unsloth/studio/backend/core/training/worker.py
Daniel Han 3ce187da02
Formatting: ruff line-length 100, kwarg-spacing passes, drop blank after short local imports (#6079)
Raise ruff line-length to 100 and extend the local pre-commit format pipeline (def-signature magic-comma normalization, short multi-line assert collapse, kwarg '=' spacing, blank-line-after-short-import removal, adjacent string-literal / f-string+plain merge, redundant-pass pruning). Every transform re-checks the file AST and is dropped if it would differ; the whole-repo reformat is verified AST-identical per file and idempotent.
2026-06-08 04:24:13 -07:00

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# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
# Copyright 2026-present the Unsloth AI Inc. team. All rights reserved. See /studio/LICENSE.AGPL-3.0
"""
Training subprocess entry point.
Each training job runs in a fresh subprocess (mp.get_context("spawn")).
This gives us a clean Python interpreter with no stale module state —
solving the transformers version-switching problem completely.
Pattern follows core/data_recipe/jobs/worker.py.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import structlog
from loggers import get_logger
import math
import os
import shutil
import sys
import time
import traceback
import gc
import re
import types
import subprocess as _sp
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any, Callable
logger = get_logger(__name__)
from utils.hardware import apply_gpu_ids
from utils.wheel_utils import (
direct_wheel_url,
flash_attn_wheel_url,
has_blackwell_gpu,
install_wheel,
probe_torch_wheel_env,
url_exists,
)
def _output_dir_from_resume_checkpoint(resume_from_checkpoint: str | None) -> str | None:
if not resume_from_checkpoint:
return None
path = Path(resume_from_checkpoint)
return str(path.parent if path.name.startswith("checkpoint-") else path)
_CAUSAL_CONV1D_RELEASE_TAG = "v1.6.1.post4"
_CAUSAL_CONV1D_PACKAGE_VERSION = "1.6.1"
_MAMBA_SSM_RELEASE_TAG = "v2.3.1"
_MAMBA_SSM_PACKAGE_VERSION = "2.3.1"
_FLASH_ATTN_RUNTIME_MIN_SEQ_LEN = 32768
_FLASH_ATTN_SKIP_ENV = "UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_FLASHATTN_INSTALL"
# apache-tvm-ffi 0.1.10/0.1.11 crash Triton with "CUDA: misaligned address" on sm_100.
_TILELANG_PACKAGE_VERSION = "0.1.8"
_APACHE_TVM_FFI_PACKAGE_VERSION = "0.1.9"
_TILELANG_SKIP_ENV = "UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_TILELANG_INSTALL"
# Pin both so plain pip cannot silently upgrade torch under the worker (fla-core needs torch>=2.7).
_FLA_PACKAGE_VERSION = "0.5.0"
_FLA_CORE_PACKAGE_VERSION = "0.5.0"
_FLA_SKIP_ENV = "UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_FLA_INSTALL"
# `--no-deps` saves torch but loses fla-core's transitive deps; `packaging` is also undeclared upstream.
_FLA_RUNTIME_DEPS = ("einops", "packaging", "triton")
_FLA_MIN_TORCH = (2, 7)
_FLA_MIN_PYTHON = (3, 10)
# tilelang 0.1.8 ships wheels only for these Linux arches and macOS arm64; never fall back to its 93MB sdist.
_TILELANG_SUPPORTED_LINUX_MACHINES = frozenset(("x86_64", "amd64", "aarch64", "arm64"))
_TILELANG_INSTALL_TIMEOUT_S = 600
_TVM_FFI_BROKEN_VERSIONS = ("0.1.10", "0.1.11")
_FAST_PATH_HOOKS_SKIP_ENV = "UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_FAST_PATH_HOOKS"
# Module-level handle so the torch.library.Library registration survives past
# run_training_process() and is not garbage collected mid-run.
_WINDOWS_ROCM_GROUPED_MM_LIB = None
# Worker subprocesses inherit the parent env but not the parent's
# os.add_dll_directory registrations. Replicate main.py's Windows ROCm DLL
# setup at module load so the first `import torch` can find amdhip64.dll even
# when HIP_PATH\bin is not on the system PATH. Handles retained at module
# scope so they are not garbage collected.
_ROCM_DLL_HANDLES: list = []
if sys.platform == "win32":
def _add_rocm_dll_dirs_worker() -> None:
_candidates: list[str] = []
for _var in ("HIP_PATH", "ROCM_PATH"):
_val = os.environ.get(_var)
if _val:
_candidates.append(os.path.join(_val, "bin"))
_default_root = os.path.join(
os.environ.get("ProgramFiles", r"C:\Program Files"), "AMD", "ROCm"
)
def _ver_key(name: str) -> tuple:
# Numeric tuple key so "10.0" sorts after "7.0"; non-numeric chunks fall back to string.
parts = []
for chunk in name.split("."):
try:
parts.append((0, int(chunk)))
except ValueError:
parts.append((1, chunk))
return tuple(parts)
try:
if os.path.isdir(_default_root):
for _ver in sorted(os.listdir(_default_root), key = _ver_key, reverse = True):
_bin = os.path.join(_default_root, _ver, "bin")
if os.path.isdir(_bin):
_candidates.append(_bin)
except OSError:
pass
for _d in _candidates:
if os.path.isdir(_d):
try:
_ROCM_DLL_HANDLES.append(os.add_dll_directory(_d))
except (OSError, AttributeError):
pass
_add_rocm_dll_dirs_worker()
del _add_rocm_dll_dirs_worker
def _model_wants_causal_conv1d(model_name: str) -> bool:
name = model_name.lower()
return any(
key in name
for key in (
"qwen3.5",
"qwen3_5",
"qwen3.6",
"qwen3_6",
"qwen3-next",
"qwen3_next",
"nemotron_h",
"nemotron-h",
"nemotron-3-nano",
"falcon_h1",
"falcon-h1",
"granite-4.0-h",
"granitemoehybrid",
"lfm2",
)
)
def _hipcc_gcc_install_dir() -> str | None:
"""Return the highest-numbered ``/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/<N>`` that has
BOTH the gcc runtime dir AND the corresponding ``/usr/include/c++/<N>`` C++
headers, or ``None`` if no match (or non-Linux / non-x86_64).
Ubuntu 24.04 ships ``/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/14/`` (gcc-14 runtime
objects) but does NOT ship ``/usr/include/c++/14`` in its default apt set;
libstdc++ headers come from ``libstdc++-13-dev``. ROCm clang-20 picks the
highest-numbered runtime dir by default, finds no ``<cstdlib>``, and the
HIP source build fails with::
/opt/rocm-X.Y/lib/llvm/lib/clang/20/include/__clang_hip_runtime_wrapper.h:112:10:
fatal error: 'cstdlib' file not found
Returning a path lets the caller pass ``--gcc-install-dir=<path>`` to clang
via ``HIPCC_COMPILE_FLAGS_APPEND``. Mirrors the same loop ``bbf004c`` added
to ``studio/setup.sh`` for the llama.cpp HIP build branch (PR #5301).
"""
if not sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
return None
import platform as _platform
if _platform.machine().lower() != "x86_64":
return None
for _ver in (14, 13, 12, 11):
_runtime = f"/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/{_ver}/include"
_headers = f"/usr/include/c++/{_ver}"
if os.path.isdir(_runtime) and os.path.isdir(_headers):
return f"/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/{_ver}"
return None
def _install_package_wheel_first(
*,
event_queue: Any,
import_name: str,
display_name: str,
pypi_name: str,
pypi_version: str | None = None,
filename_prefix: str | None = None,
release_tag: str | None = None,
release_base_url: str | None = None,
wheel_url_builder: Callable[[dict[str, str] | None], str | None] | None = None,
pypi_spec: str | None = None,
pypi_status_message: str | None = None,
) -> bool:
try:
__import__(import_name)
logger.info("%s already installed", display_name)
return True
except ImportError:
pass
env = probe_torch_wheel_env(timeout = 30)
if wheel_url_builder is not None:
wheel_url = wheel_url_builder(env)
else:
wheel_url = direct_wheel_url(
filename_prefix = filename_prefix,
package_version = pypi_version,
release_tag = release_tag,
release_base_url = release_base_url,
env = env,
)
if wheel_url is None:
logger.info("No compatible %s wheel candidate", display_name)
elif url_exists(wheel_url):
_send_status(event_queue, f"Installing {display_name} for faster training...")
for installer, result in install_wheel(
wheel_url,
python_executable = sys.executable,
use_uv = bool(shutil.which("uv")),
run = _sp.run,
):
if result.returncode == 0:
logger.info("Installed prebuilt %s wheel successfully", display_name)
return True
logger.warning(
"%s failed to install %s wheel:\n%s",
installer,
display_name,
result.stdout,
)
else:
logger.info("No published %s wheel found: %s", display_name, wheel_url)
is_hip = env and env.get("hip_version")
if is_hip and not shutil.which("hipcc"):
logger.error(
"%s requires hipcc for source compilation on ROCm. "
"Install the ROCm HIP SDK: https://rocm.docs.amd.com",
display_name,
)
_send_status(
event_queue,
f"{display_name}: hipcc not found (ROCm HIP SDK required)",
)
return False
if pypi_spec is None:
pypi_spec = f"{pypi_name}=={pypi_version}"
if pypi_status_message is None:
if is_hip:
pypi_status_message = (
f"Compiling {display_name} from source for ROCm "
"(this may take several minutes)..."
)
else:
pypi_status_message = f"Installing {display_name} from PyPI for faster training..."
_send_status(event_queue, pypi_status_message)
# Prefer uv for faster dependency resolution when available
plain_pypi_install = pypi_version is None
if plain_pypi_install:
if shutil.which("uv"):
pypi_cmd = [
"uv",
"pip",
"install",
"--python",
sys.executable,
pypi_spec,
]
else:
pypi_cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", pypi_spec]
else:
if shutil.which("uv"):
pypi_cmd = [
"uv",
"pip",
"install",
"--python",
sys.executable,
"--no-build-isolation",
"--no-deps",
]
# Avoid stale cache artifacts from partial HIP source builds
if is_hip:
pypi_cmd.append("--no-cache")
pypi_cmd.append(pypi_spec)
else:
pypi_cmd = [
sys.executable,
"-m",
"pip",
"install",
"--no-build-isolation",
"--no-deps",
"--no-cache-dir",
pypi_spec,
]
# Source compilation on ROCm can take 10-30 minutes; use a generous
# timeout. Non-HIP installs preserve the pre-existing "no timeout"
# behaviour so unrelated slow installs (e.g. causal-conv1d source
# build on Linux aarch64 or unsupported torch/CUDA combinations)
# are not aborted at 5 minutes by this PR.
_run_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
"stdout": _sp.PIPE,
"stderr": _sp.STDOUT,
"text": True,
}
if is_hip:
_run_kwargs["timeout"] = 1800
# On Ubuntu 24.04 + ROCm clang-20, the HIP source build (causal-conv1d,
# mamba-ssm source fallback, flash-attn source fallback) defaults to
# /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/14/ which has the runtime dir but no
# /usr/include/c++/14 headers, and dies at:
# __clang_hip_runtime_wrapper.h:112:10:
# fatal error: 'cstdlib' file not found
# Inject --gcc-install-dir for a gcc whose C++ headers actually exist.
# Respect any pre-existing --gcc-install-dir in HIPCC_COMPILE_FLAGS_APPEND
# (user knows best); otherwise append. Mirrors the same fix bbf004c
# added to studio/setup.sh for the llama.cpp HIP build (PR #5301).
_existing_flags = os.environ.get("HIPCC_COMPILE_FLAGS_APPEND", "")
if "--gcc-install-dir" not in _existing_flags:
_gcc_dir = _hipcc_gcc_install_dir()
if _gcc_dir is not None:
_appended = (f"{_existing_flags} --gcc-install-dir={_gcc_dir}").strip()
_env = _run_kwargs.get("env", os.environ).copy()
_env["HIPCC_COMPILE_FLAGS_APPEND"] = _appended
_run_kwargs["env"] = _env
logger.info(
"HIP source build for %s: appended "
"--gcc-install-dir=%s to HIPCC_COMPILE_FLAGS_APPEND",
display_name,
_gcc_dir,
)
try:
result = _sp.run(pypi_cmd, **_run_kwargs)
except _sp.TimeoutExpired:
logger.error(
"%s installation timed out after %ds",
display_name,
_run_kwargs.get("timeout"),
)
_send_status(
event_queue,
f"{display_name} installation timed out after " f"{_run_kwargs.get('timeout')}s",
)
return False
if result.returncode != 0:
if is_hip:
# Surface a clear error for ROCm source build failures
error_lines = (result.stdout or "").strip().splitlines()
snippet = "\n".join(error_lines[-5:]) if error_lines else "(no output)"
logger.error(
"Failed to compile %s for ROCm:\n%s",
display_name,
result.stdout,
)
_send_status(
event_queue,
f"Failed to compile {display_name} for ROCm. "
"Check that hipcc and ROCm development headers are installed.\n"
f"{snippet}",
)
else:
if sys.platform == "win32":
# No prebuilt wheel and no source build toolchain on Windows --
# this is expected for packages like causal-conv1d. Log at
# info so users aren't alarmed by what looks like an error.
logger.info(
"%s is not available on Windows (no prebuilt wheel); skipping",
display_name,
)
logger.debug("Install output:\n%s", result.stdout)
else:
logger.error(
"Failed to install %s from PyPI:\n%s",
display_name,
result.stdout,
)
return False
if is_hip:
logger.info("Compiled and installed %s from source for ROCm", display_name)
else:
logger.info("Installed %s from PyPI", display_name)
return True
def _ensure_causal_conv1d_fast_path(event_queue: Any, model_name: str) -> None:
if not _model_wants_causal_conv1d(model_name):
return
if sys.platform == "win32":
logger.info("causal-conv1d: no prebuilt wheel for Windows; skipping")
return
_install_package_wheel_first(
event_queue = event_queue,
import_name = "causal_conv1d",
display_name = "causal-conv1d",
pypi_name = "causal-conv1d",
pypi_version = _CAUSAL_CONV1D_PACKAGE_VERSION,
filename_prefix = "causal_conv1d",
release_tag = _CAUSAL_CONV1D_RELEASE_TAG,
release_base_url = "https://github.com/Dao-AILab/causal-conv1d/releases/download",
)
def _installed_torch_version_tuple() -> tuple[int, int] | None:
"""Return ``(major, minor)`` of the installed torch, else None."""
