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Daniel Han aab371a068
studio: tighten sandbox blocklist precision (bash, hf upload, NOFILE) (#5487)
* studio: tighten sandbox blocklist precision (bash, hf upload, NOFILE)

Three precision fixes in core/inference/tools.py. Same security
boundary; fewer false positives that broke legitimate sandbox use.

bash blocklist:
The per-token loop introduced in #5375 fired on any blocklist word in
any token position, so the entirely benign `grep -r curl .`,
`echo source the data`, and `ls /usr/bin/curl` were rejected with
"blocked command 'curl'". The position-anchored regex already covers
real command-position invocations, including `;rm`, `&&wget`, `$(rm)`,
`<(rm)`, backticked subshells, and `/usr/bin/sudo`. The token loop is
re-scoped: it only fires when the previous shlex token is a shell
separator (or at start of line), so split-quoting obfuscations like
`r''m -rf /` are still caught (shlex collapses them to a single
command-position token) while argument-position blocklist words pass
through. Trailing meta-chars glued to a shlex token (`rm;`) are
stripped before basename matching.

hf upload AST gate:
`_method_call_is_hf_upload` previously matched any method named
`upload_file` / `upload_folder` / `upload_large_folder` / `create_commit`
on any receiver, so paramiko.SFTPClient.upload_file, boto3.create_commit,
and similar non-HF SDK methods were rejected. The fallback now requires
an `import huggingface_hub` / `import hf_api` / `from huggingface_hub
import ...` somewhere in the same module. Fully-qualified
huggingface_hub.upload_file(...) calls are unchanged.

NOFILE env knob:
`RLIMIT_NOFILE = (1024, 1024)` was the only sandbox rlimit without an
env override. 1024 is below Linux's typical soft default and below
what multi-shard safetensors mmap chains need on Llama-3 70B-class
loads. Default is now 16384 with UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SANDBOX_NOFILE, parity
with the other rlimits.

15 new bash-blocklist-position tests pin both the false-positive
fixes and the still-blocked invariants (semicolon, &&, subshell,
backtick, split-quote, /usr/bin/ prefix, nested bash -c).
4 new hf-upload-import-gate tests pin both the false-positive
allowances and that HF-imported uses are still blocked.
1 new pin asserts the NOFILE env var is wired.

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* studio: cover command wrappers, find -exec, dynamic HF imports, NOFILE clamp

Reviewer follow-ups to the sandbox blocklist precision change.

Command-position scanner missed Bash command-prefix wrappers and inline
shell assignments. shlex tokenised `env curl`, `time curl`, `nohup rm`,
`FOO=bar curl`, `sudo rm`, etc. with the prefix at command position and
the real command at argument position, so the position-anchored check
returned set() while pre-PR's per-token scan caught them. Likewise the
position-anchored regex requires `^` or a shell separator before the
command, so `env curl` slipped through.

Reworked the scanner to track an expect_command flag plus a
prefix_pending flag:
  - assignments (FOO=bar) keep expect_command=True for the next token,
  - flags ('-oL', '--') keep it intact while prefix_pending is set,
  - numeric duration args ('timeout 1 cmd') skip without breaking
    expect_command,
  - known wrappers (env, command, builtin, exec, time, nohup, nice,
    setsid, stdbuf, timeout, ionice, chroot, sudo, doas, su, xargs)
    set prefix_pending so the wrapper's command is still checked,
  - shell separators now include `{`, `}`, `)`, `then`, `do`,
    `else`, `elif` so brace groups and if/then/while/do bodies are
    recognised as command positions.

Also lex with `shlex.shlex(punctuation_chars=";&|()`")` so split-quote
forms like `echo done; r''m -rf /tmp/x` and `echo done;r''m` tokenise
as `[..., ';', 'rm', ...]` and the command position check fires.

Added a small `find -exec CMD ... ;` / `-execdir CMD ... ;` pass so
`find . -exec rm -f {} +` and friends are caught even though the
direct token is at argument position to `find`.

