llms-txt/ed.html
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<section id="ed-the-standard-text-editor" class="level1">
<h1><code>ed</code>, the standard text editor</h1>
<p>In order to understand how llms.txt can be used with editors and IDEs, let’s look at how <code>ed</code>, the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/fun/jokes/ed-msg.html">standard text editor</a>, could work (assuming it’s updated to use this proposal). In our example we will look at how the user might then tell <code>ed</code> to retrieve the LLM docs from <a href="https://fastht.ml/docs">fastht.ml/docs</a>, and then use the results to write a simple <a href="https://fastht.ml">FastHTML</a> web app.</p>
<p>Even if you use a non-standard editor or IDE such as vscode, Cursor, vim, or Emacs, your software’s interaction with <code>/llms.txt</code> would look similar to this general approach.</p>
<div class="code-copy-outer-scaffold"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode sh code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">$</span> ed</span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">*</span> H</span></code></pre></div><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></div>
<p>Our user starts <code>ed</code> and enables helpful error messages (just for the purpose of this walkthru - obviously a real <code>ed</code> user doesn’t need “helpful error messages”).</p>
<div class="code-copy-outer-scaffold"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode sh code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">*</span> L fastht.ml/docs</span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">Checking</span> for /llms.txt at fastht.ml/docs...</span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">Found</span> /llms.txt. Parsing...</span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">Fetching</span> URLs from <span class="st">"Docs"</span> section... Fetching URLs from <span class="st">"Examples"</span> section...</span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">Skipping</span> <span class="st">"Optional"</span> section for brevity.</span>
<span id="cb2-6"><a href="#cb2-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">Creating</span> XML-based context for Claude... Context created and loaded.</span></code></pre></div><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></div>
<p>The user invokes the hypothetical <code>L</code> (load) command, which in this LLM-enhanced version of <code>ed</code> retrieves and processes the <code>llms.txt</code> file. <code>ed</code> checks for the file (if it didn’t exist, it would fall back to scraping the HTML of the website the old-fashioned way), parses it, fetches the relevant URLs, and creates an XML-based context suitable for Claude (perhaps an <code>ed</code> config file could be used to choose what LLM to use, and would determine how the context is formatted). All of this happens with the characteristic silence of <code>ed</code>, broken only by these reassuring progress messages.</p>
<div class="code-copy-outer-scaffold"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode sh code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">*</span> x Create a simple FastHTML app which outputs <span class="st">'Hello, World!'</span>, in a <span class="op">&lt;</span>div<span class="op">&gt;</span>.</span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">Analyzing</span> context and prompt...</span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">Generating</span> FastHTML app...</span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">App</span> written to buffer.</span></code></pre></div><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></div>
<p>Next, our user invokes the hypothetical <code>x</code> (eXecute AI) command, providing instructions for the LLM to create a simple FastHTML app. In the world of LLM-enhanced <code>ed</code>, this is understood as a request to generate code based on the given prompt and the previously loaded context.</p>
<div class="code-copy-outer-scaffold"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode sh code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">*</span> n</span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">5</span></span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">*</span> p</span>
<span id="cb4-4"><a href="#cb4-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">from</span> fasthtml.common import <span class="pp">*</span></span>
<span id="cb4-5"><a href="#cb4-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">app,rt</span> = fast_app<span class="er">(</span><span class="kw">)</span></span>
<span id="cb4-6"><a href="#cb4-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">@rt</span></span>
<span id="cb4-7"><a href="#cb4-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">def</span> index<span class="er">(</span><span class="kw">)</span><span class="bu">:</span> return div<span class="er">(</span><span class="st">"Hello, World!"</span><span class="kw">)</span></span>