try:
from importlib.metadata import version as _pkg_version
raw = _pkg_version("torch").split("+", 1)[0]
parts = raw.split(".")
return (int(parts[0]), int(parts[1]))
except Exception:
return None
def _flash_linear_attention_importable() -> bool:
"""Catch any exception (not just ImportError) so a broken native lib doesn't abort the worker."""
try:
import fla.modules # noqa: F401
import fla.ops.gated_delta_rule # noqa: F401
return True
except Exception as exc:
logger.warning(
"flash-linear-attention is not importable; continuing with install/fallback: %s",
exc,
)
return False
def _flash_linear_attention_current(already_importable: bool | None = None) -> bool:
"""True iff FLA imports AND is at the pinned version (older FLA lacks gated_delta_rule kernels)."""
if already_importable is None:
already_importable = _flash_linear_attention_importable()
if not already_importable:
return False
try:
from importlib.metadata import version as _pkg_version
from packaging.version import Version
fla_v = Version(_pkg_version("flash-linear-attention"))
core_v = Version(_pkg_version("fla-core"))
return fla_v >= Version(_FLA_PACKAGE_VERSION) and core_v >= Version(
_FLA_CORE_PACKAGE_VERSION
)
except Exception as exc:
logger.warning(
"flash-linear-attention importable but version check failed; treating as stale: %s",
exc,
)
return False
def _ensure_flash_linear_attention_unconditional(event_queue: Any) -> bool:
"""Install pinned FLA + fla-core with --no-deps. Returns True iff importable post-call."""
if os.getenv(_FLA_SKIP_ENV) == "1":
return False
if sys.platform == "win32":
logger.info("Skipping flash-linear-attention install: no prebuilt wheel for Windows")
return False
if sys.version_info < _FLA_MIN_PYTHON:
logger.info(
"Skipping flash-linear-attention install: requires Python >= %d.%d, have %s",
_FLA_MIN_PYTHON[0],
_FLA_MIN_PYTHON[1],
sys.version.split()[0],
)
return False
torch_ver = _installed_torch_version_tuple()
if torch_ver is not None and torch_ver < _FLA_MIN_TORCH:
_send_status(
event_queue,
(
f"Skipping flash-linear-attention install: fla-core requires "
f"torch>={_FLA_MIN_TORCH[0]}.{_FLA_MIN_TORCH[1]}, have "
f"{torch_ver[0]}.{torch_ver[1]}"
),
)
return False
# Probe once; reuse result so the --force-reinstall decision and the short-circuit
# share the same call count (stable for tests).
already_importable = _flash_linear_attention_importable()
if already_importable and _flash_linear_attention_current(already_importable = True):
logger.info("flash-linear-attention already importable at the pinned version")
return True
_send_status(
event_queue,
f"Installing flash-linear-attention=={_FLA_PACKAGE_VERSION} for faster training...",
)
# `--no-deps` blocks the silent torch upgrade; we bring the non-torch runtime deps in by hand.
specs = [
*_FLA_RUNTIME_DEPS,
f"fla-core=={_FLA_CORE_PACKAGE_VERSION}",
f"flash-linear-attention=={_FLA_PACKAGE_VERSION}",
]
extra_args = ["--no-deps"]
if already_importable:
# Older FLA already imported; pip skips reinstall without this flag.
extra_args.append("--force-reinstall")
if shutil.which("uv"):
pypi_cmd = [
"uv",
"pip",
"install",
"--python",
sys.executable,
*extra_args,
*specs,
]
else:
pypi_cmd = [
sys.executable,
"-m",
"pip",
"install",
*extra_args,
*specs,
]
try:
result = _sp.run(
pypi_cmd,
stdout = _sp.PIPE,
stderr = _sp.STDOUT,
text = True,
timeout = _TILELANG_INSTALL_TIMEOUT_S,
)
except _sp.TimeoutExpired:
logger.warning("flash-linear-attention install timed out; continuing")
_send_status(event_queue, "flash-linear-attention install timed out; continuing")
return False
if result.returncode != 0:
if sys.platform == "win32":
logger.info(
"flash-linear-attention not available on Windows (no prebuilt wheel); "
"continuing on torch fallback"
)
logger.debug("Install output:\n%s", result.stdout)
else:
logger.warning(
"flash-linear-attention install failed (continuing on torch fallback):\n%s",
result.stdout,
)
_send_status(
event_queue,
"flash-linear-attention install failed; continuing without it",
)
return False
# pip can exit 0 with a missing transitive runtime dep; verify the import.
if not _flash_linear_attention_importable():
_send_status(
event_queue,
"flash-linear-attention installed but is not importable; continuing without it",
)
return False
logger.info("Installed flash-linear-attention for the FLA fast path")
return True
def _ensure_flash_linear_attention(event_queue: Any, model_name: str) -> None:
"""Legacy model-name-gated FLA install, used when UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_FAST_PATH_HOOKS=1."""
if not _model_wants_tilelang(model_name):
return
_ensure_flash_linear_attention_unconditional(event_queue)
_SSM_MODEL_SUBSTRINGS = (
"nemotron_h",
"nemotron-h",
"nemotron-3-nano",
"falcon_h1",
"falcon-h1",
"granite-4.0-h",
"granitemoehybrid",
)
def _ensure_mamba_ssm(event_queue: Any, model_name: str) -> None:
if not any(sub in model_name.lower() for sub in _SSM_MODEL_SUBSTRINGS):
return
logger.info("SSM model detected; setting up mamba-ssm after causal-conv1d")
_install_package_wheel_first(
event_queue = event_queue,
import_name = "mamba_ssm",
display_name = "mamba-ssm",
pypi_name = "mamba-ssm",
pypi_version = _MAMBA_SSM_PACKAGE_VERSION,
filename_prefix = "mamba_ssm",
release_tag = _MAMBA_SSM_RELEASE_TAG,
release_base_url = "https://github.com/state-spaces/mamba/releases/download",
)
# Auto-derived from installed transformers: model_types whose modeling_*.py imports `from fla.*`.
# Cached per process. Empty when transformers can't be inspected -> we skip tilelang pre-install
# (the FLA Triton path still runs via the runtime hook).
_TRANSFORMERS_FLA_MODEL_TYPES_CACHE: frozenset[str] | None = None
_MODEL_NAME_SEP_CHARS = ("-", ".", "/", " ")
def _discover_fla_model_types() -> frozenset[str]:
"""Model_types in the installed transformers whose modeling file imports `from fla.*`."""
global _TRANSFORMERS_FLA_MODEL_TYPES_CACHE
if _TRANSFORMERS_FLA_MODEL_TYPES_CACHE is not None:
return _TRANSFORMERS_FLA_MODEL_TYPES_CACHE
found: set[str] = set()
try:
import transformers
models_root = Path(transformers.__file__).parent / "models"
for modeling in models_root.glob("*/modeling_*.py"):
try:
src = modeling.read_text(encoding = "utf-8", errors = "ignore")
except OSError:
continue
if "from fla." in src:
found.add(modeling.parent.name)
except Exception as exc:
logger.debug("FLA model-type discovery skipped: %s", exc)
_TRANSFORMERS_FLA_MODEL_TYPES_CACHE = frozenset(found)
return _TRANSFORMERS_FLA_MODEL_TYPES_CACHE
def _model_wants_tilelang(model_name: str) -> bool:
"""True iff model_name normalizes to contain a discovered FLA model_type."""
types = _discover_fla_model_types()
if not types:
return False
name = model_name.lower()
for sep in _MODEL_NAME_SEP_CHARS:
name = name.replace(sep, "_")
return any(t in name for t in types)
def _installed_tvm_ffi_version() -> str | None:
"""Installed apache-tvm-ffi version, or None if missing/unimportable."""
try:
from importlib.metadata import version as _pkg_version
return _pkg_version("apache-tvm-ffi")
except Exception:
return None
def _tilelang_importable() -> bool:
"""Catch any exception (not just ImportError) so a broken native lib doesn't abort the worker."""
try:
import tilelang # noqa: F401
import tvm_ffi # noqa: F401
return True
except Exception as exc:
logger.warning(
"tilelang/tvm_ffi is not importable; continuing with install/fallback: %s",
exc,
)
return False
def _torch_has_hip() -> bool:
"""True iff torch is a ROCm build.
`torch.version.hip` covers official PyTorch ROCm wheels; AMD SDK / Radeon
wheels can leave it unset but still encode "rocm" in `torch.__version__`.
"""
try:
import torch as _torch
return bool(
getattr(_torch.version, "hip", None)
or "rocm" in getattr(_torch, "__version__", "").lower()
)
except Exception:
return False
def _rocm_classify_unified_memory(props: Any) -> tuple[str, bool]:
"""Classify a ROCm device as unified-memory (APU) or discrete.
Returns ``(gcn_arch, is_unified)`` where:
- ``gcn_arch`` is the canonical arch string (e.g. ``"gfx1151"``) when a
known attribute is present, or ``""`` when all arch attrs are absent.
- ``is_unified`` is ``True`` for AMD APUs with a shared GPU/system-RAM pool
(gfx1150 Strix Point, gfx1151 Strix Halo) — these need a lower
``set_per_process_memory_fraction`` cap to leave headroom for the OS.
Classification priority:
1. ``gcnArchName`` / variant spellings (stable, naming-independent).
2. Device-name substring match as a last-resort fallback when all arch
attrs are absent (AMD SDK / Radeon wheels may not populate them):
- gfx1150 Strix Point: ``Radeon 890M``, ``Radeon 880M``
- gfx1151 Strix Halo: ``Radeon 8060S`` (Ryzen AI MAX+ 395),
``Radeon 8050S`` (cut-down SKU)
"""
gcn_arch = ""
for _attr in ("gcnArchName", "gcn_arch_name", "arch_name", "gfx_arch_name"):
_v = (getattr(props, _attr, "") or "").split(":")[0].strip()
if _v:
gcn_arch = _v
break
if gcn_arch:
return gcn_arch, gcn_arch in {"gfx1150", "gfx1151"}
# Arch attrs absent — fall back to device-name matching.
dev_lower = (getattr(props, "name", "") or "").lower()
is_unified = (
"890m" in dev_lower or "880m" in dev_lower or "8060s" in dev_lower or "8050s" in dev_lower
)
return gcn_arch, is_unified
def _tilelang_platform_supported() -> bool:
"""True iff a tilelang 0.1.8 wheel will load: Linux x86_64/aarch64, non-HIP torch.
HIP excluded because tilelang 0.1.8 has no HIP GEMM instruction and crashes mid-backward.
"""
import platform as _platform
if not sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
return False
if _platform.machine().lower() not in _TILELANG_SUPPORTED_LINUX_MACHINES:
return False
if _torch_has_hip():
return False
return True
def _pip_install_cmd(*args: str) -> list[str]:
"""`uv pip install` if uv is on PATH, else `python -m pip install`."""
if shutil.which("uv"):
return ["uv", "pip", "install", "--python", sys.executable, *args]
return [sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", *args]
def _run_pip(cmd: list[str], event_queue: Any, label: str) -> bool:
"""Run a pip install and surface success/failure via status events."""
try:
result = _sp.run(
cmd,
stdout = _sp.PIPE,
stderr = _sp.STDOUT,
text = True,
timeout = _TILELANG_INSTALL_TIMEOUT_S,
)
except _sp.TimeoutExpired:
logger.warning("%s install timed out; continuing", label)
_send_status(event_queue, f"{label} install timed out; continuing")
return False
if result.returncode != 0:
logger.warning("%s install failed (continuing without it):\n%s", label, result.stdout)
_send_status(event_queue, f"{label} install failed; continuing")
return False
return True
def _ensure_tilelang_backend_unconditional(event_queue: Any) -> bool:
"""Install pinned tilelang + apache-tvm-ffi; two-step repair if a broken tvm-ffi is present.