Dynamic Hugging Face imports were treated as no-HF-in-scope. The
upload-method gate now also resolves `__import__('huggingface_hub')`,
`importlib.import_module('huggingface_hub')`, and bare
`import_module('huggingface_hub')` (via `from importlib import
import_module`) as HF imports, so HfApi().upload_file via dynamic
import is still blocked.

RLIMIT_NOFILE: setrlimit(NOFILE, (16384, 16384)) silently failed if
the parent's hard cap is below the requested value; the broad
except swallowed the OSError and left the sandbox at the parent's
default. Clamp the requested value to the inherited hard limit
before calling setrlimit.

Test cleanup: the existing test_cat_with_word_source_allowed had
`assert ... or True` so it could not fail; rewrote it to assert the
actual return value plus the two membership checks. Added
parametrised coverage for shell prefix wrappers, find -exec / xargs,
brace groups, if/then, while/do, split-quote command-name forms, and
dynamic HF import upload patterns.

Test:
  - python -m pytest studio/backend/tests/test_sandbox_tools.py -q
    -> 90 passed (was 67 before this commit)
  - full studio/backend/tests/ minus llama_cpp_load_progress_live and
    GPU CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES tests (pre-existing isolation flake)
    -> 1063 passed

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* studio: catch bare-name HF upload calls in AST gate

`from huggingface_hub import upload_file; upload_file(...)` is a
canonical HF call shape that the previous Attribute-only check missed:
the bare-name call lands as ast.Name (not ast.Attribute), so the
fuzzy gate skipped it.

Extend _method_call_is_hf_upload to also match ast.Name when HF is in
scope. Same import-gating discipline as the Attribute branch, so
paramiko/boto3 and locally-defined `def upload_file(...)` helpers
without HF imports still pass.

Pins: 4 new TestHfUploadImportGate cases (upload_file/folder/create_commit
bare-name imports blocked; local upload_file without HF import allowed).

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* studio: scope HF uploads to sandbox-local literals; block env / token leaks

The previous gate dropped every HF upload call. Two refinements make it
precise enough to allow legitimate sandbox->HF uploads while still
catching credential / file exfil:

- path_or_fileobj / folder_path / create_commit operation paths must be
  sandbox-local relative-path literals (no '/', '~', drive letter, or
  '..' segments). Variable / dynamic paths are rejected.

- Any positional or keyword argument that statically resolves to
  os.environ / os.environ.get / os.getenv / bare getenv / subprocess
  shape readers is rejected (env-var exfil).

- token / hf_token / api_token / api_key / auth_token / access_token /
  password / secret kwargs are always rejected; sandbox env strips all
  parent credentials by construction, so any value here is hard-coded
  or lifted.

Recursive subtree walk in _reads_env_or_secret catches wrapper shapes
(str(os.environ), json.dumps(os.environ.items()), etc.).

Add TestSandboxEnvIsolation: pin that _build_safe_env builds the env
from a whitelist, not by stripping. Cover Linux/macOS/WSL/Windows
secret shapes. The whitelist is PATH / HOME / TMPDIR / LANG / TERM /
PYTHONIOENCODING (+ VIRTUAL_ENV / SystemRoot when applicable); HOME
points at the sandbox workdir, so HF / wandb / aws SDKs cannot reach
the operator's ~/.cache credentials.

Test classes added:
- TestHfUploadSandboxLocalPaths (relative literals allowed; absolute,
  drive-letter, '~', '..', mid-path traversal, dynamic vars, and
  open() of unsafe paths blocked, including create_commit recursion).
- TestHfUploadEnvAndSecretLeakBlock (os.environ subscript/get/getenv,
  bare getenv, subprocess.check_output, str(os.environ), token=,
  hf_token=, api_key=, and create_commit operations referencing env).
- TestSandboxEnvIsolation (no parent secret leaks into sandbox env).