<span id="cb4-8"><a href="#cb4-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">serve()</span></span></code></pre></div><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></div>
<p>The editor analyzes the loaded context along with the provided prompt, generates the FastHTML app, and writes it to the buffer. The user then views the generated app line count (<code>n</code>) and contents (<code>p</code>), marveling at how much functionality is packed into those 5 lines.</p>
<div class="code-copy-outer-scaffold"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode sh code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">*w</span> hello_world.py</span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">5</span></span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">*q</span></span></code></pre></div><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></div>
<p>Finally, our user saves the app to a file and quits <code>ed</code>, presumably to run their new FastHTML app and reflect on the unexpected productivity boost provided by their trusty line editor.</p>
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config.content = contentFn;
}
if (onTriggerFn) {
config.onTrigger = onTriggerFn;
}
if (onUntriggerFn) {
config.onUntrigger = onUntriggerFn;
}
window.tippy(el, config);
}
const noterefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-noteref"]');
for (var i=0; i<noterefs.length; i++) {
const ref = noterefs[i];
tippyHover(ref, function() {
// use id or data attribute instead here
let href = ref.getAttribute('data-footnote-href') || ref.getAttribute('href');
try { href = new URL(href).hash; } catch {}
const id = href.replace(/^#\/?/, "");
const note = window.document.getElementById(id);
if (note) {
return note.innerHTML;
} else {
return "";
}
});
}
const xrefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a.quarto-xref');
const processXRef = (id, note) => {
// Strip column container classes
const stripColumnClz = (el) => {
el.classList.remove("page-full", "page-columns");
if (el.children) {
for (const child of el.children) {
stripColumnClz(child);
}
}
}
stripColumnClz(note)
if (id === null || id.startsWith('sec-')) {
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const container = document.createElement("div");
if (note.children && note.children.length > 2) {
container.appendChild(note.children[0].cloneNode(true));
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const child = note.children[i];
if (child.tagName === "P" && child.innerText === "") {
continue;
} else {
container.appendChild(child.cloneNode(true));
break;
}
}
if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) {
window.Quarto.typesetMath(container);
}
return container.innerHTML
} else {
if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) {
window.Quarto.typesetMath(note);
}
return note.innerHTML;
}
} else {
// Remove any anchor links if they are present
const anchorLink = note.querySelector('a.anchorjs-link');
if (anchorLink) {
anchorLink.remove();
}
if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) {
window.Quarto.typesetMath(note);
}
if (note.classList.contains("callout")) {
return note.outerHTML;
} else {
return note.innerHTML;
}
}
}
for (var i=0; i<xrefs.length; i++) {
const xref = xrefs[i];
tippyHover(xref, undefined, function(instance) {
instance.disable();
let url = xref.getAttribute('href');
let hash = undefined;
if (url.startsWith('#')) {
hash = url;
} else {
try { hash = new URL(url).hash; } catch {}
}
if (hash) {
const id = hash.replace(/^#\/?/, "");
const note = window.document.getElementById(id);
if (note !== null) {
try {
const html = processXRef(id, note.cloneNode(true));
instance.setContent(html);
} finally {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
}
} else {
// See if we can fetch this
fetch(url.split('#')[0])
.then(res => res.text())
.then(html => {
const parser = new DOMParser();
const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html");
const note = htmlDoc.getElementById(id);
if (note !== null) {
const html = processXRef(id, note);
instance.setContent(html);
}
}).finally(() => {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
});
}
} else {
// See if we can fetch a full url (with no hash to target)
// This is a special case and we should probably do some content thinning / targeting
fetch(url)
.then(res => res.text())
.then(html => {
const parser = new DOMParser();
const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html");
const note = htmlDoc.querySelector('main.content');
if (note !== null) {
// This should only happen for chapter cross references
// (since there is no id in the URL)
// remove the first header
if (note.children.length > 0 && note.children[0].tagName === "HEADER") {
note.children[0].remove();
}
const html = processXRef(null, note);
instance.setContent(html);