Returns True iff both import post-call. Step 1 surgically downgrades a broken tvm-ffi
with --force-reinstall --no-deps so torch / CUDA stay untouched; step 2 is a regular
install for missing transitive deps. Bypass via UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_TILELANG_INSTALL=1.
"""
if os.getenv(_TILELANG_SKIP_ENV) == "1":
return False
if sys.version_info < _FLA_MIN_PYTHON:
logger.info(
"Skipping tilelang install: requires Python >= %d.%d, have %s",
_FLA_MIN_PYTHON[0],
_FLA_MIN_PYTHON[1],
sys.version.split()[0],
)
return False
if not _tilelang_platform_supported():
import platform as _platform
logger.info(
"Skipping tilelang install: no prebuilt wheel for %s/%s",
sys.platform,
_platform.machine(),
)
return False
existing_tvm_ffi = _installed_tvm_ffi_version()
needs_repair = existing_tvm_ffi in _TVM_FFI_BROKEN_VERSIONS
if not needs_repair and _tilelang_importable():
logger.info("tilelang + apache-tvm-ffi already installed")
return True
# Step 1: --no-deps keeps --force-reinstall from touching torch/CUDA via the dep graph.
if needs_repair:
logger.info(
"Forcing apache-tvm-ffi downgrade: %s is on the broken list",
existing_tvm_ffi,
)
_send_status(
event_queue,
(
f"Downgrading apache-tvm-ffi {existing_tvm_ffi} -> "
f"{_APACHE_TVM_FFI_PACKAGE_VERSION} (broken-versions list)"
),
)
repair_cmd = _pip_install_cmd(
"--only-binary=:all:",
"--force-reinstall",
"--no-deps",
f"apache-tvm-ffi=={_APACHE_TVM_FFI_PACKAGE_VERSION}",
)
if not _run_pip(repair_cmd, event_queue, "TileLang backend repair"):
return False
# Step 2: regular install pulls in transitive deps (z3-solver, ml-dtypes) without touching torch.
_send_status(
event_queue,
f"Installing TileLang=={_TILELANG_PACKAGE_VERSION} for faster training...",
)
install_cmd = _pip_install_cmd(
"--only-binary=:all:",
f"apache-tvm-ffi=={_APACHE_TVM_FFI_PACKAGE_VERSION}",
f"tilelang=={_TILELANG_PACKAGE_VERSION}",
)
if not _run_pip(install_cmd, event_queue, "TileLang backend"):
return False
# pip can exit 0 while a native lib (libz3.so) is missing; verify the import.
if not _tilelang_importable():
_send_status(
event_queue,
"TileLang backend installed but is not importable; continuing on the FLA Triton path",
)
return False
logger.info("Installed TileLang backend for FLA fast path")
return True
def _ensure_tilelang_backend(event_queue: Any, model_name: str) -> None:
"""Legacy substring-gated tilelang installer (opt-out path)."""
if not _model_wants_tilelang(model_name):
return
_ensure_tilelang_backend_unconditional(event_queue)
# ── Fast-path hooks ──
# Wrap transformers' is_{flash_linear_attention,causal_conv1d}_available so the first call
# (at modeling import time) drives the install. Any model that queries the gate gets the
# install; models that never query it (Llama, Gemma, dense Qwen) pay nothing.
# UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_FAST_PATH_HOOKS=1 falls back to the legacy substring path.
def _rebind_in_already_imported_modules(*, attr_name: str, old_obj: Any, new_obj: Any) -> int:
"""Rebind `attr_name -> new_obj` in every module that already imported `old_obj`.
`from X import Y` creates a local binding that reassigning X.Y won't reach.
Uses `__dict__.get` (not `getattr`) to skip lazy `__getattr__` aliases.
"""
count = 0
missing = object()
for mod_name, mod in list(sys.modules.items()):
if mod is None:
continue
module_dict = getattr(mod, "__dict__", None)
if not isinstance(module_dict, dict):
continue
existing = module_dict.get(attr_name, missing)
if existing is old_obj:
try:
setattr(mod, attr_name, new_obj)
count += 1
except Exception as exc:
logger.debug("Could not rebind %s in %s: %s", attr_name, mod_name, exc)
return count
def _install_fast_path_hooks(event_queue: Any, model_name: str) -> None:
"""Hook transformers' is_*_available gates so the first call drives the install.
Idempotent. UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_FAST_PATH_HOOKS=1 falls back to the substring gate.
"""
if os.getenv(_FAST_PATH_HOOKS_SKIP_ENV) == "1":
logger.info("Fast-path hooks disabled via env; using substring fallback")
return
# On HIP torch, even already-installed tilelang crashes FLA's TileLang dispatch.
# User can override with FLA_TILELANG=1.
if _torch_has_hip() and os.environ.get("FLA_TILELANG") is None:
os.environ["FLA_TILELANG"] = "0"
logger.info(
"HIP/ROCm torch detected; setting FLA_TILELANG=0 (no HIP GEMM in tilelang 0.1.8)"
)
try:
from transformers.utils import import_utils as _iu
except Exception as exc:
logger.warning(
"transformers.utils.import_utils not importable; skipping fast-path hooks: %s",
exc,
)
return
def _make_wrapper(
original: Callable[[], bool],
install_fn: Callable[[Any], bool],
gate_name: str,
post_available_fn: Callable[[Any], None] | None = None,
) -> Callable[[], bool]:
state = {"installed": False}
def wrapper() -> bool:
if state["installed"]:
return original()
try:
original.cache_clear() # defensive; worker subprocess is fresh
except AttributeError:
pass
ok = original()
ran_install = False
if not ok:
ran_install = True
logger.info("Hook fired for %s; triggering install", gate_name)
try:
ok = bool(install_fn(event_queue))
except Exception as exc:
logger.warning("%s install raised: %s; falling back to torch", gate_name, exc)
ok = False
logger.info("%s hook done; available=%s", gate_name, ok)
# post_available_fn handles "gate already True but ancillary kernel broken" (e.g. tilelang
# missing while FLA imports fine); skip when install_fn already chained the follow-up.
if ok and not ran_install and post_available_fn is not None:
try:
post_available_fn(event_queue)
except Exception as exc:
logger.warning("%s post-available step raised: %s; continuing", gate_name, exc)
state["installed"] = True
return ok
wrapper.__wrapped__ = original # type: ignore[attr-defined]
wrapper.cache_clear = getattr(original, "cache_clear", lambda: None) # type: ignore[attr-defined]
return wrapper
def _fla_install(eq: Any) -> bool:
# FLA alone ~2.35x; +tilelang adds ~26%. tilelang is GDN-only (Qwen3.5 family).
if not _ensure_flash_linear_attention_unconditional(eq):
logger.info("FLA install did not produce an importable runtime; skipping TileLang")
return False
if _model_wants_tilelang(model_name):
_ensure_tilelang_backend_unconditional(eq)
else:
logger.info(
"Model %r outside TileLang allowlist; FLA Triton path is sufficient",
model_name,
)
return True
def _fla_post_available(eq: Any) -> None:
# FLA already imports; repair tilelang if missing or on the broken tvm-ffi list.
if not _model_wants_tilelang(model_name):
return
if _installed_tvm_ffi_version() not in _TVM_FFI_BROKEN_VERSIONS and _tilelang_importable():
return
_ensure_tilelang_backend_unconditional(eq)
def _causal_conv1d_install(eq: Any) -> bool:
if sys.platform == "win32":
logger.info("causal-conv1d: no prebuilt wheel for Windows; skipping")
return False
ok = _install_package_wheel_first(
event_queue = eq,
import_name = "causal_conv1d",
display_name = "causal-conv1d",
pypi_name = "causal-conv1d",
pypi_version = _CAUSAL_CONV1D_PACKAGE_VERSION,
filename_prefix = "causal_conv1d",
release_tag = _CAUSAL_CONV1D_RELEASE_TAG,
release_base_url = ("https://github.com/Dao-AILab/causal-conv1d/releases/download"),
)
return bool(ok)
for gate_name, install_fn, post_fn in (
("is_flash_linear_attention_available", _fla_install, _fla_post_available),
("is_causal_conv1d_available", _causal_conv1d_install, None),
):
original = getattr(_iu, gate_name, None)
if original is None:
logger.info(
"%s missing on transformers.utils.import_utils; skipping hook",
gate_name,
)
continue
wrapped = _make_wrapper(original, install_fn, gate_name, post_fn)
setattr(_iu, gate_name, wrapped)
rebound = _rebind_in_already_imported_modules(
attr_name = gate_name, old_obj = original, new_obj = wrapped
)
logger.info("Installed fast-path hook on %s (rebound %d modules)", gate_name, rebound)
def _should_try_runtime_flash_attn_install(max_seq_length: int) -> bool:
if os.getenv(_FLASH_ATTN_SKIP_ENV) == "1":
return False
if max_seq_length < _FLASH_ATTN_RUNTIME_MIN_SEQ_LEN:
return False
return sys.platform.startswith("linux")
def _ensure_flash_attn_for_long_context(event_queue: Any, max_seq_length: int) -> None:
if not _should_try_runtime_flash_attn_install(max_seq_length):
return
if has_blackwell_gpu():
_send_status(
event_queue,
"Skipping flash-attn install: Blackwell GPU detected (sm_100+); no compatible prebuilt wheel",
)
return
installed = _install_package_wheel_first(
event_queue = event_queue,
import_name = "flash_attn",
display_name = "flash-attn",
pypi_name = "flash-attn",
wheel_url_builder = flash_attn_wheel_url,
pypi_spec = "flash-attn",
pypi_status_message = "Installing flash-attn from PyPI for long-context training...",
)
if not installed:
_send_status(event_queue, "Continuing without flash-attn")
def _activate_transformers_version(model_name: str) -> None:
"""Activate the correct transformers version BEFORE any ML imports."""
# Ensure backend is on path for utils imports
backend_path = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent)
if backend_path not in sys.path:
sys.path.insert(0, backend_path)
from utils.transformers_version import activate_transformers_for_subprocess
activate_transformers_for_subprocess(model_name)
def _mlx_vlm_max_resized_size(width: int, height: int, target: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
if width <= 0 or height <= 0 or target <= 0:
return width, height
largest_side = max(width, height)
if largest_side <= target:
return width, height
# Integer formula matches unsloth_zoo's collator (Python round() differs
# by 1px on half-pixel cases). max(1, _) avoids zero-side degenerate output.
new_w = max(1, (width * target + largest_side // 2) // largest_side)
new_h = max(1, (height * target + largest_side // 2) // largest_side)
return new_w, new_h
def _resize_mlx_vlm_image(image, resize):
if resize is None:
return image
try:
from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
except ImportError:
return image
if not isinstance(image, Image.Image):
return image
image = image.convert("RGB")
new_size = _mlx_vlm_max_resized_size(*image.size, int(resize))
if new_size != image.size:
resampling = getattr(Image, "Resampling", Image).LANCZOS
image = image.resize(new_size, resampling)
# When a resize is requested, hand mlx-vlm a writable RGB ndarray so its
# PIL-path square-resize is skipped and HF processors don't warn on
# non-writable views. resize=None (Default) above keeps the original PIL.
return np.array(image, copy = True)
def _resize_mlx_vlm_images(value, resize):
if isinstance(value, list):
return [_resize_mlx_vlm_image(image, resize) for image in value]
return _resize_mlx_vlm_image(value, resize)
def _adapt_for_mlx_vlm(items, resize = None):
"""Adapt GPU-path VLM dataset output for mlx-vlm consumption.
The GPU path embeds PIL images inside messages content as
{"type": "image", "image": PIL_Image}. mlx-vlm's prepare_inputs
needs images at top-level to produce pixel_values — regardless of
model type. Extract them and leave bare {"type": "image"} placeholders.
"""
adapted = []
for item in items:
images = []
messages = []
for msg in item.get("messages", []):
content = msg.get("content", "")
if isinstance(content, list):
new_content = []
for part in content:
if isinstance(part, dict) and part.get("type") == "image":
img = part.get("image")
if img is not None:
images.append(_resize_mlx_vlm_image(img, resize))
new_content.append({"type": "image"})
else:
new_content.append(part)
messages.append({"role": msg["role"], "content": new_content})
else:
messages.append(msg)
out = {"messages": messages}
if images:
out["image"] = images[0] if len(images) == 1 else images
elif "image" in item:
out["image"] = _resize_mlx_vlm_images(item["image"], resize)
elif "images" in item:
out["images"] = _resize_mlx_vlm_images(item["images"], resize)
adapted.append(out)
return adapted
_MLX_STUDIO_OPTIM_MAP = {
"adamw_8bit": "adamw",
"paged_adamw_8bit": "adamw",
"adamw_bnb_8bit": "adamw",
"paged_adamw_32bit": "adamw",
"adamw_torch": "adamw",
"adamw_torch_fused": "adamw",
"adamw": "adamw",
"adafactor": "adafactor",
"sgd": "sgd",
"adam": "adam",
"muon": "muon",
"lion": "lion",
}
_MLX_STUDIO_LR_SCHEDULERS = {"linear", "cosine", "constant"}
def _normalize_mlx_studio_optimizer(value):
raw = str(value or "adamw_8bit").strip().lower()
try:
return _MLX_STUDIO_OPTIM_MAP[raw]
except KeyError:
supported = ", ".join(sorted(_MLX_STUDIO_OPTIM_MAP))
raise ValueError(
f"Unsupported optimizer for MLX training: {value!r}. " f"Supported values: {supported}."
