is a list of strings, the accepted elicitation will
+contain the selected string response
+
+
+#### `elicit` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L981" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+elicit(self, message: str, response_type: dict[str, dict[str, str]]) -> AcceptedElicitation[str] | DeclinedElicitation | CancelledElicitation
+```
+
+When response_type is a dict mapping keys to title dicts, the accepted
+elicitation will contain the selected key
+
+
+#### `elicit` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L993" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+elicit(self, message: str, response_type: list[list[str]]) -> AcceptedElicitation[list[str]] | DeclinedElicitation | CancelledElicitation
+```
+
+When response_type is a list containing a list of strings (multi-select),
+the accepted elicitation will contain a list of selected strings
+
+
+#### `elicit` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L1005" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+elicit(self, message: str, response_type: list[dict[str, dict[str, str]]]) -> AcceptedElicitation[list[str]] | DeclinedElicitation | CancelledElicitation
+```
+
+When response_type is a list containing a dict mapping keys to title dicts
+(multi-select with titles), the accepted elicitation will contain a list of
+selected keys
+
+
+#### `elicit` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L1017" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+elicit(self, message: str, response_type: type[T] | list[str] | dict[str, dict[str, str]] | list[list[str]] | list[dict[str, dict[str, str]]]) -> AcceptedElicitation[T] | AcceptedElicitation[dict[str, Any]] | AcceptedElicitation[str] | AcceptedElicitation[list[str]] | DeclinedElicitation | CancelledElicitation
+```
+
+Send an elicitation request to the client and await the response.
+
+Call this method at any time to request additional information from
+the user through the client. The client must support elicitation,
+or the request will error.
+
+Note that the MCP protocol only supports simple object schemas with
+primitive types. You can provide a dataclass, TypedDict, or BaseModel to
+comply. If you provide a primitive type, an object schema with a single
+"value" field will be generated for the MCP interaction and
+automatically deconstructed into the primitive type upon response.
+
+``response_type`` is required. Pass ``bool`` when all you need is a
+confirmation; an empty schema leaves some clients rendering an empty,
+non-functional form.
+
+**Args:**
+- `message`: A human-readable message explaining what information is needed
+- `response_type`: The type of the response, which should be a primitive
+type or dataclass or BaseModel. If it is a primitive type, an
+object schema with a single "value" field will be generated.
+- `response_title`: Optional label to display for the wrapped ``value``
+field when ``response_type`` is a scalar, Literal, Enum, or one
+of the dict/list shorthand forms. Overrides the auto-generated
+"Value" label. Raises ``TypeError`` if passed with a BaseModel,
+dataclass, or ``None`` response type (use ``Field(title=...)``
+on the model instead).
+- `response_description`: Optional description to attach to the wrapped
+``value`` field. Same scope rules as ``response_title``.
+
+
+#### `set_state` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L1110" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_state(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None
+```
+
+Set a value in the state store.
+
+By default, values are stored in the session-scoped state store and
+persist across requests within the same MCP session. Values must be
+JSON-serializable (dicts, lists, strings, numbers, etc.).
+
+For non-serializable values (e.g., HTTP clients, database connections),
+pass ``serializable=False``. These values are stored in a request-scoped
+dict and only live for the current MCP request (tool call, resource
+read, or prompt render). They will not be available in subsequent
+requests.
+
+The key is automatically prefixed with the session identifier.
+
+
+#### `get_state` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L1164" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_state(self, key: str) -> Any
+```
+
+Get a value from the state store.
+
+Checks request-scoped state first (set with ``serializable=False``),
+then falls back to the session-scoped state store.
+
+Returns None if the key is not found.
+
+
+#### `delete_state` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L1178" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+delete_state(self, key: str) -> None
+```
+
+Delete a value from the state store.
+
+Removes from both request-scoped and session-scoped stores.
+
+
+#### `enable_components` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L1199" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+enable_components(self) -> None
+```
+
+Enable components matching criteria for this session only.
+
+Session rules override global transforms. Rules accumulate - each call
+adds a new rule to the session. Later marks override earlier ones
+(Visibility transform semantics).
+
+Sends notifications to this session only: ToolListChangedNotification,
+ResourceListChangedNotification, and PromptListChangedNotification.
+
+**Args:**
+- `names`: Component names or URIs to match.
+- `keys`: Component keys to match (e.g., {"tool\:my_tool@v1"}).
+- `version`: Component version spec to match.
+- `tags`: Tags to match (component must have at least one).
+- `components`: Component types to match (e.g., {"tool", "prompt"}).
+- `match_all`: If True, matches all components regardless of other criteria.
+
+
+#### `disable_components` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L1237" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+disable_components(self) -> None
+```
+
+Disable components matching criteria for this session only.
+
+Session rules override global transforms. Rules accumulate - each call
+adds a new rule to the session. Later marks override earlier ones
+(Visibility transform semantics).
+
+Sends notifications to this session only: ToolListChangedNotification,
+ResourceListChangedNotification, and PromptListChangedNotification.
+
+**Args:**
+- `names`: Component names or URIs to match.
+- `keys`: Component keys to match (e.g., {"tool\:my_tool@v1"}).
+- `version`: Component version spec to match.
+- `tags`: Tags to match (component must have at least one).
+- `components`: Component types to match (e.g., {"tool", "prompt"}).
+- `match_all`: If True, matches all components regardless of other criteria.
+
+
+#### `reset_visibility` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/context.py#L1275" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+reset_visibility(self) -> None
+```
+
+Clear all session visibility rules.
+
+Use this to reset session visibility back to global defaults.
+
+Sends notifications to this session only: ToolListChangedNotification,
+ResourceListChangedNotification, and PromptListChangedNotification.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-dependencies.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,614 @@
+---
+title: dependencies
+sidebarTitle: dependencies
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.dependencies`
+
+
+Dependency injection for FastMCP.
+
+DI features (Depends, CurrentContext, CurrentFastMCP) work without pydocket
+using the uncalled-for DI engine. The docket-specific dependencies
+(``CurrentDocket``, ``CurrentWorker``) and background task execution live in the
+``fastmcp-tasks`` package.
+
+
+## Functions
+
+### `bind_request_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L104" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+bind_request_context(ctx: ServerRequestContext) -> Generator[FastMCPRequestContext, None, None]
+```
+
+
+Bind a ``FastMCPRequestContext`` for the duration of a handler.
+
+Constructs the wrapper from the SDK's per-request context and sets/resets
+the ``fastmcp_request_ctx`` ContextVar. Every request adapter and the
+initialize middleware enters this so ``Context`` and dependency helpers can
+read the active request from the ContextVar.
+
+
+### `extract_version_spec` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L131" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+extract_version_spec(meta: dict[str, Any] | None) -> str | None
+```
+
+
+Extract the FastMCP component version from a lifted ``_meta`` block.
+
+
+### `set_background_context_factory` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L185" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_background_context_factory(factory: Callable[[], Awaitable[Context | None]] | None) -> None
+```
+
+
+Install (or clear) the background-task ``Context`` factory.
+
+The factory returns an already-entered ``Context`` (so ``_current_context``
+is set for cleanup) when called inside a worker, or ``None`` when there is
+no task context. Passing ``None`` restores core's no-worker-fallback
+behavior.
+
+
+### `set_worker_server_resolver` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L207" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_worker_server_resolver(resolver: Callable[[], FastMCP | None] | None) -> None
+```
+
+
+Install (or clear) the worker-server resolver used by ``get_server()``.
+
+
+### `is_docket_available` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L244" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_docket_available() -> bool
+```
+
+
+Check if a compatible pydocket (>= 0.19.0) is installed and importable.
+
+Three things have to be true for fastmcp's task features to work:
+  1. pydocket distribution metadata is discoverable
+  2. its version is at least ``_MIN_DOCKET_VERSION`` (older versions are
+     missing symbols like ``docket.dependencies.current_execution``,
+     which fastmcp imports on the request hot path)
+  3. the package actually imports — guards against broken/partial
+     installs where metadata exists but ``import docket`` blows up
+
+Any of those failing means we treat docket as unavailable and fall back
+to the no-tasks code paths instead of crashing deep inside a request.
+
+
+### `transform_context_annotations` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L276" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+transform_context_annotations(fn: Callable[..., Any]) -> Callable[..., Any]
+```
+
+
+Transform injected-by-type params into Dependency-defaulted params.
+
+Transforms ALL params typed as Context (into ``= CurrentContext()``) and as
+UserSession (into ``= CurrentSession()``) to use Docket's DI system, unless
+they already have a Dependency-based default.
+
+This unifies the legacy type annotation DI with Docket's Depends() system,
+allowing both patterns to work through a single resolution path.
+
+Note: Only POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD parameters are reordered (params with defaults
+after those without). KEYWORD_ONLY parameters keep their position since Python
+allows them to have defaults in any order.
+
+**Args:**
+- `fn`: Function to transform
+
+**Returns:**
+- Function with modified signature (same function object, updated __signature__)
+
+
+### `get_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L442" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_context() -> Context
+```
+
+
+Get the current FastMCP Context instance directly.
+
+
+### `get_server` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L452" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_server() -> FastMCP
+```
+
+
+Get the current FastMCP server instance directly.
+
+In a background-task worker the tasks extension's resolver is consulted
+first, so a mounted-child task resolves to the child server rather than the
+root that started the worker (#3571).
+
+**Returns:**
+- The active FastMCP server
+
+**Raises:**
+- `RuntimeError`: If no server in context
+
+
+### `get_session` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L480" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_session(session_id: str) -> Session
+```
+
+
+Resolve and validate a `Session` for an explicit `session_id`.
+
+Pair with a `session_id: SessionId` tool argument (the agent obtains an id
+from `create_session` and passes it back). For a single per-user bucket with
+nothing for the agent to pass, inject `session: UserSession` instead.
+
+State is keyed by `(principal, session_id)`: the authenticated principal is
+the isolation wall and `session_id` organizes sessions within it. The id must
+have been minted by `create_session` under the current principal; an id that
+was never created, or created under a different principal, raises
+`InvalidSession` rather than resolving to a fresh empty bucket (the specific
+reason is logged at debug level, never returned to the caller).
+
+Like `get_server()`, this resolves through the task-aware server, so it needs
+no foreground context — it works from a `task=True` tool's Docket worker as
+well as a normal request.
+
+
+### `get_http_request` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L515" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_http_request() -> Request
+```
+
+
+Get the current HTTP request.
+
+Tries MCP SDK's request_ctx first, then falls back to FastMCP's HTTP context.
+
+
+### `get_http_headers` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L536" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_http_headers(include_all: bool = False, include: set[str] | None = None) -> dict[str, str]
+```
+
+
+Extract headers from the current HTTP request if available.
+
+Never raises an exception, even if there is no active HTTP request (in which case
+an empty dict is returned).
+
+By default, strips problematic headers like `content-length` and `authorization`
+that cause issues if forwarded to downstream services. If `include_all` is True,
+all headers are returned.
+
+The `include` parameter allows specific headers to be included even if they would
+normally be excluded. This is useful for proxy transports that need to forward
+authorization headers to upstream MCP servers.
+
+
+### `get_access_token` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L600" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_access_token() -> AccessToken | None
+```
+
+
+Get the FastMCP access token from the current context.
+
+This function first tries to get the token from the current HTTP request's scope,
+which is more reliable for long-lived connections where the SDK's auth_context_var
+may become stale after token refresh. Falls back to the SDK's context var if no
+request is available.
+
+**Returns:**
+- The access token if an authenticated user is available, None otherwise.
+
+
+### `without_injected_parameters` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L659" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+without_injected_parameters(fn: Callable[..., Any]) -> Callable[..., Any]
+```
+
+
+Create a wrapper function without injected parameters.
+
+Returns a wrapper that excludes Context and Docket dependency parameters,
+making it safe to use with Pydantic TypeAdapter for schema generation and
+validation. The wrapper internally handles all dependency resolution and
+Context injection when called.
+
+Handles:
+- Legacy Context injection (always works)
+- Depends() injection (always works - uses docket or vendored DI engine)
+
+**Args:**
+- `fn`: Original function with Context and/or dependencies
+- `run_in_thread`: For sync ``fn``, whether to dispatch the call to a worker
+thread after resolving dependencies. Defaults to True. Set to False
+to call ``fn`` inline on the event loop thread — required for
+thread-affinity libraries (e.g. Windows COM). Ignored for async fns.
+
+**Returns:**
+- Async wrapper function without injected parameters
+
+
+### `resolve_dependencies` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L820" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+resolve_dependencies(fn: Callable[..., Any], arguments: dict[str, Any]) -> AsyncGenerator[dict[str, Any], None]
+```
+
+
+Resolve dependencies for a FastMCP function.
+
+This function:
+1. Filters out any dependency parameter names from user arguments (security)
+2. Resolves Depends() parameters via the DI system
+
+The filtering prevents external callers from overriding injected parameters by
+providing values for dependency parameter names. This is a security feature.
+
+Note: Context injection is handled via transform_context_annotations() which
+converts `ctx: Context` to `ctx: Context = Depends(get_context)` at registration
+time, so all injection goes through the unified DI system.
+
+**Args:**
+- `fn`: The function to resolve dependencies for
+- `arguments`: User arguments (may contain keys that match dependency names,
+      which will be filtered out)
+
+
+### `CurrentContext` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L945" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+CurrentContext() -> Context
+```
+
+
+Get the current FastMCP Context instance.
+
+This dependency provides access to the active FastMCP Context for the
+current MCP operation (tool/resource/prompt call).
+
+**Returns:**
+- A dependency that resolves to the active Context instance
+
+**Raises:**
+- `RuntimeError`: If no active context found (during resolution)
+
+
+### `OptionalCurrentContext` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L970" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+OptionalCurrentContext() -> Context | None
+```
+
+
+Get the current FastMCP Context, or None when no context is active.
+
+
+### `CurrentFastMCP` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L990" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+CurrentFastMCP() -> FastMCP
+```
+
+
+Get the current FastMCP server instance.
+
+This dependency provides access to the active FastMCP server.
+
+**Returns:**
+- A dependency that resolves to the active FastMCP server
+
+**Raises:**
+- `RuntimeError`: If no server in context (during resolution)
+
+
+### `CurrentRequest` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1030" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+CurrentRequest() -> Request
+```
+
+
+Get the current HTTP request.
+
+This dependency provides access to the Starlette Request object for the
+current HTTP request. Only available when running over HTTP transports
+(SSE or Streamable HTTP).
+
+**Returns:**
+- A dependency that resolves to the active Starlette Request
+
+**Raises:**
+- `RuntimeError`: If no HTTP request in context (e.g., STDIO transport)
+
+
+### `CurrentHeaders` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1071" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+CurrentHeaders() -> dict[str, str]
+```
+
+
+Get the current HTTP request headers.
+
+This dependency provides access to the HTTP headers for the current request,
+including the authorization header. Returns an empty dictionary when no HTTP