131 tests in test_sandbox_tools.py pass.

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-05-18 00:01:17 -07:00
.github studio: load cached GGUF models when fully offline (#5505) 2026-05-17 21:25:39 -07:00
images Add files via upload 2026-05-17 22:19:06 -07:00
scripts ci: deterministic check for studio/frontend dep removals (#5478) 2026-05-16 05:46:22 -07:00
studio studio: tighten sandbox blocklist precision (bash, hf upload, NOFILE) (#5487) 2026-05-18 00:01:17 -07:00
tests Studio: stop hint, Uvicorn log rename, reachability check + Mac UI CI retry hardening (#5503) 2026-05-17 07:44:06 -07:00
unsloth fix: preserve tokenizer eos token on merged saves (#5451) 2026-05-17 06:44:23 -07:00
unsloth_cli Add a simple --version flag (#5516) 2026-05-18 04:04:05 +04:00
.gitattributes EOL LF (unix line endings) normalization (#3478) 2025-10-17 16:22:42 -07:00
.gitignore CI: scope GITHUB_TOKEN permissions, add MLX CI, unblock ~60 skipped tests (#5312) 2026-05-11 03:19:13 -07:00
.pre-commit-ci.yaml pre-commit CI config (#3565) 2025-11-07 14:44:18 -08:00
.pre-commit-config.yaml [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#5204) 2026-04-27 14:17:03 -07:00
build.sh Add Studio web update banner and release version display (#5308) 2026-05-11 18:24:01 +04:00
cli.py Rename cli/ to unsloth_cli/ to fix namespace collision with stringzilla (#4393) 2026-03-17 20:40:21 -07:00
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md Update CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md 2025-10-25 19:31:05 -07:00
CONTRIBUTING.md Revert "Improve documentation on how to export model from Colab" 2026-03-13 22:38:41 -07:00
COPYING Rename cli/ to unsloth_cli/ to fix namespace collision with stringzilla (#4393) 2026-03-17 20:40:21 -07:00
install.ps1 install: support STUDIO_HOME / UNSLOTH_STUDIO_HOME for custom install paths (#5190) 2026-05-05 23:17:40 -07:00
install.sh feat(studio): MLX training tab on Apple Silicon (LoRA / full FT, VLM, export) (#5265) 2026-05-05 23:54:58 -07:00
LICENSE Rename cli/ to unsloth_cli/ to fix namespace collision with stringzilla (#4393) 2026-03-17 20:40:21 -07:00
pyproject.toml intel-gpu: pin unsloth_zoo>=2026.5.2 via huggingfacenotorch (#5499) 2026-05-17 01:40:20 -07:00
README.md Add API Inference endpoint 2026-05-05 06:13:35 -07:00
unsloth-cli.py Merge pull request #3612 from Vangmay/feature/raw-text-dataprep 2026-01-08 03:38:15 -08:00

Unsloth logo

Unsloth Studio lets you run and train models locally.

FeaturesQuickstartNotebooksDocumentation


unsloth studio ui homepage

Get started

macOS, Linux, WSL:

curl -fsSL https://unsloth.ai/install.sh | sh

Windows:

irm https://unsloth.ai/install.ps1 | iex

Community:

Features

Unsloth Studio (Beta) lets you run and train text, audio, embedding, vision models on Windows, Linux and macOS.

Inference

Training

  • Train and RL 500+ models up to 2x faster with up to 70% less VRAM, with no accuracy loss.
  • Custom Triton and mathematical kernels. See some collabs we did with PyTorch and Hugging Face.
  • Data Recipes: Auto-create datasets from PDF, CSV, DOCX etc. Edit data in a visual-node workflow.
  • Reinforcement Learning (RL): The most efficient RL library, using 80% less VRAM for GRPO, FP8 etc.
  • Supports full fine-tuning, RL, pretraining, 4-bit, 16-bit and, FP8 training.
  • Observability: Monitor training live, track loss and GPU usage and customize graphs.
  • Multi-GPU training is supported, with major improvements coming soon.