)
def _normalize_mlx_studio_scheduler(value):
raw = str(value or "linear").strip().lower()
if raw not in _MLX_STUDIO_LR_SCHEDULERS:
supported = ", ".join(sorted(_MLX_STUDIO_LR_SCHEDULERS))
raise ValueError(
f"Unsupported LR scheduler for MLX training: {value!r}. "
f"Supported values: {supported}."
)
return raw
def _resolve_mlx_local_dataset_files(file_paths: list) -> list[str]:
"""Resolve Studio local dataset uploads without importing the GPU trainer."""
from utils.paths import resolve_dataset_path
all_files: list[str] = []
for dataset_file in file_paths or []:
file_path = (
dataset_file if os.path.isabs(dataset_file) else str(resolve_dataset_path(dataset_file))
)
file_path_obj = Path(file_path)
if file_path_obj.is_dir():
parquet_dir = (
file_path_obj / "parquet-files"
if (file_path_obj / "parquet-files").exists()
else file_path_obj
)
parquet_files = sorted(parquet_dir.glob("*.parquet"))
if parquet_files:
all_files.extend(str(p) for p in parquet_files)
continue
candidates: list[Path] = []
for ext in (".json", ".jsonl", ".csv", ".parquet"):
candidates.extend(sorted(file_path_obj.glob(f"*{ext}")))
if candidates:
all_files.extend(str(c) for c in candidates)
continue
raise ValueError(f"No supported data files in directory: {file_path_obj}")
all_files.append(str(file_path_obj))
return all_files
def _mlx_local_dataset_loader_for_files(files: list[str]) -> str:
first_ext = Path(files[0]).suffix.lower()
if first_ext in (".json", ".jsonl"):
return "json"
if first_ext == ".csv":
return "csv"
if first_ext == ".parquet":
return "parquet"
raise ValueError(f"Unsupported dataset format: {files[0]}")
def _run_mlx_training(event_queue, stop_queue, config):
"""Self-contained MLX training path for Apple Silicon.
Uses MLXTrainer from unsloth_zoo directly -- no torch/SFTTrainer needed.
Mirrors the event_queue protocol so the parent process pump works unchanged.
"""
import time
import math
import threading
import queue as _queue
from pathlib import Path
def _send(event_type, **kwargs):
if event_type == "status" and "message" not in kwargs:
sm = kwargs.get("status_message")
if sm is not None:
kwargs["message"] = sm
event_queue.put({"type": event_type, "ts": time.time(), **kwargs})
_send("status", status_message = "Loading MLX libraries...")
import mlx.core as mx
try:
from unsloth_zoo.mlx.loader import FastMLXModel
from unsloth_zoo.mlx.trainer import (
MLXTrainer,
MLXTrainingConfig,
train_on_responses_only,
)
except ImportError as e:
raise ImportError(
"Unsloth: MLX training requires unsloth-zoo with the MLX modules "
"(unsloth_zoo.mlx.loader / unsloth_zoo.mlx.trainer). Reinstall via "
"install.sh on Apple Silicon."
) from e
from datasets import load_dataset
if mx.metal.is_available():
info = mx.device_info()
rec_bytes = info.get("max_recommended_working_set_size", 0) or 0
if rec_bytes > 0:
memory_cap = int(rec_bytes * 0.85)
wired_cap = min(int(rec_bytes), memory_cap)
mx.set_memory_limit(memory_cap)
mx.set_wired_limit(wired_cap)
model_name = config["model_name"]
hf_token = config.get("hf_token") or None
if hf_token:
os.environ["HF_TOKEN"] = hf_token
if config.get("use_loftq"):
message = "LoftQ is not supported for MLX training yet."
_send("error", error = message)
raise NotImplementedError(message)
optim_name = _normalize_mlx_studio_optimizer(config.get("optim", "adamw_8bit"))
lr_scheduler_type = _normalize_mlx_studio_scheduler(config.get("lr_scheduler_type", "linear"))
# ── 1. Load model ──
# Force text-only if the dataset is not an image dataset, even if the model
# has vision capabilities (e.g. Qwen3.5-VL trained on plain alpaca text).
_send("status", status_message = f"Loading {model_name}...")
is_dataset_image = bool(config.get("is_dataset_image", False))
training_type = config.get("training_type", "LoRA/QLoRA")
use_lora = training_type == "LoRA/QLoRA"
model, tokenizer = FastMLXModel.from_pretrained(
model_name,
load_in_4bit = config.get("load_in_4bit", True),
full_finetuning = not use_lora,
text_only = None if is_dataset_image else True,
token = hf_token,
trust_remote_code = bool(config.get("trust_remote_code", False)),
random_state = config.get("random_seed", 3407),
)
is_vlm = bool(is_dataset_image and getattr(model, "_is_vlm_model", False))
model._is_vlm_model = is_vlm
vision_image_size = config.get("vision_image_size")
# DeepSeek OCR uses a coupled preset tuple; skip resize like the Torch path.
_model_name_lower = str(config.get("model_name", "")).lower()
_is_deepseek_ocr = "deepseek" in _model_name_lower and "ocr" in _model_name_lower
if is_vlm and vision_image_size is not None and _is_deepseek_ocr:
_send(
"status",
status_message = (
"MLX vision image resize ignored for DeepSeek OCR (uses fixed Gundam preset)."
),
)
vision_image_size = None
elif is_vlm and vision_image_size is not None:
vision_image_size = int(vision_image_size)
_send(
"status",
status_message = f"MLX vision image resize: {vision_image_size} (max dimension)",
)
# ── 2. Apply LoRA / full FT ──
# Pass gradient_checkpointing as string ("mlx"/"unsloth"/"none"/etc.)
# get_peft_model and MLXTrainer both accept strings and handle them.
gc_setting = config.get("gradient_checkpointing", "mlx")
if isinstance(gc_setting, str):
use_grad_checkpoint = (
gc_setting if gc_setting.lower() not in ("false", "none", "") else False
)
else:
use_grad_checkpoint = gc_setting
if use_lora:
_send("status", status_message = "Configuring LoRA adapters...")
peft_kwargs = dict(
r = config.get("lora_r", 16),
lora_alpha = config.get("lora_alpha", 16),
lora_dropout = config.get("lora_dropout", 0.0),
use_rslora = config.get("use_rslora", False),
init_lora_weights = config.get("init_lora_weights", True),
random_state = config.get("random_seed", 3407),
target_modules = config.get("target_modules")
or [
"q_proj",
"k_proj",
"v_proj",
"o_proj",
"gate_proj",
"up_proj",
"down_proj",
],
use_gradient_checkpointing = use_grad_checkpoint,
)
finetune_language = config.get("finetune_language_layers", True)
finetune_attention = config.get("finetune_attention_modules", True)
finetune_mlp = config.get("finetune_mlp_modules", True)
finetune_vision = config.get("finetune_vision_layers", False) if is_vlm else False
if (finetune_attention or finetune_mlp) and not finetune_language and not finetune_vision:
finetune_language = True
peft_kwargs["finetune_language_layers"] = finetune_language
peft_kwargs["finetune_attention_modules"] = finetune_attention
peft_kwargs["finetune_mlp_modules"] = finetune_mlp
if is_vlm:
peft_kwargs["finetune_vision_layers"] = finetune_vision
model = FastMLXModel.get_peft_model(model, **peft_kwargs)
# ── 3. Load dataset ──
_send("status", status_message = "Loading dataset...")
hf_dataset = config.get("hf_dataset", "")
subset = config.get("subset")
train_split = config.get("train_split", "train") or "train"
eval_split = config.get("eval_split")
slice_start = config.get("dataset_slice_start")
slice_end = config.get("dataset_slice_end")
def _slice(ds):
if slice_start is not None or slice_end is not None:
start = slice_start if slice_start is not None else 0
end = slice_end if slice_end is not None else len(ds) - 1
if end < start:
return ds.select([])
ds = ds.select(range(start, min(end + 1, len(ds))))
return ds
def _load_local(file_paths):
from datasets import load_from_disk
if len(file_paths) == 1:
p = Path(file_paths[0])
if p.is_dir() and ((p / "dataset_info.json").exists() or (p / "state.json").exists()):
return load_from_disk(str(p))
all_files = _resolve_mlx_local_dataset_files(file_paths)
if not all_files:
raise ValueError("No local dataset files found")
loader = _mlx_local_dataset_loader_for_files(all_files)
return load_dataset(loader, data_files = all_files, split = "train")
if hf_dataset:
load_kwargs = {"split": train_split, "token": hf_token}
if subset:
load_kwargs["name"] = subset
dataset = load_dataset(hf_dataset, **load_kwargs)
dataset = _slice(dataset)
elif config.get("local_datasets"):
dataset = _load_local(config["local_datasets"])
dataset = _slice(dataset)
else:
raise ValueError("No dataset specified")
# Eval dataset (separate split or local file)
eval_dataset = None
if eval_split and hf_dataset:
eval_kwargs = {"split": eval_split, "token": hf_token}
if subset:
eval_kwargs["name"] = subset
try:
eval_dataset = load_dataset(hf_dataset, **eval_kwargs)
except Exception as e:
_send("status", status_message = f"Eval split load failed: {e}")
eval_dataset = None
elif config.get("local_eval_datasets"):
eval_dataset = _load_local(config["local_eval_datasets"])
# ── 3b. Format dataset (VLM or text) ──
# Reuse the GPU path's format pipeline for both VLM (auto-detects OCR/caption/
# llava/sharegpt+images) and text (alpaca/sharegpt/chatml → "text" column).
format_type = config.get("format_type", "")
try:
from utils.datasets import format_and_template_dataset
def _fmt_progress(status_message = "", **_kw):
_send("status", status_message = status_message)
if is_vlm:
_send("status", status_message = "Formatting VLM dataset...")
vlm_info = format_and_template_dataset(
dataset,
model_name = model_name,
tokenizer = tokenizer,
is_vlm = True,
dataset_name = hf_dataset or "local",
progress_callback = _fmt_progress,
)
if vlm_info.get("success"):
dataset = _adapt_for_mlx_vlm(
vlm_info["dataset"],
resize = vision_image_size,
)
else:
errors = vlm_info.get("errors", [])
raise ValueError(f"VLM dataset format conversion failed: {'; '.join(errors)}")
if eval_dataset is not None:
ev_info = format_and_template_dataset(
eval_dataset,
model_name = model_name,
tokenizer = tokenizer,
is_vlm = True,
dataset_name = hf_dataset or "local",
)
if ev_info.get("success"):
eval_dataset = _adapt_for_mlx_vlm(
ev_info["dataset"],
resize = vision_image_size,
)
elif format_type:
_send("status", status_message = f"Formatting dataset ({format_type})...")
info = format_and_template_dataset(
dataset,
model_name = model_name,
tokenizer = tokenizer,
is_vlm = False,
format_type = format_type,
dataset_name = hf_dataset or "local",
)
if info.get("success", True):
dataset = info.get("dataset", dataset)
if eval_dataset is not None:
ev = format_and_template_dataset(
eval_dataset,
model_name = model_name,
tokenizer = tokenizer,
is_vlm = False,
format_type = format_type,
dataset_name = hf_dataset or "local",
)
if ev.get("success", True):
eval_dataset = ev.get("dataset", eval_dataset)
except ImportError:
_send("status", status_message = "Format helper unavailable, using raw dataset")
# ── 4. Resolve training steps ──
max_steps = config.get("max_steps", 0) or 0
num_epochs = config.get("num_epochs", 3)
max_seq_length = config.get("max_seq_length", 2048)
batch_size = config.get("batch_size", 4)
grad_accum = config.get("gradient_accumulation_steps", 4)
if max_steps <= 0:
max_steps = max(
1,
math.ceil(len(dataset) / batch_size / grad_accum) * num_epochs,
)
lr_value = float(config.get("learning_rate", "2e-4"))
# Warmup: prefer warmup_steps; fall back to warmup_ratio
warmup_steps = config.get("warmup_steps")
warmup_ratio = config.get("warmup_ratio")
if warmup_steps is None and warmup_ratio is not None:
warmup_steps = int(round(warmup_ratio * max_steps))
if warmup_steps is None:
warmup_steps = 5
# ── 5. Build output dir ──
output_dir = config.get("output_dir", "")
if not output_dir:
output_dir = f"{model_name.replace('/', '_')}_{int(time.time())}"
# Resolve to ~/.unsloth/studio/outputs/ so the export page can find it
from utils.paths import resolve_output_dir, ensure_dir
output_dir = str(resolve_output_dir(output_dir))
ensure_dir(Path(output_dir))
# ── 6. Create trainer ──
eval_steps_val = config.get("eval_steps", 0) or 0
if isinstance(eval_steps_val, float) and 0 < eval_steps_val < 1:
# Studio sometimes sends fraction-of-total-steps
eval_steps_val = max(1, int(eval_steps_val * max_steps))
else:
eval_steps_val = int(eval_steps_val)
# MLX: per-element clip to [-1, 1]; norm clip disabled (it needs a
# global reduction that breaks MLX's eager pipeline). 1.0 (not 5.0):
# |g_i| > 5 rarely fires, so the historical 5.0 was effectively no-op.
max_grad_norm = 0.0
max_grad_value = 1.0 # TODO: expose MLX grad-clip in Studio UI for power users
trainer = MLXTrainer(
model = model,
tokenizer = tokenizer,
train_dataset = dataset,
eval_dataset = eval_dataset,
args = MLXTrainingConfig(
per_device_train_batch_size = batch_size,
gradient_accumulation_steps = grad_accum,
max_steps = max_steps,
learning_rate = lr_value,
warmup_steps = warmup_steps,
lr_scheduler_type = lr_scheduler_type,
optim = optim_name,
weight_decay = float(config.get("weight_decay", 0.001) or 0.001),
max_grad_norm = max_grad_norm,
max_grad_value = max_grad_value,
logging_steps = 1,
max_seq_length = max_seq_length,
seed = config.get("random_seed", 3407),
use_cce = True,
compile = True,
gradient_checkpointing = use_grad_checkpoint,
streaming = is_vlm,
packing = bool(config.get("packing", False)),
output_dir = output_dir,
save_steps = int(config.get("save_steps", 0) or 0),
eval_steps = eval_steps_val,
),
)
# Tell the parent that eval is configured so the frontend shows the eval chart
if eval_dataset is not None and eval_steps_val > 0:
_send("eval_configured")
# ── 7. Apply train_on_responses_only if requested ──
if config.get("train_on_completions", False):
_send("status", status_message = "Configuring response-only training...")