+request is available, making it safe to use in code that might run over any
+transport.
+
+**Returns:**
+- A dependency that resolves to a dictionary of header name -> value
+
+
+### `CurrentAccessToken` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1289" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+CurrentAccessToken() -> AccessToken
+```
+
+
+Get the current access token for the authenticated user.
+
+This dependency provides access to the AccessToken for the current
+authenticated request. Raises an error if no authentication is present.
+
+**Returns:**
+- A dependency that resolves to the active AccessToken
+
+**Raises:**
+- `RuntimeError`: If no authenticated user (use get_access_token() for optional)
+
+
+### `TokenClaim` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1346" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+TokenClaim(name: str) -> str
+```
+
+
+Get a specific claim from the access token.
+
+This dependency extracts a single claim value from the current access token.
+It's useful for getting user identifiers, roles, or other token claims
+without needing the full token object.
+
+**Args:**
+- `name`: The name of the claim to extract (e.g., "oid", "sub", "email")
+
+**Returns:**
+- A dependency that resolves to the claim value as a string
+
+**Raises:**
+- `RuntimeError`: If no access token is available or claim is missing
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `FastMCPRequestContext` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L55" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+FastMCP-owned wrapper around the SDK's per-request context.
+
+The SDK v2 runner hands each handler a fresh ``ServerRequestContext`` as an
+argument rather than exposing it through a ContextVar. FastMCP owns this
+ContextVar (``fastmcp_request_ctx``) and each request adapter binds a
+``FastMCPRequestContext`` at the top of the handler (and the initialize
+middleware binds it too).
+
+A wrapper rather than the raw context because the SDK's
+``ServerRequestContext.meta`` is a bare ``RequestParamsMeta`` TypedDict that
+only carries ``progress_token`` — it does not carry ``_meta.fastmcp`` or the
+distributed-trace parent. Those live in the raw params dict under ``_meta``,
+which this wrapper lifts once so downstream consumers have a stable surface.
+
+
+### `ProgressLike` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1099" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Protocol for progress tracking interface.
+
+Defines the common interface between InMemoryProgress (server context)
+and Docket's Progress (worker context).
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `current` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1107" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+current(self) -> int | None
+```
+
+Current progress value.
+
+
+#### `total` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1112" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+total(self) -> int
+```
+
+Total/target progress value.
+
+
+#### `message` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1117" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+message(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+Current progress message.
+
+
+#### `set_total` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1121" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_total(self, total: int) -> None
+```
+
+Set the total/target value for progress tracking.
+
+
+#### `increment` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1125" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+increment(self, amount: int = 1) -> None
+```
+
+Atomically increment the current progress value.
+
+
+#### `set_message` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1129" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_message(self, message: str | None) -> None
+```
+
+Update the progress status message.
+
+
+### `InMemoryProgress` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1134" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+In-memory progress tracker for immediate tool execution.
+
+Provides the same interface as Docket's Progress but stores state in memory
+instead of Redis. Useful for testing and immediate execution where
+progress doesn't need to be observable across processes.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `current` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1159" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+current(self) -> int | None
+```
+
+#### `total` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1163" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+total(self) -> int
+```
+
+#### `message` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1167" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+message(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+#### `set_total` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1170" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_total(self, total: int) -> None
+```
+
+Set the total/target value for progress tracking.
+
+
+#### `increment` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1176" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+increment(self, amount: int = 1) -> None
+```
+
+Atomically increment the current progress value.
+
+
+#### `set_message` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1185" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_message(self, message: str | None) -> None
+```
+
+Update the progress status message.
+
+
+### `Progress` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1190" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Progress dependency that works in both server and worker contexts.
+
+In a Docket worker, delegates to the execution's Redis-backed progress
+(observable across processes). Otherwise, uses in-memory tracking.
+
+The shared default instance acts as a stateless factory — ``__aenter__``
+creates a fresh ``Progress`` per invocation so concurrent tasks never
+share mutable state.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `current` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1231" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+current(self) -> int | None
+```
+
+Current progress value.
+
+
+#### `total` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1237" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+total(self) -> int
+```
+
+Total/target progress value.
+
+
+#### `message` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1243" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+message(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+Current progress message.
+
+
+#### `set_total` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1248" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_total(self, total: int) -> None
+```
+
+Set the total/target value for progress tracking.
+
+
+#### `increment` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1253" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+increment(self, amount: int = 1) -> None
+```
+
+Atomically increment the current progress value.
+
+
+#### `set_message` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/dependencies.py#L1258" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_message(self, message: str | None) -> None
+```
+
+Update the progress status message.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-elicitation.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+---
+title: elicitation
+sidebarTitle: elicitation
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.elicitation`
+
+## Functions
+
+### `parse_elicit_response_type` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L143" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+parse_elicit_response_type(response_type: Any, response_title: str | None = None, response_description: str | None = None) -> ElicitConfig
+```
+
+
+Parse response_type into schema and handling configuration.
+
+A response type is required; ``None`` raises ``TypeError``. Supports
+multiple syntaxes:
+- dict: `{"low": {"title": "..."}}` -> single-select titled enum
+- list patterns:
+    - `[["a", "b"]]` -> multi-select untitled
+    - `[{"low": {...}}]` -> multi-select titled
+    - `["a", "b"]` -> single-select untitled
+- `list\[X]` type annotation: multi-select with type
+- Scalar types (bool, int, float, str, Literal, Enum): single value
+- Other types (dataclass, BaseModel): use directly
+
+The ``response_title`` and ``response_description`` arguments customize the
+label and description of the wrapped ``value`` property for the scalar/dict/list
+shorthand forms. They are only valid when FastMCP is wrapping the response
+type; passing them with a full BaseModel/dataclass raises ``TypeError``,
+because in those cases the user already controls field metadata via
+``Field(title=..., description=...)``.
+
+
+### `handle_elicit_accept` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L310" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+handle_elicit_accept(config: ElicitConfig, content: Any) -> AcceptedElicitation[Any]
+```
+
+
+Handle an accepted elicitation response.
+
+**Args:**
+- `config`: The elicitation configuration from parse_elicit_response_type
+- `content`: The response content from the client
+
+**Returns:**
+- AcceptedElicitation with the extracted/validated data
+
+
+### `get_elicitation_schema` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L369" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_elicitation_schema(response_type: type[T]) -> dict[str, Any]
+```
+
+
+Get the schema for an elicitation response.
+
+**Args:**
+- `response_type`: The type of the response
+
+
+### `validate_elicitation_json_schema` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L395" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+validate_elicitation_json_schema(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None
+```
+
+
+Validate that a JSON schema follows MCP elicitation requirements.
+
+This ensures the schema is compatible with MCP elicitation requirements:
+- Must be an object schema
+- Must only contain primitive field types (string, number, integer, boolean)
+- Must be flat (no nested objects or arrays of objects)
+- Allows const fields (for Literal types) and enum fields (for Enum types)
+- Only primitive types and their nullable variants are allowed
+
+**Args:**
+- `schema`: The JSON schema to validate
+
+**Raises:**
+- `TypeError`: If the schema doesn't meet MCP elicitation requirements
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `ElicitationJsonSchema` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L36" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Custom JSON schema generator for MCP elicitation that always inlines enums.
+
+MCP elicitation requires inline enum schemas without $ref/$defs references.
+This generator ensures enums are always generated inline for compatibility.
+Optionally adds enumNames for better UI display when available.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `generate_inner` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L44" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+generate_inner(self, schema: core_schema.CoreSchema) -> JsonSchemaValue
+```
+
+Override to prevent ref generation for enums and handle list schemas.
+
+
+#### `list_schema` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L57" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_schema(self, schema: core_schema.ListSchema) -> JsonSchemaValue
+```
+
+Generate schema for list types, detecting enum items for multi-select.
+
+
+#### `enum_schema` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L94" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+enum_schema(self, schema: core_schema.EnumSchema) -> JsonSchemaValue
+```
+
+Generate inline enum schema.
+
+Always generates enum pattern: `{"enum": [value, ...]}`
+Titled enums are handled separately via dict-based syntax in ctx.elicit().
+
+
+### `AcceptedElicitation` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L105" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Result when user accepts the elicitation.
+
+
+### `ScalarElicitationType` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L113" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+### `ElicitConfig` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/elicitation.py#L118" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Configuration for an elicitation request.
+
+**Attributes:**
+- `schema`: The JSON schema to send to the client
+- `response_type`: The type to validate responses with (None for raw schemas)
+- `is_raw`: True if schema was built directly (extract "value" from response)
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-event_store.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+---
+title: event_store
+sidebarTitle: event_store
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.event_store`
+
+
+EventStore implementation backed by AsyncKeyValue.
+
+This module provides an EventStore implementation that enables SSE polling/resumability
+for Streamable HTTP transports. Events are stored using the key_value package's
+AsyncKeyValue protocol, allowing users to configure any compatible backend
+(in-memory, Redis, etc.) following the same pattern as ResponseCachingMiddleware.
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `EventEntry` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/event_store.py#L38" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Stored event entry.
+
+
+### `StreamEventList` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/event_store.py#L46" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+List of event IDs for a stream.
+
+
+### `EventStore` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/event_store.py#L52" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+EventStore implementation backed by AsyncKeyValue.
+
+Enables SSE polling/resumability by storing events that can be replayed
+when clients reconnect. Works with any AsyncKeyValue backend (memory, Redis, etc.)
+following the same pattern as ResponseCachingMiddleware and OAuthProxy.
+
+**Args:**
+- `storage`: AsyncKeyValue backend. Defaults to MemoryStore.
+- `max_events_per_stream`: Maximum events to retain per stream. Default 100.
+- `ttl`: Event TTL in seconds. Default 3600 (1 hour). Set to None for no expiration.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `store_event` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/event_store.py#L120" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+store_event(self, stream_id: StreamId, message: JSONRPCMessage | None) -> EventId
+```
+
+Store an event and return its ID.
+
+**Args:**
+- `stream_id`: ID of the stream the event belongs to
+- `message`: The JSON-RPC message to store, or None for priming events
+
+**Returns:**
+- The generated event ID for the stored event
+
+
+#### `replay_events_after` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/event_store.py#L166" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+replay_events_after(self, last_event_id: EventId, send_callback: EventCallback) -> StreamId | None
+```
+
+Replay events that occurred after the specified event ID.
+
+**Args:**
+- `last_event_id`: The ID of the last event the client received
+- `send_callback`: A callback function to send events to the client
+
+**Returns:**
+- The stream ID of the replayed events, or None if the event ID was not found
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-extensions.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+---
+title: extensions
+sidebarTitle: extensions
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.extensions`
+
+
+FastMCP-native server extension API (SEP-2133).
+
+An MCP extension is an opt-in, capability-negotiated bundle of protocol
+behaviour identified by a reverse-DNS string (e.g. `io.modelcontextprotocol/tasks`).
+Unlike the SDK's `mcp.server.extension.Extension`, a FastMCP `ServerExtension`
+is bound to its `FastMCP` instance at registration, so its request handlers and
+its `tools/call` interceptor can reach the component registry, `Context`, and
+auth scope that the SDK's model withholds.
+
+An extension contributes any subset of four things:
+
+- **A negotiated capability.** `settings()` is spliced into
+  `ServerCapabilities.extensions[identifier]` (see `LowLevelServer.get_capabilities`).
+- **New request methods.** `methods()` returns `MethodBinding`s, each wired onto
+  the low-level server via `add_request_handler` when the extension is registered.
+- **A `tools/call` interceptor.** `intercept_tool_call()` is the last gate before
+  a tool body runs — it composes *after* the FastMCP middleware chain and *before*
+  component execution, so it can observe, short-circuit, or pass a call through.
+- **A lifespan.** `lifespan()` is entered with the server's lifespan and exited on
+  shutdown — the hook the SDK's `Extension` lacks, needed to start backends/workers.
+
+The base class follows the SDK's httpx-style shape: every contribution method has
+a default, so a subclass overrides only what it needs.
+
+
+## Functions
+
+### `read_client_extension_settings` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L235" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+read_client_extension_settings(ctx: ServerRequestContext[Any, Any], identifier: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None
+```
+
+
+Read a client's per-request extension opt-in from the request `_meta`.
+
+SEP-2133 extensions negotiate per request: the client repeats its extension
+capabilities in each request's `_meta` under
+`io.modelcontextprotocol/clientCapabilities` → `extensions` → `identifier`.
+Returns the declared settings dict (possibly empty) when the extension was
+opted in for this request, or `None` when it was not.
+
+
+### `build_method_handler` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L249" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+build_method_handler(binding: MethodBinding) -> ExtensionRequestHandler
+```
+
+
+Wrap a `MethodBinding` into a low-level request handler.
+
+The adapter enforces `protocol_versions` gating (rejecting other versions as
+`METHOD_NOT_FOUND`, since `add_request_handler` registers unconditionally)
+and binds the FastMCP request context so the handler can use `get_context()`,
+auth, and other request-scoped dependencies.
+
+
+### `wrap_tool_call_interceptor` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L278" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+wrap_tool_call_interceptor(extension: ServerExtension, call_next: Callable[[Any], Awaitable[Any]]) -> Callable[[Any], Awaitable[Any]]
+```
+
+
+Fold one extension's `intercept_tool_call` around a middleware `call_next`.
+
+The returned wrapper is a FastMCP `CallNext`: it hands the extension the
