From ff759ba7e4d852c288723dd96e0a1fb7e935db37 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lee Jackson <130007945+Imagineer99@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 22:49:13 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Studio: Fix image-only chat requests failing validation
 (#5212)

* fix: allow image-only chat messages

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* test: deduplicate empty content validation coverage

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 studio/backend/models/inference.py            | 11 ++++++-----
 .../tests/test_openai_tool_passthrough.py     | 19 ++++++++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/studio/backend/models/inference.py b/studio/backend/models/inference.py
index bf0177efbf..eb2bb9c5ce 100644
--- a/studio/backend/models/inference.py
+++ b/studio/backend/models/inference.py
@@ -396,7 +396,10 @@ class ChatMessage(BaseModel):
         if self.name is not None and self.role != "tool":
             raise ValueError('"name" is only valid on role="tool" messages.')
 
-        # Per-role content requirements.
+        # Per-role content requirements. OpenAI-compatible clients may send
+        # ``content=""`` for image-only turns when the image travels in a
+        # companion field such as Studio's ``image_base64`` extension, so treat
+        # empty strings as present content for user/system messages.
         if self.role == "tool":
             if not self.tool_call_id:
                 raise ValueError(
@@ -411,10 +414,8 @@ class ChatMessage(BaseModel):
                     'role="assistant" messages require either "content" or "tool_calls".'
                 )
         else:  # "user" | "system"
-            if not self.content:
-                raise ValueError(
-                    f'role="{self.role}" messages require non-empty "content".'
-                )
+            if self.content is None or self.content == []:
+                raise ValueError(f'role="{self.role}" messages require "content".')
         return self
 
 
diff --git a/studio/backend/tests/test_openai_tool_passthrough.py b/studio/backend/tests/test_openai_tool_passthrough.py
index ccb0dba325..cdb7f5d270 100644
--- a/studio/backend/tests/test_openai_tool_passthrough.py
+++ b/studio/backend/tests/test_openai_tool_passthrough.py
@@ -144,13 +144,14 @@ class TestChatMessageToolRoles:
 
     # ── Role-aware content requirements ────────────────────────────
 
-    def test_user_empty_content_rejected(self):
-        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
-            ChatMessage(role = "user", content = "")
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("role", ["user", "system"])
+    def test_empty_string_content_allowed(self, role):
+        msg = ChatMessage(role = role, content = "")
+        assert msg.content == ""
 
-    def test_system_empty_content_rejected(self):
+    def test_user_missing_content_rejected(self):
         with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
-            ChatMessage(role = "system", content = "")
+            ChatMessage(role = "user")
 
     def test_user_empty_list_content_rejected(self):
         with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
@@ -226,6 +227,14 @@ class TestChatCompletionRequestToolFields:
         assert len(req.tools) == 1
         assert req.tools[0]["function"]["name"] == "get_weather"
 
+    def test_image_base64_allows_empty_user_text(self):
+        req = ChatCompletionRequest(
+            messages = [{"role": "user", "content": ""}],
+            image_base64 = "aW1hZ2U=",
+        )
+        assert req.messages[0].content == ""
+        assert req.image_base64 == "aW1hZ2U="
+
     def test_tool_choice_string_auto(self):
         assert self._make(tool_choice = "auto").tool_choice == "auto"