try:
from utils.datasets import (
MODEL_TO_TEMPLATE_MAPPER,
TEMPLATE_TO_RESPONSES_MAPPER,
)
template_name = MODEL_TO_TEMPLATE_MAPPER.get(model_name.lower())
markers = TEMPLATE_TO_RESPONSES_MAPPER.get(template_name) if template_name else None
if markers:
trainer = train_on_responses_only(
trainer,
instruction_part = markers["instruction"],
response_part = markers["response"],
)
else:
_send(
"status",
status_message = f"train_on_completions skipped (no template for {model_name})",
)
except Exception as e:
_send("status", status_message = f"train_on_completions failed: {e}")
# ── 8. Setup wandb / tensorboard ──
wandb_run = None
tb_writer = None
if config.get("enable_wandb", False):
try:
import wandb as _wandb
wandb_token = config.get("wandb_token")
if wandb_token:
os.environ["WANDB_API_KEY"] = wandb_token
_wandb_sensitive = {"hf_token", "wandb_token"}
wandb_run = _wandb.init(
project = config.get("wandb_project") or "unsloth-mlx",
config = {k: v for k, v in config.items() if k not in _wandb_sensitive},
reinit = True,
)
except Exception as e:
_send("status", status_message = f"wandb init failed: {e}")
if config.get("enable_tensorboard", False):
try:
from tensorboardX import SummaryWriter
except ImportError:
try:
from torch.utils.tensorboard import SummaryWriter
except ImportError:
SummaryWriter = None
if SummaryWriter is not None:
try:
tb_dir = config.get("tensorboard_dir") or f"{output_dir}/runs"
tb_writer = SummaryWriter(log_dir = tb_dir)
except Exception as e:
_send("status", status_message = f"tensorboard init failed: {e}")
else:
_send(
"status",
status_message = "tensorboard unavailable (install tensorboardX)",
)
# ── 9. Real-time progress callback ──
_send("status", status_message = f"Training {model_name}...")
def _on_step(
step,
total,
loss,
lr,
tok_s,
peak_gb,
elapsed,
num_tokens,
grad_norm = None,
):
eta = (elapsed / step * (total - step)) if step > 0 else 0
_send(
"progress",
step = step,
epoch = round(step / total * num_epochs, 2) if total > 0 else 0,
loss = loss,
learning_rate = lr,
total_steps = total,
elapsed_seconds = elapsed,
eta_seconds = max(0, eta),
grad_norm = grad_norm,
num_tokens = num_tokens,
eval_loss = None,
status_message = None,
peak_memory_gb = peak_gb,
)
if wandb_run is not None:
try:
wandb_run.log(
{
"train/loss": loss,
"train/learning_rate": lr,
"train/tokens_per_sec": tok_s,
"train/peak_gb": peak_gb,
"train/num_tokens": num_tokens,
**({"train/grad_norm": grad_norm} if grad_norm is not None else {}),
},
step = step,
)
except Exception:
pass
if tb_writer is not None:
try:
tb_writer.add_scalar("train/loss", loss, step)
tb_writer.add_scalar("train/learning_rate", lr, step)
tb_writer.add_scalar("train/tokens_per_sec", tok_s, step)
tb_writer.add_scalar("train/peak_gb", peak_gb, step)
if grad_norm is not None:
tb_writer.add_scalar("train/grad_norm", grad_norm, step)
except Exception:
pass
trainer.add_step_callback(_on_step)
def _on_eval(step, eval_loss, perplexity):
_send("progress", step = step, eval_loss = eval_loss)
if wandb_run is not None:
try:
wandb_run.log({"eval/loss": eval_loss, "eval/perplexity": perplexity}, step = step)
except Exception:
pass
if tb_writer is not None:
try:
tb_writer.add_scalar("eval/loss", eval_loss, step)
tb_writer.add_scalar("eval/perplexity", perplexity, step)
except Exception:
pass
trainer.add_eval_callback(_on_eval)
# ── 10. Stop signal polling ──
_stop_save = [True] # mutable so thread can update; [save_flag]
def _poll_stop():
while True:
try:
msg = stop_queue.get(timeout = 1.0)
if msg and msg.get("type") == "stop":
_stop_save[0] = msg.get("save", True)
trainer.stop_requested = True
return
except _queue.Empty:
continue
except (EOFError, OSError):
# why safe: pipe permanently broken, no further messages can arrive
return
stop_thread = threading.Thread(target = _poll_stop, daemon = True)
stop_thread.start()
# ── 11. Run training ──
gc.collect()
mx.synchronize()
trainer.train()
# ── 12. Save and finalize ──
if trainer.stop_requested and not _stop_save[0]:
# User clicked "Cancel" (save=False) — skip saving
_send("complete", output_dir = None, status_message = "Training cancelled")
else:
_send("status", status_message = "Saving model...")
mx.synchronize()
trainer.save_model(output_dir)
_send("complete", output_dir = output_dir, status_message = "Training completed")
if tb_writer is not None:
try:
tb_writer.close()
except Exception:
pass
if wandb_run is not None:
try:
wandb_run.finish()
except Exception:
pass
def run_training_process(*, event_queue: Any, stop_queue: Any, config: dict) -> None:
"""Subprocess entrypoint. Fresh Python — no stale module state.
Args:
event_queue: mp.Queue for sending progress/status/error events to parent.
stop_queue: mp.Queue for receiving stop commands from parent.
config: Training configuration dict with all parameters.
"""
os.environ["TOKENIZERS_PARALLELISM"] = "false"
os.environ["PYTHONWARNINGS"] = "ignore" # Suppress warnings at C-level before imports
# Offline auto-detect: skip ~25s of HF retries per call when DNS is
# dead. Scoped to this subprocess (orchestrator spawns a fresh one).
if "HF_HUB_OFFLINE" not in os.environ:
import socket as _socket
import threading as _threading
# Daemon thread so we don't mutate process-wide setdefaulttimeout.
_result: list = [None]
def _probe() -> None:
try:
_socket.gethostbyname("huggingface.co")
_result[0] = False
except Exception:
_result[0] = True
_t = _threading.Thread(target = _probe, daemon = True)
_t.start()
_t.join(2.0)
if _result[0] is None or _result[0] is True:
os.environ["HF_HUB_OFFLINE"] = "1"
os.environ.setdefault("TRANSFORMERS_OFFLINE", "1")
os.environ.setdefault("HF_DATASETS_OFFLINE", "1")
# logger isn't configured yet; print to stderr instead.
print(
"huggingface.co unreachable; HF_HUB_OFFLINE=1 set for this worker.",
file = sys.stderr,
flush = True,
)
import warnings
from loggers.config import LogConfig
if os.getenv("ENVIRONMENT_TYPE", "production") == "production":
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
LogConfig.setup_logging(
service_name = "unsloth-studio-training-worker",
env = os.getenv("ENVIRONMENT_TYPE", "production"),
)
apply_gpu_ids(config.get("resolved_gpu_ids"))
model_name = config["model_name"]
# ── 0. MLX FAST-PATH (must run before any torch/transformers imports) ──
# Apple Silicon uses MLXTrainer directly -- skip transformers version
# activation, causal-conv1d install, and torch imports entirely.
backend_path = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent)
if backend_path not in sys.path:
sys.path.insert(0, backend_path)
from utils.hardware import hardware as _hw
_hw.detect_hardware()
if _hw.DEVICE == _hw.DeviceType.MLX:
if config.get("is_dataset_audio"):
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": "Audio dataset training is not yet supported on Apple Silicon.",
"stack": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# Activate correct transformers version (Gemma-4 needs 5.5.0, etc.)
# Must happen before any transformers/mlx-lm imports in _run_mlx_training.
try:
_activate_transformers_version(model_name)
except Exception:
pass # Non-fatal: fall through with whatever version is installed
try:
_run_mlx_training(event_queue, stop_queue, config)
except Exception as exc:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": str(exc),
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── 1. Activate correct transformers version BEFORE any ML imports ──
try:
_activate_transformers_version(model_name)
except Exception as exc:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Failed to activate transformers version: {exc}",
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── 1a. Auto-enable trust_remote_code for NemotronH/Nano models ──
# NemotronH has config parsing bugs in transformers that require
# trust_remote_code=True as a workaround. Other transformers 5.x models
# (Qwen3.5, Gemma 4, etc.) are native and do NOT need it — enabling it
# bypasses the compiler (disabling fused CE).
# NOTE: Must NOT match Llama-Nemotron (standard Llama architecture).
_NEMOTRON_TRUST_SUBSTRINGS = ("nemotron_h", "nemotron-h", "nemotron-3-nano")
_lowered = model_name.lower()
if (
any(sub in _lowered for sub in _NEMOTRON_TRUST_SUBSTRINGS)
and (_lowered.startswith("unsloth/") or _lowered.startswith("nvidia/"))
and not config.get("trust_remote_code", False)
):
config["trust_remote_code"] = True
logger.info(
"Auto-enabled trust_remote_code for Nemotron model: %s",
model_name,
)
# ── 1b. Install fast-path kernel libraries for the chosen model.
#
# 1) causal-conv1d ALWAYS runs eagerly via the substring path.
# Some SSM modeling files (nemotron_h, falcon_h1, granitemoehybrid)
# use `lazy_load_kernel("causal-conv1d")` directly and never call
# transformers' `is_causal_conv1d_available()`, so the runtime
# hook on that gate would not fire for them.
# 2) FLA + tilelang: primary gate is the runtime hook on transformers'
# `is_flash_linear_attention_available`. Models whose architecture
# queries that gate auto-trigger the install; others never pay.
# `_install_fast_path_hooks` also wraps `is_causal_conv1d_available`
# as a defence in depth for newer modeling files that do use it.
# 3) mamba-ssm + flash-attn keep their existing substring / size gates.
# 4) `UNSLOTH_STUDIO_SKIP_FAST_PATH_HOOKS=1` falls back to the
# substring path for FLA / tilelang.
try:
_ensure_causal_conv1d_fast_path(event_queue, model_name)
if os.getenv(_FAST_PATH_HOOKS_SKIP_ENV) == "1":
_ensure_flash_linear_attention(event_queue, model_name)
_ensure_tilelang_backend(event_queue, model_name)
else:
_install_fast_path_hooks(event_queue, model_name)
_ensure_mamba_ssm(event_queue, model_name)
_ensure_flash_attn_for_long_context(
event_queue,
int(config.get("max_seq_length", 2048)),
)
except Exception as exc:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": (
f"Please choose another model to train, since "
f"a fast-path kernel library "
f"(causal-conv1d / flash-linear-attention / "
f"mamba-ssm / tilelang) failed to install "
f"with error: {exc}"
),
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── 1c. Set fork start method so dataset.map() can multiprocess ──
# The parent launched us via spawn (clean process), but the compiled
# SFTTrainer checks get_start_method() and disables num_proc if not "fork".
# Linux only: fork is the default start method and is safe here (no CUDA
# context exists yet). macOS defaults to spawn since Python 3.8 because
# fork is unsafe with macOS frameworks (Metal/MPS, CoreFoundation) --
# do NOT override on macOS. Windows has no fork at all.
if sys.platform == "linux":
import multiprocessing as _mp
try:
_mp.set_start_method("fork", force = True)
except RuntimeError:
pass # Already set
# ── 1c. On Windows, check Triton availability (must be before import torch) ──
if sys.platform == "win32":
try:
import triton # noqa: F401
logger.info("Triton available — torch.compile enabled")
except ImportError:
os.environ["TORCHDYNAMO_DISABLE"] = "1"
logger.warning(
"Triton not found on Windows — torch.compile disabled. "
'Install for better performance: pip install "triton-windows<3.7"'
)