+validated `tools/call` params, the FastMCP `Context`, and a zero-arg
+continuation that runs the rest of the chain and, finally, the tool body.
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `MethodBinding` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L77" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+A new request method an extension serves, e.g. `tasks/get`.
+
+`params_type` validates incoming params before `handler` runs; it should
+subclass `RequestParams` so `_meta` parses uniformly. `protocol_versions`,
+when set, restricts the method to those wire versions — a request at any
+other version is rejected as `METHOD_NOT_FOUND`, mirroring the spec's
+`(method, version)` boundary. `None` (the default) admits every version.
+
+Extension methods are additive: `method` must not name a spec-defined
+request method (`tools/call`, `completion/complete`, ...). Binding one would
+silently shadow the server's own handler. Both constraints are enforced at
+construction.
+
+
+### `ServerExtension` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L111" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Base class for an opt-in FastMCP server extension (SEP-2133).
+
+Subclass, set `identifier`, and override the contribution methods that
+apply. Every method has a default, so a minimal extension overrides only
+`identifier` and one contribution. `identifier` is validated at
+subclass-definition time when set as a class attribute, and again at
+registration (which covers per-instance identifiers assigned in `__init__`).
+
+Register an instance with `FastMCP.add_extension(...)`, which binds the
+extension to the server so `self.server`, `intercept_tool_call`, and method
+handlers can reach FastMCP-level constructs.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `server` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L149" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+server(self) -> FastMCP
+```
+
+The FastMCP server this extension is registered on.
+
+Handlers, interceptors, and lifespan code reach the component registry,
+`Context`, and auth scope through here. Raises if the extension has not
+been registered with `FastMCP.add_extension()`.
+
+
+#### `settings` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L165" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+settings(self) -> dict[str, Any]
+```
+
+Per-extension settings advertised at `capabilities.extensions[identifier]`.
+
+An empty dict (the default) advertises the extension with no settings.
+
+
+#### `methods` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L172" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+methods(self) -> Sequence[MethodBinding]
+```
+
+New request methods this extension serves (additive).
+
+
+#### `lifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L176" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+lifespan(self) -> AbstractAsyncContextManager[None]
+```
+
+A context manager entered with the server's lifespan, exited on shutdown.
+
+Default: a no-op. Override to start and stop resources an extension owns
+(a task-queue backend and worker, say). Entered once per runtime tree, at
+the root — a mounted child defers to the root, as the shared Docket does.
+
+
+#### `intercept_tool_call` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L185" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+intercept_tool_call(self, params: CallToolRequestParams, context: Context, call_next: ToolCallContinuation) -> ToolCallOutcome
+```
+
+Wrap `tools/call`. Default: pass through unchanged.
+
+Runs after the FastMCP middleware chain and before the tool body, so it
+is the last gate before execution. Override to observe the call, to
+short-circuit (return a result without awaiting `call_next`), or to pass
+it through (`return await call_next()`). `params` is the validated
+`tools/call` params; `context` is the FastMCP `Context`, from which the
+tool being called (`context.fastmcp.get_tool(params.name)`), auth scope,
+and the server are reachable. Multiple extensions nest with the
+first-registered outermost.
+
+
+#### `client_settings` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/extensions.py#L204" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+client_settings(self, ctx: ServerRequestContext[Any, Any]) -> dict[str, Any] | None
+```
+
+This extension's per-request opt-in settings declared by the client.
+
+Reads the request's `_meta` client-capabilities block. Returns the
+declared settings dict (possibly empty) when the client opted this
+extension in for the request, or `None` when it did not. Convenience for
+`read_client_extension_settings(ctx, self.identifier)`.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-http.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+---
+title: http
+sidebarTitle: http
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.http`
+
+## Functions
+
+### `set_http_request` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L355" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set_http_request(request: Request) -> Generator[Request, None, None]
+```
+
+### `create_base_app` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L388" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+create_base_app(routes: list[BaseRoute], middleware: list[Middleware], debug: bool = False, lifespan: Callable | None = None) -> StarletteWithLifespan
+```
+
+
+Create a base Starlette app with common middleware and routes.
+
+**Args:**
+- `routes`: List of routes to include in the app
+- `middleware`: List of middleware to include in the app
+- `debug`: Whether to enable debug mode
+- `lifespan`: Optional lifespan manager for the app
+
+**Returns:**
+- A Starlette application
+
+
+### `create_sse_app` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L416" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+create_sse_app(server: FastMCP[LifespanResultT], message_path: str, sse_path: str, auth: AuthProvider | None = None, debug: bool = False, routes: list[BaseRoute] | None = None, middleware: list[Middleware] | None = None) -> StarletteWithLifespan
+```
+
+
+Return an instance of the SSE server app.
+
+**Args:**
+- `server`: The FastMCP server instance
+- `message_path`: Path for SSE messages
+- `sse_path`: Path for SSE connections
+- `auth`: Optional authentication provider (AuthProvider)
+- `debug`: Whether to enable debug mode
+- `routes`: Optional list of custom routes
+- `middleware`: Optional list of middleware
+
+Returns:
+    A Starlette application with RequestContextMiddleware
+
+
+### `create_streamable_http_app` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L545" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+create_streamable_http_app(server: FastMCP[LifespanResultT], streamable_http_path: str, event_store: EventStore | None = None, retry_interval: int | None = None, auth: AuthProvider | None = None, json_response: bool = False, stateless_http: bool = False, debug: bool = False, routes: list[BaseRoute] | None = None, middleware: list[Middleware] | None = None, host_origin_protection: HostOriginProtection = False, allowed_hosts: Sequence[str] | None = None, allowed_origins: Sequence[str] | None = None, session_idle_timeout: float | None = None) -> StarletteWithLifespan
+```
+
+
+Return an instance of the StreamableHTTP server app.
+
+**Args:**
+- `server`: The FastMCP server instance
+- `streamable_http_path`: Path for StreamableHTTP connections
+- `event_store`: Optional event store for SSE polling/resumability
+- `retry_interval`: Optional retry interval in milliseconds for SSE polling.
+Controls how quickly clients should reconnect after server-initiated
+disconnections. Requires event_store to be set. Defaults to SDK default.
+- `auth`: Optional authentication provider (AuthProvider)
+- `json_response`: Whether to use JSON response format
+- `stateless_http`: Whether to use stateless mode (new transport per request)
+- `debug`: Whether to enable debug mode
+- `routes`: Optional list of custom routes
+- `middleware`: Optional list of middleware
+- `host_origin_protection`: Whether to validate Host and Origin headers
+before requests reach the MCP endpoint. Defaults to False for
+compatibility. "auto" protects localhost-bound servers and explicit
+host/origin allowlists.
+- `allowed_hosts`: Additional hostnames that may appear in the Host header.
+- `allowed_origins`: Additional browser origins trusted by the request guard.
+Configure CORS separately when browser JavaScript must read
+cross-origin responses.
+- `session_idle_timeout`: Maximum time in seconds a session may remain idle
+before it is terminated. The deadline is pushed forward on every
+request. When None, sessions never expire from inactivity. Not
+supported in stateless mode.
+
+**Returns:**
+- A Starlette application with StreamableHTTP support
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `FastMCPStreamableHTTPSessionManager` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L43" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Session manager that scopes resumability storage per transport session.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `event_store` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L68" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+event_store(self) -> EventStore | None
+```
+
+#### `event_store` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L76" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+event_store(self, event_store: EventStore | None) -> None
+```
+
+### `StreamableHTTPASGIApp` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L80" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+ASGI application wrapper for Streamable HTTP server transport.
+
+
+### `HostOriginGuardMiddleware` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L227" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Validate Host and Origin headers before requests reach MCP sessions.
+
+
+### `StarletteWithLifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L348" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `lifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L350" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+lifespan(self) -> Lifespan[Starlette]
+```
+
+### `RequestContextMiddleware` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/http.py#L363" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Middleware that stores each request in a ContextVar and sets transport type.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-lifespan.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+---
+title: lifespan
+sidebarTitle: lifespan
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.lifespan`
+
+
+Composable lifespans for FastMCP servers.
+
+This module provides a `@lifespan` decorator for creating composable server lifespans
+that can be combined using the `|` operator.
+
+Example:
+    ```python
+    from fastmcp import FastMCP
+    from fastmcp.server.lifespan import lifespan
+
+    @lifespan
+    async def db_lifespan(server):
+        conn = await connect_db()
+        yield {"db": conn}
+        await conn.close()
+
+    @lifespan
+    async def cache_lifespan(server):
+        cache = await connect_cache()
+        yield {"cache": cache}
+        await cache.close()
+
+    mcp = FastMCP("server", lifespan=db_lifespan | cache_lifespan)
+    ```
+
+To compose with existing `@asynccontextmanager` lifespans, wrap them explicitly:
+
+    ```python
+    from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+    from fastmcp.server.lifespan import lifespan, ContextManagerLifespan
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def legacy_lifespan(server):
+        yield {"legacy": True}
+
+    @lifespan
+    async def new_lifespan(server):
+        yield {"new": True}
+
+    # Wrap the legacy lifespan explicitly
+    combined = ContextManagerLifespan(legacy_lifespan) | new_lifespan
+    ```
+
+
+## Functions
+
+### `lifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/lifespan.py#L172" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+lifespan(fn: LifespanFn) -> Lifespan
+```
+
+
+Decorator to create a composable lifespan.
+
+Use this decorator on an async generator function to make it composable
+with other lifespans using the `|` operator.
+
+**Args:**
+- `fn`: An async generator function that takes a FastMCP server and yields
+a dict for the lifespan context.
+
+**Returns:**
+- A composable Lifespan wrapper.
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `Lifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/lifespan.py#L61" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Composable lifespan wrapper.
+
+Wraps an async generator function and enables composition via the `|` operator.
+The wrapped function should yield a dict that becomes part of the lifespan context.
+
+
+### `ContextManagerLifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/lifespan.py#L110" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Lifespan wrapper for already-wrapped context manager functions.
+
+Use this for functions already decorated with @asynccontextmanager.
+
+
+### `ComposedLifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/lifespan.py#L137" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Two lifespans composed together.
+
+Enters the left lifespan first, then the right. Exits in reverse order.
+Results are shallow-merged into a single dict.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-low_level.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+---
+title: low_level
+sidebarTitle: low_level
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.low_level`
+
+## Functions
+
+### `client_supports_extension` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py#L111" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+client_supports_extension(session: ServerSession, extension_id: str) -> bool
+```
+
+
+Check whether the connected client supports a given MCP extension.
+
+Inspects the ``extensions`` capability on ``ClientCapabilities`` sent by the
+client during initialization. In v2 the client's initialize params are
+reachable via ``session.client_params``.
+
+SDK v2 declares ``extensions`` as a real field on ``ClientCapabilities``, so
+a client sending ``ClientCapabilities(extensions={...})`` populates the field
+directly. We read that field first and fall back to ``model_extra`` only for
+legacy-serialized clients that carried ``extensions`` as an extra key.
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `FastMCPServerMiddleware` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py#L140" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Root dispatch for the FastMCP middleware chain, in the SDK's middleware layer.
+
+v2 no longer lets FastMCP subclass ``ServerSession`` (the runner constructs
+it per request), so the old ``MiddlewareServerSession._received_request``
+override is replaced by a ``ServerMiddleware`` — an ordinary entry in the
+SDK's own middleware list. Sitting at the root of dispatch, this
+is the single entry point through which *every* inbound message flows —
+requests, notifications, cancellations, ``initialize``, and even malformed or
+unroutable messages the SDK can still hand us. It binds the FastMCP
+request-context ContextVar and re-applies the app-scoped ``SharedContext`` for
+the whole chain, then runs the FastMCP ``Middleware`` chain so
+``on_message`` / ``on_request`` / ``on_notification`` observe the message.
+
+Dispatch shapes:
+
+- Negotiation runs the *whole* FastMCP chain here: ``initialize`` dispatches
+  through ``on_initialize`` and ``server/discover`` through ``on_discover``.
+  Neither has an interior FastMCP handler adapter, and the SDK serializes both
+  results before returning through its middleware seam, so this root adapter
+  restores core results to typed models before FastMCP middleware observes them.
+- The component methods (``tools/call``, ``tools/list``, ``resources/read``,
+  ...) still run their FastMCP chain *interior*, in the handler adapter, where
+  ``on_call_tool`` receives the typed component result and a tool exception
+  propagates through ``on_message``/``on_request`` exactly where the built-in
+  error/logging/timing middleware expect it. The root dispatch does not re-run the
+  chain for these — it only steps in when such a request fails *before* the
+  interior runs (malformed params, routing), so ``on_message`` still observes
+  the failure.
+- Every other message — all notifications (including ``notifications/cancelled``
+  and ``notifications/initialized``), ``ping``, ``logging/setLevel``, and any
+  unroutable/non-component request — has no interior FastMCP dispatch, so the
+  root dispatch runs the ``"outer"`` pass (``on_message`` plus
+  ``on_request``/``on_notification``) here, wrapping the real SDK dispatch.
+  This closes the long-standing gap where these messages were invisible to
+  FastMCP middleware.
+
+
+### `LowLevelServer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py#L455" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `fastmcp` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py#L507" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+fastmcp(self) -> FastMCP
+```
+
+Get the FastMCP instance.
+
+
+#### `create_initialization_options` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py#L514" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+create_initialization_options(self, notification_options: NotificationOptions | None = None, experimental_capabilities: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] | None = None, extensions: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] | None = None) -> InitializationOptions
+```
+
+#### `get_capabilities` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/low_level.py#L529" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_capabilities(self, notification_options: NotificationOptions | None = None, experimental_capabilities: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] | None = None, extensions: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] | None = None) -> mcp_types.ServerCapabilities
+```
+
+Override to advertise registered extensions and the MCP Apps UI extension.
+
+``ServerCapabilities.extensions`` is a real declared field in v2, so we
+update it directly. The
+`FastMCP(experimental_capabilities=...)` merge also lives here rather
+than in `create_initialization_options`: the modern `server/discover`
+handler calls this directly, without going through
+`create_initialization_options` at all, so merging there only reached
+the handshake-era `initialize` response and silently dropped
+constructor-configured experimental capabilities from `discover`.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-mixins.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+title: mixins
+sidebarTitle: mixins
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.mixins`
+
+
+Server mixins for FastMCP.