📥 Install

Unsloth can be used in two ways: through Unsloth Studio, the web UI, or through Unsloth Core, the code-based version. Each has different requirements.

Unsloth Studio (web UI)

Unsloth Studio (Beta) works on Windows, Linux, WSL and macOS.

  • CPU: Supported for Chat and Data Recipes currently
  • NVIDIA: Training works on RTX 30/40/50, Blackwell, DGX Spark, Station and more
  • macOS: Currently supports chat and Data Recipes. MLX training is coming very soon
  • AMD: Chat + Data works. Train with Unsloth Core. Studio support is out soon.
  • Coming soon: Training support for Apple MLX, AMD, and Intel.
  • Multi-GPU: Available now, with a major upgrade on the way

macOS, Linux, WSL:

curl -fsSL https://unsloth.ai/install.sh | sh

Windows:

irm https://unsloth.ai/install.ps1 | iex

Launch

unsloth studio -p 8888

For cloud VMs or LAN access, add -H 0.0.0.0 to bind on all interfaces.

Update

To update, use the same install commands as above. Or run (does not work on Windows):

unsloth studio update

Docker

Use our Docker image unsloth/unsloth container. Run:

docker run -d -e JUPYTER_PASSWORD="mypassword" \
  -p 8888:8888 -p 8000:8000 -p 2222:22 \
  -v $(pwd)/work:/workspace/work \
  --gpus all \
  unsloth/unsloth

Developer, Nightly, Uninstall

To see developer, nightly and uninstallation etc. instructions, see advanced installation.

Unsloth Core (code-based)

Linux, WSL:

curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
uv venv unsloth_env --python 3.13
source unsloth_env/bin/activate
uv pip install unsloth --torch-backend=auto

Windows:

winget install -e --id Python.Python.3.13
winget install --id=astral-sh.uv  -e
uv venv unsloth_env --python 3.13
.\unsloth_env\Scripts\activate
uv pip install unsloth --torch-backend=auto

For Windows, pip install unsloth works only if you have PyTorch installed. Read our Windows Guide. You can use the same Docker image as Unsloth Studio.

AMD, Intel:

For RTX 50x, B200, 6000 GPUs: uv pip install unsloth --torch-backend=auto. Read our guides for: Blackwell and DGX Spark.
To install Unsloth on AMD and Intel GPUs, follow our AMD Guide and Intel Guide.

📒 Free Notebooks

Train for free with our notebooks. You can use our new free Unsloth Studio notebook to run and train models for free in a web UI. Read our guide. Add dataset, run, then deploy your trained model.

Model Free Notebooks Performance Memory use
Gemma 4 (E2B) ▶️ Start for free 1.5x faster 50% less
Qwen3.5 (4B) ▶️ Start for free 1.5x faster 60% less
gpt-oss (20B) ▶️ Start for free 2x faster 70% less
Qwen3.5 GSPO ▶️ Start for free 2x faster 70% less
gpt-oss (20B): GRPO ▶️ Start for free 2x faster 80% less
Qwen3: Advanced GRPO ▶️ Start for free 2x faster 70% less
embeddinggemma (300M) ▶️ Start for free 2x faster 20% less
Mistral Ministral 3 (3B) ▶️ Start for free 1.5x faster 60% less
Llama 3.1 (8B) Alpaca ▶️ Start for free 2x faster 70% less
Llama 3.2 Conversational ▶️ Start for free 2x faster 70% less
Orpheus-TTS (3B) ▶️ Start for free 1.5x faster 50% less