}
}).finally(() => {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
});
}
}, function(instance) {
});
}
let selectedAnnoteEl;
const selectorForAnnotation = ( cell, annotation) => {
let cellAttr = 'data-code-cell="' + cell + '"';
let lineAttr = 'data-code-annotation="' + annotation + '"';
const selector = 'span[' + cellAttr + '][' + lineAttr + ']';
return selector;
}
const selectCodeLines = (annoteEl) => {
const doc = window.document;
const targetCell = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-cell");
const targetAnnotation = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-annotation");
const annoteSpan = window.document.querySelector(selectorForAnnotation(targetCell, targetAnnotation));
const lines = annoteSpan.getAttribute("data-code-lines").split(",");
const lineIds = lines.map((line) => {
return targetCell + "-" + line;
})
let top = null;
let height = null;
let parent = null;
if (lineIds.length > 0) {
//compute the position of the single el (top and bottom and make a div)
const el = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[0]);
top = el.offsetTop;
height = el.offsetHeight;
parent = el.parentElement.parentElement;
if (lineIds.length > 1) {
const lastEl = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[lineIds.length - 1]);
const bottom = lastEl.offsetTop + lastEl.offsetHeight;
height = bottom - top;
}
if (top !== null && height !== null && parent !== null) {
// cook up a div (if necessary) and position it
let div = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight");
if (div === null) {
div = window.document.createElement("div");
div.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight");
div.style.position = 'absolute';
parent.appendChild(div);
}
div.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
div.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
div.style.left = 0;
let gutterDiv = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
if (gutterDiv === null) {
gutterDiv = window.document.createElement("div");
gutterDiv.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
gutterDiv.style.position = 'absolute';
const codeCell = window.document.getElementById(targetCell);
const gutter = codeCell.querySelector('.code-annotation-gutter');
gutter.appendChild(gutterDiv);
}
gutterDiv.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
gutterDiv.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
}
selectedAnnoteEl = annoteEl;
}
};
const unselectCodeLines = () => {
const elementsIds = ["code-annotation-line-highlight", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"];
elementsIds.forEach((elId) => {
const div = window.document.getElementById(elId);
if (div) {
div.remove();
}
});
selectedAnnoteEl = undefined;
};
// Handle positioning of the toggle
window.addEventListener(
"resize",
throttle(() => {
elRect = undefined;
if (selectedAnnoteEl) {
selectCodeLines(selectedAnnoteEl);
}
}, 10)
);
function throttle(fn, ms) {
let throttle = false;
let timer;
return (...args) => {
if(!throttle) { // first call gets through
fn.apply(this, args);
throttle = true;
} else { // all the others get throttled
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer); // cancel #2
timer = setTimeout(() => {
fn.apply(this, args);
timer = throttle = false;
}, ms);
}
};
}
// Attach click handler to the DT
const annoteDls = window.document.querySelectorAll('dt[data-target-cell]');
for (const annoteDlNode of annoteDls) {
annoteDlNode.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
const clickedEl = event.target;
if (clickedEl !== selectedAnnoteEl) {
unselectCodeLines();
const activeEl = window.document.querySelector('dt[data-target-cell].code-annotation-active');
if (activeEl) {
activeEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active');
}
selectCodeLines(clickedEl);
clickedEl.classList.add('code-annotation-active');
} else {
// Unselect the line
unselectCodeLines();
clickedEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active');
}
});
}
const findCites = (el) => {
const parentEl = el.parentElement;
if (parentEl) {
const cites = parentEl.dataset.cites;
if (cites) {
return {
el,
cites: cites.split(' ')
};
} else {
return findCites(el.parentElement)
}
} else {
return undefined;
}
};
var bibliorefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-biblioref"]');
for (var i=0; i<bibliorefs.length; i++) {
const ref = bibliorefs[i];
const citeInfo = findCites(ref);
if (citeInfo) {
tippyHover(citeInfo.el, function() {
var popup = window.document.createElement('div');
citeInfo.cites.forEach(function(cite) {
var citeDiv = window.document.createElement('div');
citeDiv.classList.add('hanging-indent');
citeDiv.classList.add('csl-entry');
var biblioDiv = window.document.getElementById('ref-' + cite);
if (biblioDiv) {
citeDiv.innerHTML = biblioDiv.innerHTML;
}
popup.appendChild(citeDiv);
});
return popup.innerHTML;
});
}
}
});
</script>
</div> <!-- /content -->
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