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-providers.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+title: providers
+sidebarTitle: providers
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.providers`
+
+
+Providers for dynamic MCP components.
+
+This module provides the `Provider` abstraction for providing tools,
+resources, and prompts dynamically at runtime.
+
+Example:
+    ```python
+    from fastmcp import FastMCP
+    from fastmcp.server.providers import Provider
+    from fastmcp.tools import Tool
+
+    class DatabaseProvider(Provider):
+        def __init__(self, db_url: str):
+            self.db = Database(db_url)
+
+        async def _list_tools(self) -> list[Tool]:
+            rows = await self.db.fetch("SELECT * FROM tools")
+            return [self._make_tool(row) for row in rows]
+
+        async def _get_tool(self, name: str) -> Tool | None:
+            row = await self.db.fetchone("SELECT * FROM tools WHERE name = ?", name)
+            return self._make_tool(row) if row else None
+
+    mcp = FastMCP("Server", providers=[DatabaseProvider(db_url)])
+    ```
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-server.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,891 @@
+---
+title: server
+sidebarTitle: server
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.server`
+
+
+FastMCP - A more ergonomic interface for MCP servers.
+
+## Functions
+
+### `default_lifespan` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L237" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+default_lifespan(server: FastMCP[LifespanResultT]) -> AsyncIterator[Any]
+```
+
+
+Default lifespan context manager that does nothing.
+
+**Args:**
+- `server`: The server instance this lifespan is managing
+
+**Returns:**
+- An empty dictionary as the lifespan result.
+
+
+### `create_proxy` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2501" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+create_proxy(target: Client[ClientTransportT] | ClientTransport | FastMCP[Any] | SDKServer | AnyUrl | Path | MCPConfig | dict[str, Any] | str, **settings: Any) -> FastMCPProxy
+```
+
+
+Create a FastMCP proxy server for the given target.
+
+This is the recommended way to create a proxy server. For lower-level control,
+use `FastMCPProxy` or `ProxyProvider` directly from `fastmcp.server.providers.proxy`.
+
+**Args:**
+- `target`: The backend to proxy to. Can be\:
+- A Client instance (connected or disconnected)
+- A ClientTransport
+- A FastMCP server instance
+- A URL string or AnyUrl
+- A Path to a server script
+- An MCPConfig or dict
+- `mode`: Protocol-era negotiation for auto-created proxy clients (a
+non-Client target). By default (``None``) the backend MIRRORS the
+front connection's negotiated era per request, so the whole chain
+speaks one era end-to-end\: a modern front reaches a modern backend
+(a guard tool's `InputRequiredResult` (SEP-2322) round-trips) and a
+handshake front reaches a handshake backend (server-initiated
+sampling / elicitation / roots push-forwarding works). Pass an
+explicit mode (e.g. ``"auto"`` or a version string) to pin the
+backend era regardless of the front; this overrides mirroring and is
+appropriate when the backend only speaks one era. Ignored when
+`target` is already a `Client` (which carries its own mode).
+- `**settings`: Additional settings passed to FastMCPProxy (name, etc.)
+
+**Returns:**
+- A FastMCPProxy server that proxies to the target.
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `StateValue` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L272" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Wrapper for stored context state values.
+
+
+### `FastMCP` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L278" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `name` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L507" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+name(self) -> str
+```
+
+#### `instructions` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L511" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+instructions(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+#### `instructions` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L515" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+instructions(self, value: str | None) -> None
+```
+
+#### `version` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L519" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+version(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+#### `website_url` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L523" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+website_url(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+#### `icons` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L527" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+icons(self) -> list[mcp_types.Icon]
+```
+
+#### `local_provider` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L534" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+local_provider(self) -> LocalProvider
+```
+
+The server's local provider, which stores directly-registered components.
+
+Use this to remove components:
+
+    mcp.local_provider.remove_tool("my_tool")
+    mcp.local_provider.remove_resource("data://info")
+    mcp.local_provider.remove_prompt("my_prompt")
+
+
+#### `add_middleware` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L598" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_middleware(self, middleware: Middleware) -> None
+```
+
+#### `add_extension` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L601" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_extension(self, extension: ServerExtension) -> None
+```
+
+Register a server extension (SEP-2133).
+
+An extension contributes a negotiated capability, additive request
+methods, a `tools/call` interceptor, and an optional lifespan — each
+with access to FastMCP-level constructs (the component registry,
+`Context`, auth scope). Its capability is advertised only while it is
+registered.
+
+The extension is bound to this server (so its handlers and interceptor
+can reach it), its method bindings are wired onto the low-level server,
+and it is recorded for capability advertisement, interception, and
+lifespan entry. Registering two extensions with the same identifier is
+an error, as is registering after the server's lifespan has started —
+the extension's lifespan could no longer run, leaving it silently
+half-active.
+
+Extensions are served by the server they are registered on. A mounted
+child's extensions do not propagate to the root: the root serves the
+wire, so only root-registered extensions advertise capabilities and
+answer methods (matching the lifespan, which also defers to the root).
+Register extensions on the server you run.
+
+
+#### `add_provider` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L673" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_provider(self, provider: Provider) -> None
+```
+
+Add a provider for dynamic tools, resources, and prompts.
+
+Providers are queried in registration order. The first provider to return
+a non-None result wins. Static components (registered via decorators)
+always take precedence over providers.
+
+**Args:**
+- `provider`: A Provider instance that will provide components dynamically.
+- `namespace`: Optional namespace prefix. When set\:
+- Tools become "namespace_toolname"
+- Resources become "protocol\://namespace/path"
+- Prompts become "namespace_promptname"
+
+
+#### `get_tasks` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L785" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_tasks(self) -> Sequence[FastMCPComponent]
+```
+
+Get task-eligible components with all transforms applied.
+
+Overrides AggregateProvider.get_tasks() to apply server-level transforms
+after aggregation. AggregateProvider handles provider-level namespacing.
+
+
+#### `add_transform` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L814" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_transform(self, transform: Transform) -> None
+```
+
+Add a server-level transform.
+
+Server-level transforms are applied after all providers are aggregated.
+They transform tools, resources, and prompts from ALL providers.
+
+**Args:**
+- `transform`: The transform to add.
+
+
+#### `list_tools` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L834" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_tools(self) -> Sequence[Tool]
+```
+
+List all enabled tools from providers.
+
+Overrides Provider.list_tools() to add enabled filtering, auth filtering,
+and middleware execution. Returns all versions (no deduplication).
+Protocol handlers deduplicate for MCP wire format.
+
+
+#### `get_tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L917" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_tool(self, name: str, version: VersionSpec | None = None) -> Tool | None
+```
+
+Get a tool by name, filtering disabled tools.
+
+Overrides Provider.get_tool() to filter disabled tools after all
+transforms (including session-level) have been applied. This ensures
+session transforms can override provider-level disables.
+
+When the highest version is disabled and no explicit version was
+requested, falls back to the next-highest enabled version.
+
+**Args:**
+- `name`: The tool name.
+- `version`: Version filter (None returns highest version).
+
+**Returns:**
+- The tool if found and enabled, None otherwise.
+
+
+#### `list_resources` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L971" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_resources(self) -> Sequence[Resource]
+```
+
+List all enabled resources from providers.
+
+Overrides Provider.list_resources() to add visibility filtering, auth filtering,
+and middleware execution. Returns all versions (no deduplication).
+Protocol handlers deduplicate for MCP wire format.
+
+
+#### `get_resource` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1056" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_resource(self, uri: str, version: VersionSpec | None = None) -> Resource | None
+```
+
+Get a resource by URI, filtering disabled resources.
+
+Overrides Provider.get_resource() to add visibility filtering after all
+transforms (including session-level) have been applied.
+
+When the highest version is disabled and no explicit version was
+requested, falls back to the next-highest enabled version.
+
+**Args:**
+- `uri`: The resource URI.
+- `version`: Version filter (None returns highest version).
+
+**Returns:**
+- The resource if found and enabled, None otherwise.
+
+
+#### `list_resource_templates` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1106" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_resource_templates(self) -> Sequence[ResourceTemplate]
+```
+
+List all enabled resource templates from providers.
+
+Overrides Provider.list_resource_templates() to add visibility filtering,
+auth filtering, and middleware execution. Returns all versions (no deduplication).
+Protocol handlers deduplicate for MCP wire format.
+
+
+#### `get_resource_template` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1188" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_resource_template(self, uri: str, version: VersionSpec | None = None) -> ResourceTemplate | None
+```
+
+Get a resource template by URI, filtering disabled templates.
+
+Overrides Provider.get_resource_template() to add visibility filtering after
+all transforms (including session-level) have been applied.
+
+When the highest version is disabled and no explicit version was
+requested, falls back to the next-highest enabled version.
+
+**Args:**
+- `uri`: The template URI.
+- `version`: Version filter (None returns highest version).
+
+**Returns:**
+- The template if found and enabled, None otherwise.
+
+
+#### `list_prompts` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1242" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_prompts(self) -> Sequence[Prompt]
+```
+
+List all enabled prompts from providers.
+
+Overrides Provider.list_prompts() to add visibility filtering, auth filtering,
+and middleware execution. Returns all versions (no deduplication).
+Protocol handlers deduplicate for MCP wire format.
+
+
+#### `get_prompt` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1314" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_prompt(self, name: str, version: VersionSpec | None = None) -> Prompt | None
+```
+
+Get a prompt by name, filtering disabled prompts.
+
+Overrides Provider.get_prompt() to add visibility filtering after all
+transforms (including session-level) have been applied.
+
+When the highest version is disabled and no explicit version was
+requested, falls back to the next-highest enabled version.
+
+**Args:**
+- `name`: The prompt name.
+- `version`: Version filter (None returns highest version).
+
+**Returns:**
+- The prompt if found and enabled, None otherwise.
+
+
+#### `call_tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1364" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+call_tool(self, name: str, arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> ToolResult
+```
+
+Call a tool by name.
+
+This is the public API for executing tools. By default, middleware is applied.
+
+**Args:**
+- `name`: The tool name
+- `arguments`: Tool arguments (optional)
+- `version`: Specific version to call. If None, calls highest version.
+- `run_middleware`: If True (default), apply the middleware chain.
+Set to False when called from middleware to avoid re-applying.
+
+**Returns:**
+- ToolResult.
+
+A guard tool that requests client input (SEP-2322 multi-round-trip)
+returns an ``InputRequiredToolResult`` (a ``ToolResult`` subclass); it
+flows back through the middleware chain as an ordinary result and the
+wire handler unwraps it into an ``InputRequiredResult`` on the response.
+
+**Raises:**
+- `NotFoundError`: If tool not found or disabled
+- `ToolError`: If tool execution fails
+- `ValidationError`: If arguments fail validation
+
+
+#### `read_resource` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1557" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+read_resource(self, uri: str) -> ResourceResult
+```
+
+Read a resource by URI.
+
+This is the public API for reading resources. By default, middleware is applied.
+Checks concrete resources first, then templates.
+
+**Args:**
+- `uri`: The resource URI
+- `version`: Specific version to read. If None, reads highest version.
+- `run_middleware`: If True (default), apply the middleware chain.
+Set to False when called from middleware to avoid re-applying.
+
+**Returns:**
+- ResourceResult.
+
+**Raises:**
+- `NotFoundError`: If resource not found or disabled
+- `ResourceError`: If resource read fails
+
+
+#### `render_prompt` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1715" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+render_prompt(self, name: str, arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> PromptResult
+```
+
+Render a prompt by name.
+
+This is the public API for rendering prompts. By default, middleware is applied.
+Use get_prompt() to retrieve the prompt definition without rendering.
+
+**Args:**
+- `name`: The prompt name
+- `arguments`: Prompt arguments (optional)
+- `version`: Specific version to render. If None, renders highest version.
+- `run_middleware`: If True (default), apply the middleware chain.
+Set to False when called from middleware to avoid re-applying.
+
+**Returns:**
+- PromptResult.
+
+**Raises:**
+- `NotFoundError`: If prompt not found or disabled
+- `PromptError`: If prompt rendering fails
+
+
+#### `add_tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1795" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_tool(self, tool: Tool | Callable[..., Any]) -> Tool
+```
+
+Add a tool to the server.
+
+The tool function can optionally request a Context object by adding a parameter
+with the Context type annotation. See the @tool decorator for examples.
+
+**Args:**
+- `tool`: The Tool instance or @tool-decorated function to register
+
+**Returns:**
+- The tool instance that was added to the server.
+
+
+#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1810" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+tool(self, name_or_fn: F) -> F
+```
+
+#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1831" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+tool(self, name_or_fn: str | None = None) -> Callable[[F], F]
+```
+
+#### `tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1851" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+tool(self, name_or_fn: str | AnyFunction | None = None) -> Callable[[AnyFunction], FunctionTool] | FunctionTool | partial[Callable[[AnyFunction], FunctionTool] | FunctionTool]