# ── 1d. Stub torchao on Windows ROCm ──
# Shared with the export worker; see core/_torchao_stub.py for the full
# rationale (torchao -> torch.distributed._functional_collectives crashes on
# Windows ROCm because the RCCL backend is absent). No-op off Windows ROCm.
# Must run before any import of transformers / unsloth_zoo.
from core._torchao_stub import install_torchao_windows_rocm_stub
install_torchao_windows_rocm_stub()
# ── 1e. Ensure torch.distributed helper attrs are present ──
# Single-GPU training never initialises the process group, so these helpers
# are never called — but transformers/trl import them unconditionally.
_td_stubs = {
"is_initialized": lambda: False,
"is_available": lambda: False,
"is_torchelastic_launched": lambda: False,
"get_rank": lambda: 0,
"get_world_size": lambda: 1,
"barrier": lambda: None,
}
try:
import torch.distributed as _td
for _name, _stub in _td_stubs.items():
if not hasattr(_td, _name):
setattr(_td, _name, _stub)
except Exception:
_td_mock = types.ModuleType("torch.distributed")
for _name, _stub in _td_stubs.items():
setattr(_td_mock, _name, _stub)
sys.modules["torch.distributed"] = _td_mock
try:
import torch as _torch
_torch.distributed = _td_mock
except Exception:
pass
# ── 1f. Windows ROCm runtime patches ──
# torch._grouped_mm has a null HIP kernel on gfx1200 (ROCm ≤ 7.12 Windows),
# causing 0xC0000005 (access violation) during training.
#
# Root cause: the JitDecomp autograd decomposition system (NOT torch.compile)
# dispatches _grouped_mm → _fused_adagrad_ → _grouped_mm HIP → null crash.
# TORCHDYNAMO_DISABLE=1 stops the compiler frontend but does NOT stop
# JitDecomp, so we must also override the CUDA dispatch key for _grouped_mm
# with a safe Python fallback.
#
# Fixed in AMD's wheel: torch==2.11.0+rocm7.13.0 — the 3-D batch and grouped
# (with offs) variants of _grouped_mm now have working HIP kernels on gfx1200.
# We gate the dispatch override on HIP < 7.13 so users on the fixed wheel get
# the real GPU kernel rather than our Python fallback.
#
# Verified: null on torch==2.10.0+rocm7.12.0; fixed on torch==2.11.0+rocm7.13.0.
#
# Schema: _grouped_mm(Tensor self, Tensor mat2, Tensor? offs=None,
# Tensor? bias=None, ScalarType? out_dtype=None) -> Tensor
# offs: optional group-split offsets (MoE-style variable-size batches)
#
# torch is already in sys.modules from section 1e's `import torch.distributed`.
# Module-level _WINDOWS_ROCM_GROUPED_MM_LIB keeps the registration alive past
# function return / mid-run GC.
global _WINDOWS_ROCM_GROUPED_MM_LIB
if sys.platform == "win32":
_torch_for_rocm = sys.modules.get("torch")
# Broad check: torch.version.hip OR "rocm" in torch.__version__.
# AMD SDK / Radeon Windows wheels do not always populate
# torch.version.hip; without the broad check the BNB version pin,
# dynamo-disable, and _grouped_mm fallback below silently skip
# (matches the torchao stub gate above and main.py).
_build_version_for_rocm = (
getattr(_torch_for_rocm, "__version__", "").lower()
if _torch_for_rocm is not None
else ""
)
_is_win_rocm_torch = bool(
_torch_for_rocm is not None
and (
getattr(getattr(_torch_for_rocm, "version", None), "hip", None)
or "rocm" in _build_version_for_rocm
)
)
if _is_win_rocm_torch:
# Disable dynamo (belt-and-suspenders; JitDecomp patch below is the
# real fix, but keeping dynamo off avoids any other compile paths).
if "TORCHDYNAMO_DISABLE" not in os.environ:
os.environ["TORCHDYNAMO_DISABLE"] = "1"
logger.info("Windows ROCm: torch.compile (dynamo) disabled")
# BNB auto-detects the HIP version from torch.version.hip and uses
# it to choose which DLL to load (e.g. "7.13" → rocm713.dll).
# AMD's Windows BNB prerelease wheel ships only one rocm DLL, and its
# version suffix does not always match the torch HIP version (e.g.
# torch==2.11.0+rocm7.13.0 ships HIP 7.13, but the BNB wheel still
# ships rocm72.dll). We detect the actual DLL name from the installed
# package and override BNB's auto-detection. "72" is a safe fallback
# if detection fails. Callers may override by pre-setting the var.
if "BNB_ROCM_VERSION" not in os.environ:
_bnb_rocm_ver = None
try:
import glob as _glob
import importlib.util as _ilu
import re as _re
_bnb_spec = _ilu.find_spec("bitsandbytes")
if _bnb_spec and _bnb_spec.submodule_search_locations:
_all_vers: list[str] = []
for _pkg_dir in _bnb_spec.submodule_search_locations:
for _dll in _glob.glob(
os.path.join(_pkg_dir, "libbitsandbytes_rocm*.dll")
):
_m = _re.search(
r"libbitsandbytes_rocm(\d+)\.dll",
os.path.basename(_dll),
)
if _m:
_all_vers.append(_m.group(1))
# Pick the highest numeric suffix so that e.g. "713"
# wins over "72" when both variants are present.
# Filesystem glob order is not guaranteed, so always
# sort rather than stopping at the first match.
if _all_vers:
_bnb_rocm_ver = max(_all_vers, key = lambda v: int(v))
except Exception:
pass
_bnb_rocm_ver = _bnb_rocm_ver or "72"
os.environ["BNB_ROCM_VERSION"] = _bnb_rocm_ver
logger.info(
"Windows ROCm: set BNB_ROCM_VERSION=%s "
"(detected from installed BNB wheel; "
"overrides torch.version.hip auto-detection)",
_bnb_rocm_ver,
)
# Parse HIP version for the kernel-fix gate below.
# torch.version.hip can be "7.13.99004", "7.2.0", etc.
# AMD SDK / Radeon wheels may leave torch.version.hip unset and
# encode the ROCm version in torch.__version__ instead
# (e.g. "2.11.0+rocm7.13.0" or "2.9.0+rocmsdk20251116"); fall back
# to that string when version.hip is missing.
def _hip_ver_at_least(major: int, minor: int) -> bool:
_hip_str = getattr(getattr(_torch_for_rocm, "version", None), "hip", None)
if not _hip_str:
# Try the standard "+rocmX.Y.Z" embedded version first
# (e.g. "2.11.0+rocm7.13.0").
_ver_match = re.search(r"rocm(\d+)\.(\d+)", _build_version_for_rocm)
if _ver_match:
return (
int(_ver_match.group(1)),
int(_ver_match.group(2)),
) >= (major, minor)
# AMD SDK / Radeon Windows wheels encode the build as
# "+rocmsdk<date>" (e.g. "2.9.0+rocmsdk20251116") with no
# explicit rocmX.Y component. The rocmsdk format was
# introduced after the gfx120X null-kernel fix landed in
# ROCm 7.13, so any wheel with this suffix is new enough to
# have working HIP kernels. Treat as >= 7.13 rather than
# falling back to False and installing the Python workaround
# on a wheel that doesn't need it.
if "rocmsdk" in _build_version_for_rocm:
logger.debug(
"Windows ROCm: AMD SDK wheel detected (%r); "
"assuming HIP >= %d.%d (rocmsdk wheels post-date "
"the gfx120X null-kernel fix)",
_build_version_for_rocm,
major,
minor,
)
return True
return False
try:
_parts = [int(x) for x in str(_hip_str).split(".")[:2]]
if len(_parts) < 2:
logger.warning(
"Windows ROCm: torch.version.hip %r has fewer than "
"two components; cannot compare against %d.%d",
_hip_str,
major,
minor,
)
return False
return (_parts[0], _parts[1]) >= (major, minor)
except ValueError:
logger.warning(
"Windows ROCm: could not parse torch.version.hip %r as "
"a version number; assuming HIP < %d.%d",
_hip_str,
major,
minor,
)
return False
# _grouped_mm HIP kernel was null on gfx1200 in ROCm ≤ 7.12,
# causing 0xC0000005. AMD fixed it in ROCm 7.13 (torch 2.11+).
# Only install the Python fallback on the affected versions so users
# on 7.13+ get the real GPU kernel for MoE workloads.
if not _hip_ver_at_least(7, 13):
try:
import warnings as _warnings
_gm_lib = _torch_for_rocm.library.Library("aten", "IMPL")
def _grouped_mm_safe_impl(
self,
mat2,
offs = None,
bias = None,
out_dtype = None,
):
"""Python mm/bmm fallback for _grouped_mm on gfx1200 (null HIP kernel, ROCm ≤ 7.12)."""
_t = _torch_for_rocm
if offs is None:
# No offsets: behave like the real op, which
# accepts either (M, K) x (K, N) -> mm, or 3-D
# batched inputs -> bmm. Picking torch.mm
# unconditionally previously raised "self must be
# a matrix" on 3-D MoE workloads.
if self.dim() == 3 and mat2.dim() == 3:
result = _t.bmm(self.contiguous(), mat2.contiguous())
elif self.dim() == 3 and mat2.dim() == 2:
# Broadcast 2-D mat2 across the batch dim.
result = _t.matmul(self.contiguous(), mat2.contiguous())
elif self.dim() == 2 and mat2.dim() == 3:
# Broadcast 2-D self across batch via matmul semantics.
result = _t.matmul(self.contiguous(), mat2.contiguous())
else:
result = _t.mm(self.contiguous(), mat2.contiguous())
else:
# Grouped case: offs[i] is the exclusive end-row of
# group i in `self`; mat2 may be 3-D or 2-D.
offs_list = offs.tolist()
pieces = []
prev = 0
for idx, end in enumerate(offs_list):
end = int(end)
a_part = self[prev:end].contiguous()
if mat2.dim() == 3:
b_part = mat2[idx].contiguous()
else:
b_part = mat2.contiguous()
pieces.append(_t.mm(a_part, b_part))
prev = end
# Include any trailing rows not covered by offs
if prev < self.shape[0]:
a_tail = self[prev:].contiguous()
b_tail = (
mat2[-1].contiguous() if mat2.dim() == 3 else mat2.contiguous()
)
pieces.append(_t.mm(a_tail, b_tail))
result = (
_t.cat(pieces, dim = 0)
if pieces
else _t.zeros(
0,
mat2.shape[-1],
device = self.device,
dtype = self.dtype,
)
)
if bias is not None:
result = result + bias
if out_dtype is not None:
result = result.to(out_dtype)
elif result.dtype != self.dtype:
result = result.to(self.dtype)
return result
with _warnings.catch_warnings():
_warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
_gm_lib.impl("_grouped_mm", _grouped_mm_safe_impl, "CUDA")
_WINDOWS_ROCM_GROUPED_MM_LIB = _gm_lib # prevent GC
logger.info(
"Windows ROCm: patched _grouped_mm CUDA dispatch "
"(null HIP kernel on gfx1200, ROCm ≤ 7.12 — "
"bypassed with Python mm fallback)"
)
except Exception as _patch_exc:
logger.warning(
"Windows ROCm: could not patch _grouped_mm — "
"training may crash with 0xC0000005: %s",
_patch_exc,
)
else:
logger.info(
"Windows ROCm: HIP >= 7.13 — _grouped_mm kernel is functional, "
"skipping Python fallback (AMD fixed gfx1200 null kernel in ROCm 7.13)"
)
# ── 1g. ROCm OOM guard ──
# On RDNA 4 (gfx1200/gfx1201) and other ROCm GPUs, exhausting VRAM can
# cause a HIP driver hang that freezes the entire system rather than
# raising a Python exception. set_per_process_memory_fraction caps the
# HIP allocator so PyTorch raises OutOfMemoryError before hitting the
# hardware limit, giving the UI a clean error instead of a system freeze.
# Only applied on ROCm -- NVIDIA CUDA has a graceful OOM path and does
# not need this cap.
# Unified-memory APUs (gfx1150 Strix Point / gfx1151 Strix Halo) share GPU
# and system RAM in one pool: 0.90 of 128 GB starves the OS. Use 0.80 there.
# Primary classifier: gcnArchName from device properties — stable within a
# product family and naming-independent. AMD SDK / Radeon wheels may omit
# gcnArchName or expose it under a variant spelling, so we try several attr
# names then fall back to known device-name markers as a last resort.
# Non-fatal: silently skipped if torch is not importable.
if _hw.IS_ROCM:
try:
import torch as _torch_mem
if _torch_mem.cuda.is_available():
# Classify unified vs discrete via _rocm_classify_unified_memory.
# See that function's docstring for classification priority.
_props = _torch_mem.cuda.get_device_properties(0)
_dev_name = _props.name
_gcn_arch, _is_unified = _rocm_classify_unified_memory(_props)
if _is_unified and not _gcn_arch:
logger.debug(
"ROCm OOM guard: gcnArchName absent -- inferred "
"unified memory from device name %r; applying 0.80 cap",
_dev_name,
)
_mem_fraction = 0.80 if _is_unified else 0.90
_torch_mem.cuda.set_per_process_memory_fraction(_mem_fraction)
logger.info(
"ROCm OOM guard: set_per_process_memory_fraction(%.2f) — "
"%s memory host (%s, %s)",
_mem_fraction,
"unified" if _is_unified else "discrete",
_dev_name,
_gcn_arch or "unknown arch",
)
except Exception as _oom_guard_err:
logger.debug("Could not set GPU memory fraction: %s", _oom_guard_err)
# ── 2. Now import ML libraries (fresh in this clean process) ──
try:
_send_status(event_queue, "Importing Unsloth...")