🦥 Unsloth News

  • API inference endpoint: Deploy and run local LLMs in Claude Code, Codex tools. Guide
  • Qwen3.6: Qwen3.6-35B-A3B can now be trained and run in Unsloth Studio. Blog
  • Gemma 4: Run and train Googles new models directly in Unsloth. Blog
  • Introducing Unsloth Studio: our new web UI for running and training LLMs. Blog
  • Qwen3.5 - 0.8B, 2B, 4B, 9B, 27B, 35-A3B, 112B-A10B are now supported. Guide + notebooks
  • Train MoE LLMs 12x faster with 35% less VRAM - DeepSeek, GLM, Qwen and gpt-oss. Blog
  • Embedding models: Unsloth now supports ~1.8-3.3x faster embedding fine-tuning. BlogNotebooks
  • New 7x longer context RL vs. all other setups, via our new batching algorithms. Blog
  • New RoPE & MLP Triton Kernels & Padding Free + Packing: 3x faster training & 30% less VRAM. Blog
  • 500K Context: Training a 20B model with >500K context is now possible on an 80GB GPU. Blog
  • FP8 & Vision RL: You can now do FP8 & VLM GRPO on consumer GPUs. FP8 BlogVision RL

📥 Advanced Installation

The below advanced instructions are for Unsloth Studio. For Unsloth Core advanced installation, view our docs.

Developer installs: macOS, Linux, WSL:

git clone https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth
cd unsloth
./install.sh --local
unsloth studio -p 8888

Then to update :

unsloth studio update

Developer installs: Windows PowerShell:

git clone https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth.git
cd unsloth
Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope Process -ExecutionPolicy Bypass
.\install.ps1 --local
unsloth studio -p 8888

Then to update :

unsloth studio update

Nightly: MacOS, Linux, WSL:

git clone https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth
cd unsloth
git checkout nightly
./install.sh --local
unsloth studio -p 8888

Then to launch every time:

unsloth studio -p 8888

Nightly: Windows:

Run in Windows Powershell:

git clone https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth.git
cd unsloth
git checkout nightly
Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope Process -ExecutionPolicy Bypass
.\install.ps1 --local
unsloth studio -p 8888

Then to launch every time:

unsloth studio -p 8888

Uninstall

You can uninstall Unsloth Studio by deleting its install folder usually located under $HOME/.unsloth/studio on Mac/Linux/WSL and %USERPROFILE%\.unsloth\studio on Windows. Using the rm -rf commands will delete everything, including your history, cache:

  • MacOS, WSL, Linux: rm -rf ~/.unsloth/studio
  • Windows (PowerShell): Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "$HOME\.unsloth\studio"

For more info, see our docs.

Deleting model files

You can delete old model files either from the bin icon in model search or by removing the relevant cached model folder from the default Hugging Face cache directory. By default, HF uses:

  • MacOS, Linux, WSL: ~/.cache/huggingface/hub/
  • Windows: %USERPROFILE%\.cache\huggingface\hub\
Type Links
  Discord Join Discord server
  r/unsloth Reddit Join Reddit community
📚 Documentation & Wiki Read Our Docs
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🔮 Our Models Unsloth Catalog
✍️ Blog Read our Blogs

Citation

You can cite the Unsloth repo as follows:

@software{unsloth,
  author = {Daniel Han, Michael Han and Unsloth team},
  title = {Unsloth},
  url = {https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth},
  year = {2023}
}

If you trained a model with 🦥Unsloth, you can use this cool sticker!  

License

Unsloth uses a dual-licensing model of Apache 2.0 and AGPL-3.0. The core Unsloth package remains licensed under Apache 2.0, while certain optional components, such as the Unsloth Studio UI are licensed under the open-source license AGPL-3.0.

This structure helps support ongoing Unsloth development while keeping the project open source and enabling the broader ecosystem to continue growing.

Thank You to

  • The llama.cpp library that lets users run and save models with Unsloth
  • The Hugging Face team and their libraries: transformers and TRL
  • The Pytorch and Torch AO team for their contributions
  • NVIDIA for their NeMo DataDesigner library and their contributions
  • And of course for every single person who has contributed or has used Unsloth!