+```
+
+Decorator to register a tool.
+
+Tools can optionally request a Context object by adding a parameter with the
+Context type annotation. The context provides access to MCP capabilities like
+logging, progress reporting, and resource access.
+
+This decorator supports multiple calling patterns:
+- @server.tool (without parentheses)
+- @server.tool (with empty parentheses)
+- @server.tool("custom_name") (with name as first argument)
+- @server.tool(name="custom_name") (with name as keyword argument)
+- server.tool(function, name="custom_name") (direct function call)
+
+**Args:**
+- `name_or_fn`: Either a function (when used as @tool), a string name, or None
+- `name`: Optional name for the tool (keyword-only, alternative to name_or_fn)
+- `description`: Optional description of what the tool does
+- `tags`: Optional set of tags for categorizing the tool
+- `output_schema`: Optional JSON schema for the tool's output
+- `annotations`: Optional annotations about the tool's behavior
+- `meta`: Optional meta information about the tool
+
+**Examples:**
+
+Register a tool with a custom name:
+```python
+@server.tool
+def my_tool(x: int) -> str:
+    return str(x)
+
+# Register a tool with a custom name
+@server.tool
+def my_tool(x: int) -> str:
+    return str(x)
+
+@server.tool("custom_name")
+def my_tool(x: int) -> str:
+    return str(x)
+
+@server.tool(name="custom_name")
+def my_tool(x: int) -> str:
+    return str(x)
+
+# Direct function call
+server.tool(my_function, name="custom_name")
+```
+
+
+#### `add_resource` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1948" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_resource(self, resource: Resource | Callable[..., Any]) -> Resource | ResourceTemplate
+```
+
+Add a resource to the server.
+
+**Args:**
+- `resource`: A Resource instance or @resource-decorated function to add
+
+**Returns:**
+- The resource instance that was added to the server.
+
+
+#### `add_template` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1961" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_template(self, template: ResourceTemplate) -> ResourceTemplate
+```
+
+Add a resource template to the server.
+
+**Args:**
+- `template`: A ResourceTemplate instance to add
+
+**Returns:**
+- The template instance that was added to the server.
+
+
+#### `resource` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L1972" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+resource(self, uri: str) -> Callable[[F], F]
+```
+
+Decorator to register a function as a resource.
+
+The function will be called when the resource is read to generate its content.
+The function can return:
+- str for text content
+- bytes for binary content
+- other types will be converted to JSON
+
+Resources can optionally request a Context object by adding a parameter with the
+Context type annotation. The context provides access to MCP capabilities like
+logging, progress reporting, and session information.
+
+If the URI contains parameters (e.g. "resource://{param}") or the function
+has parameters, it will be registered as a template resource.
+
+**Args:**
+- `uri`: URI for the resource (e.g. "resource\://my-resource" or "resource\://{param}")
+- `name`: Optional name for the resource
+- `description`: Optional description of the resource
+- `mime_type`: Optional MIME type for the resource
+- `tags`: Optional set of tags for categorizing the resource
+- `annotations`: Optional annotations about the resource's behavior
+- `meta`: Optional meta information about the resource
+
+**Examples:**
+
+Register a resource with a custom name:
+```python
+@server.resource("resource://my-resource")
+def get_data() -> str:
+    return "Hello, world!"
+
+@server.resource("resource://my-resource")
+async get_data() -> str:
+    data = await fetch_data()
+    return f"Hello, world! {data}"
+
+@server.resource("resource://{city}/weather")
+def get_weather(city: str) -> str:
+    return f"Weather for {city}"
+
+@server.resource("resource://{city}/weather")
+async def get_weather_with_context(city: str, ctx: Context) -> str:
+    await ctx.info(f"Fetching weather for {city}")
+    return f"Weather for {city}"
+
+@server.resource("resource://{city}/weather")
+async def get_weather(city: str) -> str:
+    data = await fetch_weather(city)
+    return f"Weather for {city}: {data}"
+```
+
+
+#### `add_prompt` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2091" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_prompt(self, prompt: Prompt | Callable[..., Any]) -> Prompt
+```
+
+Add a prompt to the server.
+
+**Args:**
+- `prompt`: A Prompt instance or @prompt-decorated function to add
+
+**Returns:**
+- The prompt instance that was added to the server.
+
+
+#### `prompt` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2103" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+prompt(self, name_or_fn: F) -> F
+```
+
+#### `prompt` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2118" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+prompt(self, name_or_fn: str | None = None) -> Callable[[F], F]
+```
+
+#### `prompt` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2132" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+prompt(self, name_or_fn: str | AnyFunction | None = None) -> Callable[[AnyFunction], FunctionPrompt] | FunctionPrompt | partial[Callable[[AnyFunction], FunctionPrompt] | FunctionPrompt]
+```
+
+Decorator to register a prompt.
+
+        Prompts can optionally request a Context object by adding a parameter with the
+        Context type annotation. The context provides access to MCP capabilities like
+        logging, progress reporting, and session information.
+
+        This decorator supports multiple calling patterns:
+        - @server.prompt (without parentheses)
+        - @server.prompt() (with empty parentheses)
+        - @server.prompt("custom_name") (with name as first argument)
+        - @server.prompt(name="custom_name") (with name as keyword argument)
+        - server.prompt(function, name="custom_name") (direct function call)
+
+        Args:
+            name_or_fn: Either a function (when used as @prompt), a string name, or None
+            name: Optional name for the prompt (keyword-only, alternative to name_or_fn)
+            description: Optional description of what the prompt does
+            tags: Optional set of tags for categorizing the prompt
+            meta: Optional meta information about the prompt
+
+        Examples:
+
+            ```python
+            @server.prompt
+            def analyze_table(table_name: str) -> list[Message]:
+                schema = read_table_schema(table_name)
+                return [
+                    {
+                        "role": "user",
+                        "content": f"Analyze this schema:
+{schema}"
+                    }
+                ]
+
+            @server.prompt()
+            async def analyze_with_context(table_name: str, ctx: Context) -> list[Message]:
+                await ctx.info(f"Analyzing table {table_name}")
+                schema = read_table_schema(table_name)
+                return [
+                    {
+                        "role": "user",
+                        "content": f"Analyze this schema:
+{schema}"
+                    }
+                ]
+
+            @server.prompt("custom_name")
+            async def analyze_file(path: str) -> list[Message]:
+                content = await read_file(path)
+                return [
+                    {
+                        "role": "user",
+                        "content": {
+                            "type": "resource",
+                            "resource": {
+                                "uri": f"file://{path}",
+                                "text": content
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                ]
+
+            @server.prompt(name="custom_name")
+            def another_prompt(data: str) -> list[Message]:
+                return [{"role": "user", "content": data}]
+
+            # Direct function call
+            server.prompt(my_function, name="custom_name")
+            ```
+
+
+#### `add_completion_handler` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2230" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+add_completion_handler(self, handler: CompletionHandler) -> None
+```
+
+Register the server's argument-completion handler.
+
+A server has a single completion handler that answers every
+`completion/complete` request, switching on the reference (a prompt or
+resource template) and the argument being completed. Registering it also
+registers the low-level `completion/complete` handler, which is what
+makes the SDK declare the completions capability — so the capability is
+advertised exactly when the server can answer. Calling this again
+replaces the handler.
+
+**Args:**
+- `handler`: A callable taking the reference, the
+`CompletionArgument`, and the optional `CompletionContext`, and
+returning candidate values (a `Completion`, a list of strings,
+or None). May be sync or async.
+
+
+#### `completion` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2251" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+completion(self, handler: CompletionHandler) -> CompletionHandler
+```
+
+#### `completion` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2254" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+completion(self) -> Callable[[CompletionHandler], CompletionHandler]
+```
+
+#### `completion` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2258" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+completion(self, handler: CompletionHandler | None = None) -> CompletionHandler | Callable[[CompletionHandler], CompletionHandler]
+```
+
+Decorator to register the server's argument-completion handler.
+
+The handler answers `completion/complete` requests for prompt arguments
+and resource-template parameters. It receives the reference being
+completed, the argument (its name and the partial value typed so far),
+and the context of arguments already supplied, and returns candidate
+values. Return a list of strings, a `Completion` (to include pagination
+hints), or None when the reference/argument is not one it handles — an
+unhandled reference yields an empty completion, not an error.
+
+Registering a handler declares the completions capability; a server with
+none does not advertise it. This works identically on the handshake and
+modern protocol eras.
+
+Supports both `@mcp.completion` and `@mcp.completion()`.
+
+Example:
+
+    ```python
+    from fastmcp import FastMCP
+    from mcp_types import Completion, PromptReference
+
+    mcp = FastMCP("Completion Server")
+
+    @mcp.prompt
+    def poem(theme: str) -> str:
+        return f"Write a poem about {theme}"
+
+    @mcp.completion
+    def complete(ref, argument, context):
+        if isinstance(ref, PromptReference) and ref.name == "poem":
+            if argument.name == "theme":
+                options = ["nature", "love", "adventure"]
+                return [o for o in options if o.startswith(argument.value)]
+        return None
+    ```
+
+
+#### `mount` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2308" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+mount(self, server: FastMCP[LifespanResultT], namespace: str | None = None, tool_names: dict[str, str] | None = None) -> None
+```
+
+Mount another FastMCP server on this server with an optional namespace.
+
+Mounting establishes a dynamic connection between servers. When a client
+interacts with a mounted server's objects through the parent server, requests
+are forwarded to the mounted server in real-time. This means changes to the
+mounted server are immediately reflected when accessed through the parent.
+
+When a server is mounted with a namespace:
+- Tools from the mounted server are accessible with namespaced names.
+  Example: If server has a tool named "get_weather", it will be available as "namespace_get_weather".
+- Resources are accessible with namespaced URIs.
+  Example: If server has a resource with URI "weather://forecast", it will be available as
+  "weather://namespace/forecast".
+- Templates are accessible with namespaced URI templates.
+  Example: If server has a template with URI "weather://location/{id}", it will be available
+  as "weather://namespace/location/{id}".
+- Prompts are accessible with namespaced names.
+  Example: If server has a prompt named "weather_prompt", it will be available as
+  "namespace_weather_prompt".
+
+When a server is mounted without a namespace (namespace=None), its tools, resources, templates,
+and prompts are accessible with their original names. Multiple servers can be mounted
+without namespaces, and they will be tried in order until a match is found.
+
+The mounted server's lifespan is executed when the parent server starts, and its
+middleware chain is invoked for all operations (tool calls, resource reads, prompts).
+
+**Args:**
+- `server`: The FastMCP server to mount.
+- `namespace`: Optional namespace to use for the mounted server's objects. If None,
+the server's objects are accessible with their original names.
+- `tool_names`: Optional mapping of original tool names to custom names. Use this
+to override namespaced names. Keys are the original tool names from the
+mounted server.
+
+
+#### `from_openapi` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2379" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+from_openapi(cls, openapi_spec: dict[str, Any], client: httpx2.AsyncClient | None = None, name: str = 'OpenAPI Server', route_maps: list[RouteMap] | None = None, route_map_fn: OpenAPIRouteMapFn | None = None, mcp_component_fn: OpenAPIComponentFn | None = None, mcp_names: dict[str, str] | None = None, tags: set[str] | None = None, validate_output: bool = True, **settings: Any) -> Self
+```
+
+Create a FastMCP server from an OpenAPI specification.
+
+**Args:**
+- `openapi_spec`: OpenAPI schema as a dictionary
+- `client`: Optional httpx2 AsyncClient for making HTTP requests.
+If not provided, a default client is created using the first
+server URL from the OpenAPI spec with a 30-second timeout.
+Legacy httpx clients are temporarily accepted with a deprecation
+warning.
+- `name`: Name for the MCP server
+- `route_maps`: Optional list of RouteMap objects defining route mappings
+- `route_map_fn`: Optional callable for advanced route type mapping
+- `mcp_component_fn`: Optional callable for component customization
+- `mcp_names`: Optional dictionary mapping operationId to component names
+- `tags`: Optional set of tags to add to all components
+- `validate_output`: If True (default), tools use the output schema
+extracted from the OpenAPI spec for response validation. If
+False, a permissive schema is used instead, allowing any
+response structure while still returning structured JSON.
+- `**settings`: Additional settings passed to FastMCP
+
+**Returns:**
+- A FastMCP server with an OpenAPIProvider attached.
+
+
+#### `from_fastapi` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2432" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+from_fastapi(cls, app: Any, name: str | None = None, route_maps: list[RouteMap] | None = None, route_map_fn: OpenAPIRouteMapFn | None = None, mcp_component_fn: OpenAPIComponentFn | None = None, mcp_names: dict[str, str] | None = None, httpx_client_kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = None, tags: set[str] | None = None, **settings: Any) -> Self
+```
+
+Create a FastMCP server from a FastAPI application.
+
+**Args:**
+- `app`: FastAPI application instance
+- `name`: Name for the MCP server (defaults to app.title)
+- `route_maps`: Optional list of RouteMap objects defining route mappings
+- `route_map_fn`: Optional callable for advanced route type mapping
+- `mcp_component_fn`: Optional callable for component customization
+- `mcp_names`: Optional dictionary mapping operationId to component names
+- `httpx_client_kwargs`: Optional kwargs passed to httpx2.AsyncClient.
+Use this to configure timeout and other client settings.
+- `tags`: Optional set of tags to add to all components
+- `**settings`: Additional settings passed to FastMCP
+
+**Returns:**
+- A FastMCP server with an OpenAPIProvider attached.
+
+
+#### `generate_name` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/server.py#L2487" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+generate_name(cls, name: str | None = None) -> str
+```