backend_path = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent)
if backend_path not in sys.path:
sys.path.insert(0, backend_path)
from core.training.trainer import UnslothTrainer, TrainingProgress
from utils.paths import (
ensure_dir,
resolve_output_dir,
resolve_tensorboard_dir,
datasets_root,
)
import transformers
logger.info("Subprocess loaded transformers %s", transformers.__version__)
except Exception as exc:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Failed to import ML libraries: {exc}",
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── 2b. EMBEDDING MODEL FAST-PATH ──
# Embedding models use a completely different pipeline (FastSentenceTransformer
# + SentenceTransformerTrainer + MultipleNegativesRankingLoss) so we branch
# early and handle the entire flow in a self-contained function.
if config.get("is_embedding", False):
try:
_run_embedding_training(event_queue, stop_queue, config)
except Exception as exc:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": str(exc),
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── 3. Create a fresh trainer instance ──
trainer = UnslothTrainer()
# Wire up progress callback → event_queue
def _on_progress(progress: TrainingProgress):
has_train_loss = progress.step > 0 and progress.loss is not None
has_eval_loss = progress.eval_loss is not None
if has_train_loss or has_eval_loss:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "progress",
"step": progress.step,
"epoch": progress.epoch,
"loss": progress.loss,
"learning_rate": progress.learning_rate,
"total_steps": progress.total_steps,
"elapsed_seconds": progress.elapsed_seconds,
"eta_seconds": progress.eta_seconds,
"grad_norm": progress.grad_norm,
"num_tokens": progress.num_tokens,
"eval_loss": progress.eval_loss,
"status_message": progress.status_message,
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
if progress.status_message:
_send_status(event_queue, progress.status_message)
trainer.add_progress_callback(_on_progress)
# Wire up stop_queue polling to trainer.should_stop
import threading
import queue as _queue
def _poll_stop():
while True:
try:
msg = stop_queue.get(timeout = 1.0)
if msg and msg.get("type") == "stop":
save = msg.get("save", True)
trainer.should_stop = True
trainer.save_on_stop = save
logger.info("Stop signal received (save=%s)", save)
return
except _queue.Empty:
continue
except (EOFError, OSError):
return
stop_thread = threading.Thread(target = _poll_stop, daemon = True)
stop_thread.start()
# ── 4. Execute the training pipeline ──
# Order: detect → dataset → model → prepare → train
# Dataset processing (including LLM-assisted detection) runs BEFORE model
# loading so both never occupy VRAM at the same time.
try:
hf_token = config.get("hf_token", "")
hf_token = hf_token if hf_token and hf_token.strip() else None
# ── 4a. Lightweight detection + tokenizer (no VRAM) ──
_send_status(event_queue, "Detecting model type...")
trainer.pre_detect_and_load_tokenizer(
model_name = model_name,
max_seq_length = config["max_seq_length"],
hf_token = hf_token,
is_dataset_image = config.get("is_dataset_image", False),
is_dataset_audio = config.get("is_dataset_audio", False),
trust_remote_code = config.get("trust_remote_code", False),
)
if trainer.should_stop:
event_queue.put({"type": "complete", "output_dir": None, "ts": time.time()})
return
# ── 4b. Load and format dataset (LLM helper may use VRAM briefly) ──
_send_status(event_queue, "Loading and formatting dataset...")
hf_dataset = config.get("hf_dataset", "")
training_type = config.get("training_type", "LoRA/QLoRA")
_is_cpt_for_dataset = training_type == "Continued Pretraining"
dataset_result = trainer.load_and_format_dataset(
dataset_source = hf_dataset if hf_dataset and hf_dataset.strip() else None,
format_type = config.get("format_type", ""),
local_datasets = config.get("local_datasets") or None,
local_eval_datasets = config.get("local_eval_datasets") or None,
custom_format_mapping = config.get("custom_format_mapping"),
subset = config.get("subset"),
train_split = config.get("train_split", "train"),
eval_split = config.get("eval_split"),
eval_steps = config.get("eval_steps", 0.00),
dataset_slice_start = config.get("dataset_slice_start"),
dataset_slice_end = config.get("dataset_slice_end"),
is_cpt = _is_cpt_for_dataset,
)
if isinstance(dataset_result, tuple):
dataset, eval_dataset = dataset_result
else:
dataset = dataset_result
eval_dataset = None
# [DEBUG] Print first sample before model is loaded
# dataset is a dict {"dataset": <Dataset>, "detected_format": ..., ...}
# or a raw Dataset for audio paths
# try:
# ds = dataset["dataset"] if isinstance(dataset, dict) else dataset
# print(
# f"\n[DEBUG] Dataset loaded BEFORE model. type={type(ds).__name__}, len={len(ds)}",
# flush = True,
# )
# print(f"[DEBUG] Columns: {ds.column_names}", flush = True)
# sample = ds[0]
# preview = {k: str(v)[:300] for k, v in sample.items()}
# print(f"[DEBUG] First sample: {preview}\n", flush = True)
# except Exception as e:
# print(
# f"[DEBUG] Could not preview first sample: {type(e).__name__}: {e}",
# flush = True,
# )
# Disable eval if eval_steps <= 0
eval_steps = config.get("eval_steps", 0.00)
if eval_steps is not None and float(eval_steps) <= 0:
eval_dataset = None
# Tell the parent process that eval is configured so the frontend
# shows "Waiting for first evaluation step..." instead of "not configured"
if eval_dataset is not None:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "eval_configured",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
if dataset is None or trainer.should_stop:
if trainer.should_stop:
event_queue.put({"type": "complete", "output_dir": None, "ts": time.time()})
else:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": trainer.training_progress.error or "Failed to load dataset",
"stack": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── Start tqdm monitor early so it captures download + tokenization bars ──
import threading as _th
_tqdm_stop = _th.Event()
def _monitor_tqdm():
from tqdm.auto import tqdm as _tqdm_cls
while not _tqdm_stop.is_set():
for bar in list(getattr(_tqdm_cls, "_instances", set())):
try:
n, total = bar.n or 0, bar.total or 0
desc = getattr(bar, "desc", "") or ""
if total > 0 and n > 0 and desc:
pct = min(int(n * 100 / total), 100)
_send_status(event_queue, f"{desc.strip()} {pct}% ({n:,}/{total:,})")
except (AttributeError, ReferenceError):
pass
_tqdm_stop.wait(3)
_tqdm_thread = _th.Thread(target = _monitor_tqdm, daemon = True)
_tqdm_thread.start()
training_type = config.get("training_type", "LoRA/QLoRA")
is_cpt = training_type == "Continued Pretraining"
use_lora = training_type in ("LoRA/QLoRA", "Continued Pretraining")
cpt_trains_embeddings = False
# ── 4c. Load training model (uses VRAM — dataset already formatted) ──
_send_status(event_queue, "Loading model...")
success = trainer.load_model(
model_name = model_name,
max_seq_length = config["max_seq_length"],
load_in_4bit = config["load_in_4bit"],
full_finetuning = not use_lora,
hf_token = hf_token,
is_dataset_image = config.get("is_dataset_image", False),
is_dataset_audio = config.get("is_dataset_audio", False),
trust_remote_code = config.get("trust_remote_code", False),
gpu_ids = config.get("resolved_gpu_ids"),
)
if not success or trainer.should_stop:
if trainer.should_stop:
event_queue.put({"type": "complete", "output_dir": None, "ts": time.time()})
else:
error_msg = trainer.training_progress.error or "Failed to load model"
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": error_msg,
"stack": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── 4d. Prepare model (LoRA, full finetuning, or CPT) ──
if is_cpt:
_send_status(event_queue, "Configuring LoRA for continued pretraining...")
# embed_tokens (if the user included it) goes to modules_to_save —
# trained full-precision at embedding_learning_rate. lm_head stays as
# a LoRA target for merge compatibility (see unsloth PR #4106).
_user_modules = config.get("target_modules") or []
wants_embed = "embed_tokens" in _user_modules
cpt_trains_embeddings = wants_embed
cpt_target_modules = [m for m in _user_modules if m != "embed_tokens"]
if not cpt_target_modules:
cpt_target_modules = [
"q_proj",
"k_proj",
"v_proj",
"o_proj",
"gate_proj",
"up_proj",
"down_proj",
"lm_head",
]
success = trainer.prepare_model_for_training(
use_lora = True,
target_modules = cpt_target_modules,
modules_to_save = ["embed_tokens"] if wants_embed else None,
lora_r = config.get("lora_r", 128),
lora_alpha = config.get("lora_alpha", 32),
lora_dropout = config.get("lora_dropout", 0.0),
use_gradient_checkpointing = config.get("gradient_checkpointing", "unsloth"),
use_rslora = config.get("use_rslora", False),
use_loftq = config.get("use_loftq", False),
)
elif use_lora:
_send_status(event_queue, "Configuring LoRA adapters...")
success = trainer.prepare_model_for_training(
use_lora = True,
finetune_vision_layers = config.get("finetune_vision_layers", True),
finetune_language_layers = config.get("finetune_language_layers", True),
finetune_attention_modules = config.get("finetune_attention_modules", True),
finetune_mlp_modules = config.get("finetune_mlp_modules", True),
target_modules = config.get("target_modules"),
lora_r = config.get("lora_r", 16),
lora_alpha = config.get("lora_alpha", 16),
lora_dropout = config.get("lora_dropout", 0.0),
use_gradient_checkpointing = config.get("gradient_checkpointing", "unsloth"),
use_rslora = config.get("use_rslora", False),
use_loftq = config.get("use_loftq", False),
)
else:
_send_status(event_queue, "Preparing model for full finetuning...")
success = trainer.prepare_model_for_training(use_lora = False)
if not success or trainer.should_stop:
if trainer.should_stop:
event_queue.put({"type": "complete", "output_dir": None, "ts": time.time()})
else:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": trainer.training_progress.error or "Failed to prepare model",
"stack": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
lr_default = "5e-5" if is_cpt else "2e-4"
try:
lr_value = float(config.get("learning_rate", lr_default))
except ValueError:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Invalid learning rate: {config.get('learning_rate')}",
"stack": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# embedding_learning_rate is validated by the Pydantic model (Optional[float],
# gt=0, lt=1.0); if present it is already a finite float in range.
embedding_lr_value = config.get("embedding_learning_rate")
if is_cpt:
if cpt_trains_embeddings:
if embedding_lr_value is None:
# Default embedding_learning_rate = lr/10 per Unsloth's CPT notebook.
embedding_lr_value = lr_value / 10.0
logger.info(
f"CPT: using default embedding_learning_rate={embedding_lr_value:.1e} "
f"(lr/10). Set explicitly to override.\n"
)
elif embedding_lr_value is not None:
logger.warning(
"CPT: embedding_learning_rate was provided but embed_tokens is "
"not being trained; ignoring the override.\n"
)
embedding_lr_value = None
# Generate output dir
resume_from_checkpoint = config.get("resume_from_checkpoint")
output_dir = config.get("output_dir") or _output_dir_from_resume_checkpoint(
resume_from_checkpoint
)
if not output_dir:
output_dir = f"{model_name.replace('/', '_')}_{int(time.time())}"
output_dir = str(resolve_output_dir(output_dir))
ensure_dir(Path(output_dir))
tensorboard_dir = config.get("tensorboard_dir")
if config.get("enable_tensorboard", False):
tensorboard_dir = str(resolve_tensorboard_dir(tensorboard_dir))
ensure_dir(Path(tensorboard_dir))
# Start training (directly — no inner thread, we ARE the subprocess)
dataset_display = config.get("hf_dataset", "") or config.get("uploaded_file", "") or ""
_send_status(
event_queue,
f'Training "{model_name}"'
+ (f"\nDataset = {dataset_display}" if dataset_display else ""),
)
max_steps = config.get("max_steps", 0)
save_steps = config.get("save_steps", 0)
trainer._train_worker(
dataset,
output_dir = output_dir,
num_epochs = config.get("num_epochs", 3),
learning_rate = lr_value,
embedding_learning_rate = embedding_lr_value,
batch_size = config.get("batch_size", 2),
gradient_accumulation_steps = config.get("gradient_accumulation_steps", 4),
warmup_steps = config.get("warmup_steps"),
warmup_ratio = config.get("warmup_ratio"),
max_steps = max_steps if max_steps and max_steps > 0 else 0,
save_steps = save_steps if save_steps and save_steps > 0 else 0,
weight_decay = config.get("weight_decay", 0.001),
random_seed = config.get("random_seed", 3407),
packing = config.get("packing", False),
train_on_completions = False if is_cpt else config.get("train_on_completions", False),
enable_wandb = config.get("enable_wandb", False),
wandb_project = config.get("wandb_project", "unsloth-training"),
wandb_token = config.get("wandb_token"),
enable_tensorboard = config.get("enable_tensorboard", False),
tensorboard_dir = tensorboard_dir,
eval_dataset = eval_dataset,
eval_steps = eval_steps,
max_seq_length = config.get("max_seq_length", 2048),
vision_image_size = config.get("vision_image_size"),
optim = config.get("optim", "adamw_8bit"),
lr_scheduler_type = config.get("lr_scheduler_type", "linear"),
is_cpt = is_cpt,
resume_from_checkpoint = resume_from_checkpoint,
)
_tqdm_stop.set()
# Check final state
progress = trainer.get_training_progress()
if progress.error:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": progress.error,
"stack": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
else:
saved_output_dir = (
None if trainer.should_stop and not trainer.save_on_stop else output_dir
)
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "complete",
"output_dir": saved_output_dir,
"status_message": progress.status_message or "Training completed",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
except Exception as exc:
_exc_str = str(exc).lower()
_is_oom = (
"out of memory" in _exc_str
or "hip out of memory" in _exc_str
or "cuda out of memory" in _exc_str
or type(exc).__name__ == "OutOfMemoryError"
)
if _is_oom:
_oom_msg = (
"GPU ran out of VRAM during training.\n"
"To fix: reduce max_seq_length (e.g. 20484096), enable "
"gradient_checkpointing=True, lower per_device_train_batch_size, "
"or use a smaller model / higher quantization."