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-session_scoped_event_store.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+---
+title: session_scoped_event_store
+sidebarTitle: session_scoped_event_store
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.session_scoped_event_store`
+
+
+Lightweight session scoping for Streamable HTTP event stores.
+
+## Classes
+
+### `SessionScopedEventStore` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/session_scoped_event_store.py#L19" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+EventStore adapter that isolates stream IDs to one transport session.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `store_event` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/session_scoped_event_store.py#L34" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+store_event(self, stream_id: StreamId, message: JSONRPCMessage | None) -> EventId
+```
+
+#### `replay_events_after` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/session_scoped_event_store.py#L41" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+replay_events_after(self, last_event_id: EventId, send_callback: EventCallback) -> StreamId | None
+```

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-sessions.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+---
+title: sessions
+sidebarTitle: sessions
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.sessions`
+
+
+Stateless session state: server-side per-user and per-session storage.
+
+Modern (2026-07-28) MCP connections are stateless by construction — every
+request builds a fresh connection whose in-memory state is discarded when the
+request returns. This module gives tools two explicit ways to keep state across
+calls, both backed by the server's existing state store and both isolated by the
+authenticated principal rather than by any client-declared identifier.
+
+- `Session`: async `get`/`set`/`delete`/`clear` over a single dict stored under
+  one key, scoped to a `(principal, session_id)` pair. This is the state-accessor
+  object a handler works with — the value the standalone `get_session(id)`
+  returns and the value injected for a `UserSession` parameter.
+- `session: UserSession` (injected): a per-user bucket, dependency-injected like
+  `ctx: Context` and keyed by the request's authenticated principal. Requires
+  auth. `UserSession` is the injection annotation; the injected value is a
+  `Session`. It is always available under auth — no `create_session`, no
+  provider, no validation.
+- `session_id: SessionId` (argument): a required string the agent supplies,
+  resolved with the standalone `await get_session(session_id)`. The id is
+  minted
+  by `create_session`; an id that was never created (or was created under a
+  different principal) is rejected. This validation is the whole guarantee — an
+  unminted id never resolves, so nothing enforces provider registration.
+- `SessionProvider`: a `Provider` contributing `create_session` / `end_session`
+  tools. Register it with `mcp.add_provider(SessionProvider())` so a tool that
+  takes `session_id` has a way to mint ids; without it, no id can be created, so
+  those tools simply cannot resolve a session.
+
+Isolation is the authenticated principal, not the session id. State keyed by
+`(principal, session_id)` means a request under principal B can never address
+principal A's keys, no matter what `session_id` it passes; the id only organizes
+sessions within a principal. Without auth there is no principal wall — a session
+id is a bearer capability and sessions are not a boundary between clients.
+
+
+## Functions
+
+### `current_principal` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L139" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+current_principal() -> str | None
+```
+
+
+The authenticated principal for the current request as a compact JSON string.
+
+Returns the `(client_id, issuer, subject)` triple encoded as compact JSON, or
+`None` on an unauthenticated request. Two users of one OAuth client are
+distinct principals whenever the token verifier supplies a subject.
+
+
+### `session_storage_key` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L164" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+session_storage_key(principal: str | None, session_id: str) -> str
+```
+
+
+The single storage key holding a session's state dict.
+
+Keyed by `(principal, session_id)`: the principal is the isolation wall, the
+id organizes sessions within it. A session's whole state lives under this one
+key as a dict, so one key means one store TTL per session and `end` is a
+single delete.
+
+
+### `session_id_parameter_names` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L343" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+session_id_parameter_names(fn: Callable[..., object]) -> tuple[str, ...]
+```
+
+
+Names of a function's parameters annotated with `SessionId`.
+
+Scans resolved type hints for `Annotated[str, _SessionIdMarker()]` metadata.
+Returns an empty tuple when the hints cannot be resolved (the function then
+simply carries no auto-populated session-id description).
+
+`functools.partial` is unwrapped first, since `get_type_hints` rejects a
+partial object — FastMCP supports registering a partial as a tool, and its
+schema is still built from the underlying function, so its `SessionId`
+parameters must be detected here too. Parameters the partial has already
+bound — positionally or by keyword — are dropped, matching the tool's actual
+argument surface (the partial's own signature already reflects this).
+
+
+### `CurrentSession` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L449" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+CurrentSession() -> Session
+```
+
+
+Inject the per-user `Session` for the current authenticated principal.
+
+Rarely written explicitly — a `session: UserSession` parameter is rewritten
+to this. Provided for parity with `CurrentContext()` when an explicit default
+is preferred.
+
+
+### `OptionalCurrentSession` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L459" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+OptionalCurrentSession() -> Session | None
+```
+
+
+Inject the per-user `Session`, or `None` when the request is unauthenticated.
+
+Rarely written explicitly — a `session: UserSession | None = None` parameter
+is rewritten to this. Provided for parity with `OptionalCurrentContext()`.
+
+
+### `create_session` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L468" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+create_session() -> str
+```
+
+
+Create a new session and return its identifier.
+
+Mints an unguessable `uuid4`, records an initial session owned by the current
+principal, and returns the id as a string. Store it and pass it back as a
+`session_id` argument on later calls to persist state across a session — only
+an id created this way resolves. State is keyed by the authenticated
+principal, so the id organizes sessions within a user; on an unauthenticated
+connection the id is the only thing standing between callers, which is why it
+is unguessable.
+
+
+### `end_session` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L490" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+end_session(session_id: SessionId) -> str
+```
+
+
+End a session and delete all of its state.
+
+Validates the id like any other resolution (an unknown or foreign id is
+rejected), then deletes the session's key so the id no longer resolves.
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `SessionAuthError` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L106" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+An injected `session: UserSession` was requested with no authenticated principal.
+
+Per-user session injection keys off the request's authenticated principal, so
+it is only meaningful under auth. A tool that needs cross-call state without
+auth should take a `session_id: SessionId` argument instead.
+
+
+### `InvalidSession` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L125" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+A session id did not resolve to a session created under the current principal.
+
+Raised by `get_session(session_id)` when the id was never created, or was
+created under a different principal. The public message is deliberately
+generic — the specific reason (which id, which principal) is logged at debug
+level, not returned to the caller, so an attacker cannot distinguish "unknown
+id" from "belongs to someone else".
+
+
+### `Session` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L175" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Async accessors over one `(principal, session_id)` bucket of state.
+
+A session's state is a single dict stored under one key. That dict holds user
+state in a `state` sub-dict and a small creation marker alongside it, so a
+created-but-empty session is still distinguishable from a missing one.
+`get`/`set`/`delete` read-modify-write the sub-dict; `clear` empties the
+sub-dict but keeps the session valid; `end` deletes the whole key. Writes
+never impose a TTL — retention is entirely the server store's (configure it on
+the store you pass to `FastMCP(session_state_store=...)`).
+
+Concurrent writes to one session race on the read-modify-write; session state
+is small and typically driven serially by one agent, so this is acceptable.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `id` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L205" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+id(self) -> str | None
+```
+
+The session's identifier, or `None` for an injected per-user session.
+
+For a session resolved from a `session_id` argument (or minted by
+`create_session`) this is that id. An injected `UserSession` has no
+distinct id — its bucket is the authenticated user — so it is `None`; the
+internal principal-derived key is deliberately not exposed here.
+
+
+#### `get` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L254" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get(self, key: str, default: Any = None) -> Any
+```
+
+Return the value for `key`, or `default` when it is not set.
+
+
+#### `set` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L259" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+set(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None
+```
+
+Store `value` under `key` in this session (read-modify-write).
+
+Preserves the creation marker: only the user-state sub-dict is touched.
+
+
+#### `delete` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L270" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+delete(self, key: str) -> None
+```
+
+Remove `key` from this session, if present (preserves the marker).
+
+
+#### `clear` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L281" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+clear(self) -> None
+```
+
+Empty the session's user state but keep the session valid.
+
+The user-state sub-dict is reset to empty while the creation marker stays
+in place, so a cleared session still resolves through `get_session`.
+To invalidate a session entirely, use `end` (what `end_session` calls).
+
+
+#### `end` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L294" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+end(self) -> None
+```
+
+Invalidate the session — delete its one key and all of its state.
+
+After this the id no longer resolves through `get_session`. This is
+what `end_session` calls; `clear` only empties state and keeps the session.
+
+
+### `UserSession` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L303" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Annotation marker for the injected per-user session.
+
+A `session: UserSession` parameter is **dependency-injected** like
+`ctx: Context`: keyed by the request's authenticated principal, excluded from
+the input schema, and requiring auth (it raises `SessionAuthError` with no
+principal). It doubles as the injection *annotation* and the injected
+type — the value a handler receives is a `UserSession`, which subclasses
+`Session`, so `await session.get(...)`, `.set`, `.delete`, and `.clear` all
+work exactly as on any other `Session`.
+
+Unlike `session_id: SessionId`, the per-user bucket needs no `create_session`,
+no `SessionProvider`, and no validation — it is always available under auth,
+keyed directly by the caller's identity.
+
+```python
+from fastmcp.server.sessions import UserSession
+
+@mcp.tool
+async def remember(fact: str, session: UserSession) -> str:
+    await session.set("fact", fact)
+    return "noted"
+```
+
+Subclasses `Session` only so the framework's type-based injection detector can
+key off it; it adds no behavior of its own.
+
+
+### `SessionProvider` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/sessions.py#L501" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Provider contributing the session lifecycle tools.
+
+Register it whenever a tool declares a `session_id: SessionId` argument:
+
+```python
+from fastmcp.server.sessions import SessionProvider
+
+mcp.add_provider(SessionProvider())
+```
+
+It registers two tools:
+
+- `create_session()` mints an unguessable `uuid4`, records the session, and
+  returns the id.
+- `end_session(session_id)` invalidates that session and deletes its state.
+
+It owns no storage (session state lives in the server's configured
+`session_state_store`) and imposes no TTL (retention is the store's). It
+exists to mint and end owned session ids. Registration is not enforced: with
+no provider, no id can be created, so every `get_session(...)` rejects —
+a `session_id` tool without a provider simply cannot resolve a session.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-telemetry.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+---
+title: telemetry
+sidebarTitle: telemetry
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.telemetry`
+
+
+Server-side telemetry helpers.
+
+## Functions
+
+### `get_auth_span_attributes` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py#L43" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_auth_span_attributes() -> dict[str, str]
+```
+
+
+Get auth attributes for the current request, if authenticated.
+
+
+### `get_session_span_attributes` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py#L60" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_session_span_attributes() -> dict[str, str]
+```
+
+
+Get session attributes for the current request.
+
+
+### `get_protocol_span_attributes` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py#L74" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_protocol_span_attributes() -> dict[str, str]
+```
+
+
+Get the negotiated MCP protocol version for the current request.
+
+Mirrors the `mcp.protocol.version` attribute the SDK's own
+`OpenTelemetryMiddleware` sets — FastMCP drops that middleware to avoid a
+duplicate SERVER span, so this restores the attribute on FastMCP's span.
+
+
+### `record_span_exception` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py#L154" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+record_span_exception(span: Span, e: Exception) -> None
+```
+
+
+Record an exception and error status on a span.
+
+
+### `seam_span` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py#L164" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+seam_span(method: str, server_name: str) -> Generator[Span, None, None]
+```
+
+
+Open the per-request SERVER span at the FastMCP middleware seam.
+
+The span is named after the method and carries the base MCP attributes
+(`mcp.method.name`, `fastmcp.server.name`, auth/session context) so
+seam-only methods (`logging/setLevel`, `tasks/*`, `ping`, `initialize`, ...)
+are fully attributed even though they never reach the high-level path. It is
+marked with `SEAM_SPAN_MARKER` so a later `server_span` call in the
+high-level path enriches this span with component attributes instead of
+opening a second one. Exceptions raised anywhere below the seam — including
+rejections *before* the high-level path (auth, not-found, middleware vetoes)
+that would otherwise produce no SERVER span at all — are recorded here.
+
+In `propagation_only` mode no span is opened at all — this is the one place
+that has to know the difference, because the seam is where the incoming
+`_meta` parent context is applied for the whole request.
+
+
+### `server_span` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py#L224" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+server_span(name: str, method: str, server_name: str, component_type: str, component_key: str, resource_uri: str | None = None, tool_name: str | None = None, prompt_name: str | None = None) -> Generator[Span, None, None]
+```
+
+
+Emit or enrich a SERVER span with standard MCP attributes and auth context.
+
+When the current active span is the request's seam span (opened by
+`FastMCPServerMiddleware` and marked with `SEAM_SPAN_MARKER`), this sets the
+component attributes on that span and yields it *without* starting a second
+span — so failures rejected before this point and the successful high-level
+call share one richly-attributed SERVER span. Otherwise (non-seam contexts,
+e.g. in-process `mcp.call_tool()` calls that bypass the dispatcher) it opens a
+new SERVER span as before.
+
+Automatically records any exception on the span and sets error status.
+
+In `propagation_only` mode no span is opened or enriched. The seam has
+normally already attached the incoming parent context for this request;
+doing it again here is a no-op, and covers the in-process callers that
+bypass the dispatcher and so never reach the seam at all.
+
+
+### `delegate_span` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/telemetry.py#L305" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+delegate_span(name: str, provider_type: str, component_key: str, method: str | None = None) -> Generator[Span, None, None]
+```
+
+
+Create an INTERNAL span for provider delegation.
+
+Used by FastMCPProvider when delegating to mounted servers.
+Automatically records any exception on the span and sets error status.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-server-transforms.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+---
+title: transforms
+sidebarTitle: transforms
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.server.transforms`
+
+
+Transform system for component transformations.
+
+Transforms modify components (tools, resources, prompts). List operations use a pure
+function pattern where transforms receive sequences and return transformed sequences.
+Get operations use a middleware pattern with `call_next` to chain lookups.
+
+Unlike middleware (which operates on requests), transforms are observable by the
+system for task registration, tag filtering, and component introspection.
+
+Example:
+    ```python
+    from fastmcp import FastMCP
+    from fastmcp.server.transforms import Namespace
+
+    server = FastMCP("Server")
+    mount = server.mount(other_server)
+    mount.add_transform(Namespace("api"))  # Tools become api_toolname
+    ```
+
+
+## Classes
+
+### `GetToolNext` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L36" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Protocol for get_tool call_next functions.
+
+
+### `GetResourceNext` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L44" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Protocol for get_resource call_next functions.
+
+
+### `GetResourceTemplateNext` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L52" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Protocol for get_resource_template call_next functions.
+
+
+### `GetPromptNext` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L60" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Protocol for get_prompt call_next functions.
+
+
+### `Transform` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L68" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+
+Base class for component transformations.
+
+List operations use a pure function pattern: transforms receive sequences
+and return transformed sequences. Get operations use a middleware pattern
+with `call_next` to chain lookups.
+
+
+**Methods:**
+
+#### `list_tools` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L95" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_tools(self, tools: Sequence[Tool]) -> Sequence[Tool]
+```
+
+List tools with transformation applied.
+
+**Args:**
+- `tools`: Sequence of tools to transform.
+
+**Returns:**
+- Transformed sequence of tools.
+
+
+#### `get_tool` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L106" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_tool(self, name: str, call_next: GetToolNext) -> Tool | None
+```
+
+Get a tool by name.
+
+**Args:**
+- `name`: The requested tool name (may be transformed).
+- `call_next`: Callable to get tool from downstream.
+- `version`: Optional version filter to apply.
+
+**Returns:**
+- The tool if found, None otherwise.
+
+
+#### `list_resources` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L125" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_resources(self, resources: Sequence[Resource]) -> Sequence[Resource]
+```
+
+List resources with transformation applied.
+
+**Args:**
+- `resources`: Sequence of resources to transform.
+
+**Returns:**
+- Transformed sequence of resources.
+
+
+#### `get_resource` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L136" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_resource(self, uri: str, call_next: GetResourceNext) -> Resource | None
+```
+
+Get a resource by URI.
+
+**Args:**
+- `uri`: The requested resource URI (may be transformed).
+- `call_next`: Callable to get resource from downstream.
+- `version`: Optional version filter to apply.
+
+**Returns:**
+- The resource if found, None otherwise.
+
+
+#### `list_resource_templates` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L159" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_resource_templates(self, templates: Sequence[ResourceTemplate]) -> Sequence[ResourceTemplate]
+```
+
+List resource templates with transformation applied.
+
+**Args:**
+- `templates`: Sequence of resource templates to transform.
+
+**Returns:**
+- Transformed sequence of resource templates.
+
+
+#### `get_resource_template` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L172" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_resource_template(self, uri: str, call_next: GetResourceTemplateNext) -> ResourceTemplate | None
+```
+
+Get a resource template by URI.
+
+**Args:**
+- `uri`: The requested template URI (may be transformed).
+- `call_next`: Callable to get template from downstream.
+- `version`: Optional version filter to apply.
+
+**Returns:**
+- The resource template if found, None otherwise.
+
+
+#### `list_prompts` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L195" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+list_prompts(self, prompts: Sequence[Prompt]) -> Sequence[Prompt]
+```
+
+List prompts with transformation applied.
+
+**Args:**
+- `prompts`: Sequence of prompts to transform.
+
+**Returns:**
+- Transformed sequence of prompts.
+
+
+#### `get_prompt` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/server/transforms/__init__.py#L206" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_prompt(self, name: str, call_next: GetPromptNext) -> Prompt | None
+```
+
+Get a prompt by name.
+
+**Args:**
+- `name`: The requested prompt name (may be transformed).
+- `call_next`: Callable to get prompt from downstream.
+- `version`: Optional version filter to apply.
+
+**Returns:**
+- The prompt if found, None otherwise.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-settings.mdx

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ sidebarTitle: settings
 
 ## Classes
 
-### `Settings` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py#L32" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `Settings` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py#L34" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 FastMCP settings.
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ FastMCP settings.
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `get_setting` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py#L44" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `get_setting` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py#L46" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 get_setting(self, attr: str) -> Any
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Get a setting. If the setting contains one or more `__`, it will be
 treated as a nested setting.
 
 
-#### `set_setting` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py#L57" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `set_setting` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py#L59" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 set_setting(self, attr: str, value: Any) -> None
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Set a setting. If the setting contains one or more `__`, it will be
 treated as a nested setting.
 
 
-#### `normalize_log_level` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py#L79" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `normalize_log_level` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/settings.py#L81" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 normalize_log_level(cls, v)

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-telemetry.mdx

@@ -31,7 +31,52 @@ Example usage with SDK:
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `get_tracer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L81" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `telemetry_mode` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L86" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+telemetry_mode() -> 'TelemetryMode'
+```
+
+
+Resolve the effective telemetry mode for the current context.
+
+This is `fastmcp.settings.telemetry_mode`, except that an active
+`suppress_fastmcp_telemetry()` block downgrades `native` to
+`propagation_only`. Suppression never upgrades or overrides `off`: `off`
+means FastMCP touches nothing, and a narrower request to skip FastMCP's
+spans cannot re-enable the context propagation `off` deliberately omits.
+
+
+### `native_spans_enabled` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L103" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+native_spans_enabled() -> bool
+```
+
+
+Whether FastMCP should create its own spans right now.
+
+
+### `suppress_fastmcp_telemetry` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L109" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+suppress_fastmcp_telemetry() -> Iterator[None]
+```
+
+
+Suppress FastMCP's own spans without disabling trace propagation.
+
+Scoped equivalent of `telemetry_mode="propagation_only"`, for callers that
+embed FastMCP inside their own instrumented stack and want to own the MCP
+span hierarchy for a specific block. Narrower than OpenTelemetry's global
+instrumentation suppression: only FastMCP's spans are skipped, so nested
+instrumentation (HTTP clients, databases) keeps emitting, and trace context
+still flows through `_meta` so those spans are parented correctly.
+
+Has no effect when `telemetry_mode` is already `off`.
+
+
+### `get_tracer` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L128" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 get_tracer(version: str | None = None) -> Tracer
@@ -42,21 +87,22 @@ Get the FastMCP tracer for creating spans.
 
 Instrumentation is on by default. FastMCP uses only the OpenTelemetry API,
 so span creation is a no-op with negligible overhead unless an OpenTelemetry
-SDK and exporter are configured. Set `fastmcp.settings.enable_telemetry` to
-False (env `FASTMCP_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=false`) to turn instrumentation off
-entirely, in which case this returns a pass-through tracer that leaves the
-current OTel context untouched even when an SDK is configured.
+SDK and exporter are configured. When `fastmcp.settings.telemetry_mode` is
+`propagation_only` or `off` — or the caller is inside a
+`suppress_fastmcp_telemetry()` block — this returns a pass-through tracer
+that creates no spans and leaves the current OTel context untouched even
+when an SDK is configured.
 
 **Args:**
 - `version`: Optional version string for the instrumentation
 
 **Returns:**
-- A tracer instance. Returns a non-attaching pass-through tracer if
-- telemetry is disabled; span creation is otherwise a no-op unless an SDK
-- is configured.
+- A tracer instance. Returns a non-attaching pass-through tracer when
+- FastMCP's own spans are disabled; span creation is otherwise a no-op
+- unless an SDK is configured.
 
 
-### `inject_trace_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L106" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `inject_trace_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L152" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 inject_trace_context(meta: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> dict[str, Any] | None
@@ -73,7 +119,7 @@ Inject current trace context into a meta dict for MCP request propagation.
 - or None if no trace context to inject and meta was None
 
 
-### `record_span_error` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L132" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `record_span_error` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L183" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 record_span_error(span: Span, exception: BaseException) -> None
@@ -83,7 +129,7 @@ record_span_error(span: Span, exception: BaseException) -> None
 Record an exception on a span and set error status.
 