)
logger.error("Training stopped: GPU OOM — %s", exc)
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": _oom_msg,
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
else:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": str(exc),
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
def _send_status(event_queue: Any, message: str) -> None:
"""Send a status update to the parent process."""
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "status",
"message": message,
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
def _run_embedding_training(event_queue: Any, stop_queue: Any, config: dict) -> None:
"""Self-contained embedding model training pipeline.
Uses FastSentenceTransformer + SentenceTransformerTrainer +
MultipleNegativesRankingLoss — completely separate from the
LLM/VLM/audio paths in UnslothTrainer.
Mirrors the pattern from the reference embedding notebooks:
All_MiniLM_L6_v2.py, BGE_M3.py, EmbeddingGemma_300M.py,
ModernBert.py, Qwen3_Embedding_0_6B.py
"""
import math
import queue as _queue
import threading
model_name = config["model_name"]
training_start_time = time.time()
# ── 1. Import embedding-specific libraries ──
_send_status(event_queue, "Importing embedding libraries...")
try:
from unsloth import FastSentenceTransformer, is_bfloat16_supported
from sentence_transformers import (
SentenceTransformerTrainer,
SentenceTransformerTrainingArguments,
)
from sentence_transformers.losses import MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
from sentence_transformers.training_args import BatchSamplers
from datasets import load_dataset, Dataset
from transformers import TrainerCallback
from utils.paths import datasets_root, resolve_output_dir
except ImportError as e:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Failed to import embedding libraries: {e}. "
"Ensure 'sentence_transformers' and 'unsloth' are installed.",
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── Stop signal handling ──
_should_stop = False
_save_on_stop = True
def _poll_stop():
nonlocal _should_stop, _save_on_stop
while True:
try:
msg = stop_queue.get(timeout = 1.0)
if msg and msg.get("type") == "stop":
_save_on_stop = msg.get("save", True)
_should_stop = True
logger.info(
"Embedding training: stop signal received (save=%s)",
_save_on_stop,
)
return
except _queue.Empty:
continue
except (EOFError, OSError):
return
stop_thread = threading.Thread(target = _poll_stop, daemon = True)
stop_thread.start()
# ── 2. Load model ──
_send_status(event_queue, "Loading embedding model...")
try:
hf_token = config.get("hf_token", "")
hf_token = hf_token if hf_token and hf_token.strip() else None
max_seq_length = config.get("max_seq_length", 512)
training_type = config.get("training_type", "LoRA/QLoRA")
use_lora = training_type == "LoRA/QLoRA"
model = FastSentenceTransformer.from_pretrained(
model_name = model_name,
max_seq_length = max_seq_length,
full_finetuning = not use_lora,
token = hf_token,
)
except Exception as e:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Failed to load embedding model '{model_name}': {e}",
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
if _should_stop:
event_queue.put({"type": "complete", "output_dir": None, "ts": time.time()})
return
# ── 3. Apply LoRA ──
if use_lora:
_send_status(event_queue, "Configuring LoRA adapters (FEATURE_EXTRACTION)...")
try:
gradient_checkpointing = config.get("gradient_checkpointing", False)
# Normalize: "none" or empty → False
if gradient_checkpointing in ("none", "", None):
gradient_checkpointing = False
model = FastSentenceTransformer.get_peft_model(
model,
r = config.get("lora_r", 32),
target_modules = config.get("target_modules")
or ["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj"],
lora_alpha = config.get("lora_alpha", 64),
lora_dropout = config.get("lora_dropout", 0.0),
bias = "none",
use_gradient_checkpointing = gradient_checkpointing,
random_state = config.get("random_seed", 3407),
use_rslora = config.get("use_rslora", False),
loftq_config = {"loftq_bits": 4, "loftq_iter": 1}
if config.get("use_loftq")
else None,
task_type = "FEATURE_EXTRACTION",
)
except Exception as e:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Failed to configure LoRA for embedding model: {e}",
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
if _should_stop:
event_queue.put({"type": "complete", "output_dir": None, "ts": time.time()})
return
# ── 4. Load dataset ──
_send_status(event_queue, "Loading dataset...")
try:
hf_dataset = config.get("hf_dataset", "")
local_datasets = config.get("local_datasets") or []
subset = config.get("subset") or None
train_split = config.get("train_split", "train") or "train"
if hf_dataset and hf_dataset.strip():
hf_token = config.get("hf_token", "")
hf_token = hf_token if hf_token and hf_token.strip() else None
dataset = load_dataset(
hf_dataset.strip(),
subset,
split = train_split,
token = hf_token,
)
elif local_datasets:
# Load from local file(s) — mirrors the non-embedding pipeline's
# directory handling so recipe outputs (parquet-files/) work.
all_files: list[str] = []
for dataset_file in local_datasets:
file_path = (
dataset_file
if os.path.isabs(dataset_file)
else os.path.join(
str(datasets_root()),
dataset_file,
)
)
if os.path.isdir(file_path):
file_path_obj = Path(file_path)
parquet_dir = (
file_path_obj / "parquet-files"
if (file_path_obj / "parquet-files").exists()
else file_path_obj
)
parquet_files = sorted(parquet_dir.glob("*.parquet"))
if parquet_files:
all_files.extend(str(p) for p in parquet_files)
continue
candidates: list[Path] = []
for ext in (".json", ".jsonl", ".csv", ".parquet"):
candidates.extend(sorted(file_path_obj.glob(f"*{ext}")))
if candidates:
all_files.extend(str(c) for c in candidates)
continue
raise ValueError(f"No supported data files in directory: {file_path_obj}")
else:
all_files.append(file_path)
if all_files:
first_ext = Path(all_files[0]).suffix.lower()
if first_ext in (".json", ".jsonl"):
loader = "json"
elif first_ext == ".csv":
loader = "csv"
elif first_ext == ".parquet":
loader = "parquet"
else:
raise ValueError(f"Unsupported local dataset format: {all_files[0]}")
dataset = load_dataset(loader, data_files = all_files, split = "train")
else:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": "No dataset specified for embedding training.",
"stack": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# Apply dataset slicing if specified
slice_start = config.get("dataset_slice_start")
slice_end = config.get("dataset_slice_end")
if slice_start is not None or slice_end is not None:
start = slice_start if slice_start is not None else 0
end = slice_end if slice_end is not None else len(dataset)
dataset = dataset.select(range(start, min(end + 1, len(dataset))))
logger.info(f"Embedding dataset loaded: {len(dataset)} samples")
except Exception as e:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Failed to load dataset: {e}",
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
if _should_stop:
event_queue.put({"type": "complete", "output_dir": None, "ts": time.time()})
return
# ── 5. Create loss function ──
loss = MultipleNegativesRankingLoss(model)
# ── 6. Build training arguments ──
_send_status(event_queue, "Configuring training...")
try:
lr_value = float(config.get("learning_rate", "2e-4"))
except ValueError:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Invalid learning rate: {config.get('learning_rate')}",
"stack": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
resume_from_checkpoint = config.get("resume_from_checkpoint")
output_dir = config.get("output_dir") or _output_dir_from_resume_checkpoint(
resume_from_checkpoint
)
if not output_dir:
output_dir = str(resolve_output_dir(f"{model_name.replace('/', '_')}_{int(time.time())}"))
output_dir = str(resolve_output_dir(output_dir))
num_epochs = config.get("num_epochs", 2)
batch_size = config.get("batch_size", 256)
gradient_accumulation_steps = config.get("gradient_accumulation_steps", 1)
max_steps_val = config.get("max_steps", 0)
save_steps_val = config.get("save_steps", 0)
warmup_ratio = config.get("warmup_ratio", 0.03)
warmup_steps_val = config.get("warmup_steps")
log_frequency = config.get("log_frequency", 50)
# Build args dict
training_args_kwargs = {
"output_dir": output_dir,
"per_device_train_batch_size": batch_size,
"gradient_accumulation_steps": gradient_accumulation_steps,
"learning_rate": lr_value,
"fp16": not is_bfloat16_supported(),
"bf16": is_bfloat16_supported(),
"logging_steps": 1,
"report_to": ["wandb"] if config.get("enable_wandb") else "none",
"lr_scheduler_type": config.get("lr_scheduler_type", "linear"),
"batch_sampler": BatchSamplers.NO_DUPLICATES,
"optim": config.get("optim", "adamw_8bit"),
"weight_decay": config.get("weight_decay", 0.001),
"seed": config.get("random_seed", 3407),
}
# max_steps vs epochs
if max_steps_val and max_steps_val > 0:
training_args_kwargs["max_steps"] = max_steps_val
else:
training_args_kwargs["num_train_epochs"] = num_epochs if num_epochs > 0 else 2
# warmup: prefer warmup_ratio (standard for embedding scripts), fallback to steps
if warmup_ratio is not None and warmup_ratio > 0:
training_args_kwargs["warmup_ratio"] = warmup_ratio
elif warmup_steps_val is not None and warmup_steps_val > 0:
training_args_kwargs["warmup_steps"] = warmup_steps_val
# save_steps
if save_steps_val and save_steps_val > 0:
training_args_kwargs["save_steps"] = save_steps_val
training_args_kwargs["save_strategy"] = "steps"
args = SentenceTransformerTrainingArguments(**training_args_kwargs)
# ── 7. Calculate total steps for progress tracking ──
if max_steps_val and max_steps_val > 0:
total_steps = max_steps_val
else:
effective_epochs = num_epochs if num_epochs > 0 else 2
len_dataloader = math.ceil(len(dataset) / batch_size)
steps_per_epoch = max(len_dataloader // gradient_accumulation_steps, 1)
total_steps = steps_per_epoch * effective_epochs
# ── 8. Create progress callback ──
class _EmbeddingProgressCallback(TrainerCallback):
"""Sends training progress events to the parent process via event_queue."""
def on_log(
self,
args,
state,
control,
logs = None,
**kwargs,
):
if not logs:
return
loss_value = logs.get("loss", logs.get("train_loss", None))
current_step = state.global_step
elapsed = time.time() - training_start_time
eta = None
if current_step > 0 and total_steps > 0:
remaining = total_steps - current_step
if remaining > 0:
eta = (elapsed / current_step) * remaining
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "progress",
"step": current_step,
"epoch": round(state.epoch, 2) if state.epoch else 0,
"loss": loss_value,
"learning_rate": logs.get("learning_rate", None),
"total_steps": total_steps,
"elapsed_seconds": elapsed,
"eta_seconds": eta,
"grad_norm": logs.get("grad_norm"),
"num_tokens": getattr(state, "num_input_tokens_seen", None),
"eval_loss": logs.get("eval_loss"),
"status_message": "",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
def on_step_end(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
if _should_stop:
logger.info("Embedding training: stop at step %d", state.global_step)
control.should_training_stop = True
return control
# ── 9. Create trainer and train ──
_send_status(event_queue, "Starting embedding training...")
try:
trainer = SentenceTransformerTrainer(
model = model,
train_dataset = dataset,
loss = loss,
args = args,
callbacks = [_EmbeddingProgressCallback()],
)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint = resume_from_checkpoint)
except Exception as e:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Embedding training failed: {e}",
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── 10. Save model ──
if _should_stop and not _save_on_stop:
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "complete",
"output_dir": None,
"status_message": "Training cancelled",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
_send_status(event_queue, "Saving model...")
try:
if _should_stop and _save_on_stop:
trainer._save_checkpoint(trainer.model, trial = None)
model.save_pretrained(output_dir)
model.tokenizer.save_pretrained(output_dir)
logger.info("Embedding model saved to %s", output_dir)
except Exception as e:
logger.error("Failed to save embedding model: %s", e)
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "error",
"error": f"Training completed but failed to save: {e}",
"stack": traceback.format_exc(limit = 20),
"ts": time.time(),
}
)
return
# ── 11. Done ──
event_queue.put(
{
"type": "complete",
"output_dir": output_dir,
"status_message": "Embedding training completed",
"ts": time.time(),
}
)