 
-### `restore_dropped_attributes` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L158" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `restore_dropped_attributes` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L209" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 restore_dropped_attributes(span: Span, attrs: Mapping[str, otel_types.AttributeValue]) -> None
@@ -133,7 +179,7 @@ kept at call sites so it reads alongside the sibling `is_recording()`
 guards already in those functions.
 
 
-### `extract_trace_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L212" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `extract_trace_context` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/telemetry.py#L263" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 extract_trace_context(meta: dict[str, Any] | None) -> Context

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-authorization.mdx

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ deny with a custom message; other exceptions are masked and treated as denial.
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `require_scopes` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L50" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `require_scopes` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L143" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 require_scopes(*scopes: str) -> AuthCheck
@@ -25,7 +25,52 @@ require_scopes(*scopes: str) -> AuthCheck
 Require all of the given OAuth scopes.
 
 
-### `restrict_tag` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L62" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `require_roles` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L148" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+require_roles(*roles: str) -> AuthCheck
+```
+
+
+Require all of the given roles, read from the token's claims.
+
+Roles and groups are not part of OIDC, so every identity provider puts them
+somewhere different: `realm_access.roles` on Keycloak, `roles` on Microsoft
+Entra, `cognito:groups` on AWS Cognito, `permissions` or a namespaced custom
+claim on Auth0. `extract` receives the token's claims and returns the
+caller's roles, which keeps that provider-specific knowledge at the call
+site instead of guessing it here.
+
+```python
+from fastmcp.server.auth import require_roles
+
+keycloak = require_roles("admin", extract=lambda c: c["realm_access"]["roles"])
+cognito = require_roles("admins", extract=lambda c: c["cognito:groups"])
+```
+
+A token missing the claim entirely is denied rather than treated as an
+error, so `extract` may index into the claims without guarding. An
+extractor returning a bare string is treated as one role, since a provider
+that stores a single role as a scalar is common.
+
+Unlike `require_scopes`, this check cannot signal a shortfall: OAuth has no
+way to request a role, so there is no `insufficient_scope` challenge to
+emit. A role denial is therefore reported as a plain `AuthorizationError`,
+and it suppresses any scope shortfall alongside it — a caller blocked by
+their role must not be told to go obtain a scope that would not help.
+Scope shortfalls are still reported normally whenever the role check
+passes.
+
+**Args:**
+- `*roles`: Roles the caller must hold. All are required (AND logic).
+- `extract`: Callable mapping the token's claims to the caller's roles.
+
+**Raises:**
+- `ValueError`: If no roles are given, which would allow any authenticated
+caller and is more likely a mistake than an intent.
+
+
+### `restrict_tag` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L197" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 restrict_tag(tag: str) -> AuthCheck
@@ -35,14 +80,62 @@ restrict_tag(tag: str) -> AuthCheck
 Require scopes when the accessed component has a specific tag.
 
 
-### `run_auth_checks` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L76" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `scope_requirements` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L202" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+scope_requirements(checks: AuthCheck | list[AuthCheck], ctx: AuthContext) -> list[str] | None
+```
+
+
+Scopes a check list requires but the token lacks, without running it.
+
+Returns ``None`` when the list contains any opaque (non-scope) check. Such a
+check might deny for a reason unrelated to scopes, and evaluating it here
+would run authorization logic — with whatever side effects it carries —
+outside its normal place in the chain. Since its verdict is unknown, its
+siblings' scopes must not be disclosed either, so the whole list is withheld.
+
+When every check is scope-aware, the result is their combined shortfall,
+computed purely from the token and component (an empty list means the list is
+already satisfied). This lets a shortfall be aggregated across authorization
+layers without evaluating anything that would otherwise be skipped.
+
+
+### `run_auth_checks_with_shortfall` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L253" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+run_auth_checks_with_shortfall(checks: AuthCheck | list[AuthCheck], ctx: AuthContext) -> tuple[bool, list[str]]
+```
+
+
+Run auth checks with AND logic, classifying the denial cause.
+
+Returns ``(authorized, missing_scopes)``. ``missing_scopes`` names every
+scope the caller must obtain to satisfy *all* scope requirements at once:
+the union of the shortfalls across every scope-aware check, not just the
+first one to fail. Reporting only the first would strand a caller in a
+step-up loop — it obtains that scope, retries, and is denied again for the
+next — so the union is what makes a single re-authorization converge.
+
+The challenge is withheld entirely (an empty list, which the caller surfaces
+as a plain ``AuthorizationError``) unless every non-scope check passes. A
+custom policy denial — a tenant check, say — must never be reported as an
+``insufficient_scope`` shortfall, and must never name the scopes of a
+component the caller could not otherwise reach. To guarantee that, the
+opaque checks are all evaluated before any scope is disclosed; a shortfall
+is only reported once they have all passed.
+
+An ``AuthorizationError`` raised by a check propagates unchanged.
+
+
+### `run_auth_checks` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/authorization.py#L304" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 run_auth_checks(checks: AuthCheck | list[AuthCheck], ctx: AuthContext) -> bool
 ```
 
 
-Run auth checks with AND logic.
+Run auth checks with AND logic, stopping at the first failure.
 
 
 ## Classes

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-docstring_parsing.mdx

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ callers.
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `parse_docstring` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/docstring_parsing.py#L35" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `parse_docstring` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/docstring_parsing.py#L33" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 parse_docstring(fn: Callable[..., Any]) -> ParsedDocstring
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ docstring as the description with no parameter descriptions.
 
 ## Classes
 
-### `ParsedDocstring` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/docstring_parsing.py#L28" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ParsedDocstring` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/docstring_parsing.py#L26" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 The extracted description and per-parameter descriptions from a docstring.

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-exceptions.mdx

@@ -7,13 +7,53 @@ sidebarTitle: exceptions
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `iter_exc` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/exceptions.py#L36" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `is_http_status_error` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/exceptions.py#L19" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_http_status_error(exc: BaseException) -> bool
+```
+
+
+Return whether an exception is an httpx2 or legacy-httpx status error.
+
+
+### `get_http_status_code` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/exceptions.py#L26" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+get_http_status_code(exc: BaseException) -> int | None
+```
+
+
+Return the response status code from a recognized HTTP status error.
+
+
+### `is_timeout_error` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/exceptions.py#L34" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_timeout_error(exc: BaseException) -> bool
+```
+
+
+Return whether an exception is an httpx2 or legacy-httpx timeout.
+
+
+### `is_request_error` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/exceptions.py#L41" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_request_error(exc: BaseException) -> bool
+```
+
+
+Return whether an exception is an httpx2 or legacy-httpx request error.
+
+
+### `iter_exc` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/exceptions.py#L48" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 iter_exc(group: BaseExceptionGroup)
 ```
 
-### `get_catch_handlers` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/exceptions.py#L64" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `get_catch_handlers` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/exceptions.py#L76" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 get_catch_handlers() -> Mapping[type[BaseException] | Iterable[type[BaseException]], Callable[[BaseExceptionGroup[Any]], Any]]

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-inspect.mdx

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Extract information from a FastMCP v1.x instance using a Client.
 - FastMCPInfo dataclass containing the extracted information
 
 
-### `inspect_fastmcp` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L411" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `inspect_fastmcp` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L413" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 inspect_fastmcp(mcp: FastMCP[Any] | SDKServer) -> FastMCPInfo
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ and uses the appropriate extraction method.
 - FastMCPInfo dataclass containing the extracted information
 
 
-### `format_fastmcp_info` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L436" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `format_fastmcp_info` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L438" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 format_fastmcp_info(info: FastMCPInfo) -> bytes
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Format FastMCPInfo as FastMCP-specific JSON.
 This includes FastMCP-specific fields like tags, enabled, annotations, etc.
 
 
-### `format_mcp_info` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L465" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `format_mcp_info` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L467" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 format_mcp_info(mcp: FastMCP[Any] | SDKServer) -> bytes
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Uses Client to get the standard MCP protocol format with camelCase fields.
 Includes version metadata at the top level.
 
 
-### `format_info` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L500" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `format_info` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L502" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 format_info(mcp: FastMCP[Any] | SDKServer, format: InspectFormat | Literal['fastmcp', 'mcp'], info: FastMCPInfo | None = None) -> bytes
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ Information about a resource template.
 Information extracted from a FastMCP instance.
 
 
-### `InspectFormat` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L429" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `InspectFormat` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/inspect.py#L431" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Output format for inspect command.

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-json_schema.mdx

@@ -7,7 +7,17 @@ sidebarTitle: json_schema
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `require_discriminator_property` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L116" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `replace_refs` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L7" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+replace_refs(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any
+```
+
+
+Call jsonref lazily while preserving the module's patchable boundary.
+
+
+### `require_discriminator_property` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L154" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 require_discriminator_property(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]
@@ -24,7 +34,7 @@ model with ``union_tag_not_found``. No-op if there is no string
 ``propertyName``.
 
 
-### `dereference_refs` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L147" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `dereference_refs` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L185" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 dereference_refs(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]
@@ -57,7 +67,7 @@ schemas from untrusted servers.
 - when no longer needed
 
 
-### `resolve_root_ref` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L294" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `resolve_root_ref` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L336" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 resolve_root_ref(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]
@@ -79,7 +89,7 @@ the referenced definition while preserving $defs for nested references.
 - if no resolution is needed
 
 
-### `compress_schema` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L693" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `compress_schema` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/json_schema.py#L750" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 compress_schema(schema: dict[str, Any], prune_params: list[str] | None = None, prune_additional_properties: bool = False, prune_titles: bool = False, dereference: bool = False) -> dict[str, Any]

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-logging.mdx

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Logging utilities for FastMCP.
 
 ## Functions
 
-### `get_logger` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/logging.py#L14" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `get_logger` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/logging.py#L27" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 get_logger(name: str) -> logging.Logger
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Get a logger nested under FastMCP namespace.
 - a configured logger instance
 
 
-### `configure_logging` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/logging.py#L29" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `configure_logging` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/logging.py#L42" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 configure_logging(level: Literal['DEBUG', 'INFO', 'WARNING', 'ERROR', 'CRITICAL'] | int = 'INFO', logger: logging.Logger | None = None, enable_rich_tracebacks: bool | None = None, **rich_kwargs: Any) -> None
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Configure logging for FastMCP.
 - `rich_kwargs`: the parameters to use for creating RichHandler
 
 
-### `temporary_log_level` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/logging.py#L117" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `temporary_log_level` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/logging.py#L127" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 temporary_log_level(level: str | None, logger: logging.Logger | None = None, enable_rich_tracebacks: bool | None = None, **rich_kwargs: Any)

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-prefab.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+title: prefab
+sidebarTitle: prefab
+---
+
+# `fastmcp.utilities.prefab`
+
+
+Lazy helpers for FastMCP's optional Prefab UI integration.
+
+## Functions
+
+### `prefab_available` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/prefab.py#L12" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+prefab_available() -> bool
+```
+
+
+Return whether Prefab UI is installed without importing it.
+
+
+### `is_prefab_type` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/prefab.py#L42" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_prefab_type(candidate: Any) -> bool
+```
+
+
+Return whether a type is a Prefab app or component type.
+
+
+### `is_prefab_app` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/prefab.py#L51" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_prefab_app(value: Any) -> bool
+```
+
+
+Return whether a value is a Prefab app.
+
+
+### `is_prefab_component` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/prefab.py#L60" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+is_prefab_component(value: Any) -> bool
+```
+
+
+Return whether a value is a Prefab component.
+
+
+### `prefab_app_from_component` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/prefab.py#L69" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+
+```python
+prefab_app_from_component(component: Any) -> Any
+```
+
+
+Wrap a Prefab component in a Prefab app.
+

docs/python-sdk/fastmcp-utilities-types.mdx

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ This is used to exclude parameters from type adapter processing when they can't
 The excluded parameters are removed from the function's __annotations__ dictionary.
 
 
-### `replace_type` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L466" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `replace_type` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L469" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 replace_type(type_, type_map: dict[type, type])
@@ -145,13 +145,13 @@ Helper class for returning audio from tools.
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `to_audio_content` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L352" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `to_audio_content` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L355" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 to_audio_content(self, mime_type: str | None = None, annotations: Annotations | None = None) -> mcp_types.AudioContent
 ```
 
-### `File` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L373" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `File` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L376" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 
 Helper class for returning file data from tools.
@@ -159,10 +159,10 @@ Helper class for returning file data from tools.
 
 **Methods:**
 
-#### `to_resource_content` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L412" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+#### `to_resource_content` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L415" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
 
 ```python
 to_resource_content(self, mime_type: str | None = None, annotations: Annotations | None = None) -> mcp_types.EmbeddedResource
 ```
 
-### `ContextSamplingFallbackProtocol` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L502" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>
+### `ContextSamplingFallbackProtocol` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/fastmcp_slim/fastmcp/utilities/types.py#L505" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>